Smalyany

Smalyany (Смальяны; Смольяны) is an agrotown in Orsha District, Vitebsk Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Smalyany selsoviet. It is situated 24 km west-northwest of Orsha.

History
During the French invasion of Russia in 1812, Russian troops led by Peter Wittgenstein defeated French forces at the Battle of Smoliani.

In 1926, 950 Jews lived in the settlement, just over half of the total population. During the German invasion of the Soviet Union, the settlement was captured by German forces of Army Group Centre on 9 July 1941. The Germans established a Smalyany Ghetto, possibly during the fall of 1941; the ghetto was liquidated on 5 April 1942 as a mass shooting of Jews took place. The Soviet Extraordinary State Commission (ChGK) estimated the number of victims to be 610, with a list compiled by the ChGK containing the names of 254 Jews.