Sound-on-disc

Sound-on-disc is a class of sound film processes using a phonograph or other disc to record or play back sound in sync with a motion picture. Early sound-on-disc systems used a mechanical interlock with the movie projector, while more recent systems use timecode.

France

 * The Chronophone (Léon Gaumont) "Filmparlants" and phonoscènes 1902–1910 (experimental), 1910–1917 (industrial)

United States

 * Vitaphone introduced by Warner Bros. in 1926
 * Phono-Kinema, short-lived system, invented by Orlando Kellum in 1921 (used by D. W. Griffith for Dream Street)
 * Digital Theater Systems

United Kingdom

 * British Phototone, short-lived UK system using 12-inch discs, introduced in 1928-29 (Clue of the New Pin)

Other

 * Systems with the film projector linked to a phonograph or cylinder phonograph, developed by Thomas Edison (Kinetophone, Kinetophonograph), Selig Polyscope, French companies such as Gaumont (Chronomégaphone and Chronophone) and Pathé, and British systems.