Special Region of Jakarta Act

The Special Region of Jakarta Act (Undang-Undang Provinsi Daerah Khusus Jakarta) is a law that declared that Jakarta is no longer the capital of Indonesia. With the enaction of the law, Nusantara officially becomes Indonesia's new capital beginning on 25 April 2024 and Jakarta's status as "Special Capital Region" being revoked. The law turned Jakarta into a "Special Region" for economic and trading.

The bill was passed by nearly all political parties in the House of Representatives. Only the Prosperous Justice Party rejected the passage of the law.

History
After the passage of State Capital Act 2023, the Indonesian government and the People's Representative Council discussed the future of Jakarta when the capital is moved to Nusantara. On 5 December 2023, the People's Representative Council submitted the "Bill on Special Region of Jakarta". The main contents of the bill was:


 * 1) Areal delimitation of Jakarta.
 * 2) Governor and Deputy Governor will no longer be electable posts, but rather by presidential appointment.
 * 3) Special rights of Jakarta in regulating its economy.
 * 4) There will be regencies and cities in future Jakarta, but the regent and mayor posts will be by gubernatorial appointment.
 * 5) As the consequences of formation of new regencies and cities, there will be regency-level and town-level representative council.
 * 6) Special taxes in Special Region of Jakarta.

Regarding the governor and deputy governor being presidential appointed posts, PDI-P, Golkar, National Awakening Party, Nasdem, Prosperous Justice Party, Democratic Party, and National Mandate Party objected to the change. The government, through the Ministry of Home Affairs, also voiced their rejection as the change being not democratic.

When the law finally passed on 28 April 2024, much of the law content being revised from its original bill form. The main contents are:


 * 1) Formation of Agglomerated Regions Council.
 * 2) Governor and Deputy Governor are still democratically elected posts.
 * 3) Allocation of special funds for social and community affairs for districts.
 * 4) Limited autonomy for future Jakarta local government.
 * 5) Cultural development in Jakarta.
 * 6) Special taxation and tariffs established within Jakarta.
 * 7) Agrarian affairs in Jakarta.

Agglomerated Regions Council
Article 55 of the law mandated the formation of Agglomerated Regions Council (Dewan Kawasan Aglomerasi). The council will regulate the development of Agglomerated Regions of Jakarta, which consisted of Jakarta and its satellites: Bogor Regency, Tangerang Regency, Bekasi Regency, Cianjur Regency, Bogor, Tangerang City, South Tangerang, and Bekasi. The formation of this council was required because prior the formation the council, Jakarta's environmental and transportation problems were divided into Jakarta, Bogor, and Bekasi local government. Moreover, different ruling political factions and views between the three local governments made the situation difficult.

In the bill, it was mentioned that the Agglomerated Regions Council will be chaired by Vice President of Indonesia ex officio. However, in the law form, the office will be filled by president-appointed official.

Transitional period
Despite by the law Jakarta no longer served as Indonesian capital de jure, until the relevant presidential decree issued, Article 73 of the law stated that the capital remained in Jakarta de facto. Capital movement to Nusantara is expected to be no longer than 16 August 2024.