Stranger to Stranger

Stranger to Stranger is the thirteenth solo studio album by American folk rock singer-songwriter Paul Simon. Produced by Paul Simon and Roy Halee, it was released on June 3, 2016 through Concord Records. Simon wrote the material over a period of several years, perfecting it and rewriting it to his liking. Its music is experimental, making use of custom-made instruments by composer and music theorist Harry Partch. Three of the songs on the album are collaborations with Italian electronic artist Clap! Clap!.

His first release in over five years, Stranger to Stranger received wide critical acclaim. It represented Simon's highest-ever debut on the Billboard 200, at No. 3, and reached No. 1 on the UK Albums Chart.

The cover art is a detail of a portrait of Simon from 2011 by Chuck Close. Photo by Kerry Ryan McFate, courtesy Pace Gallery.

Background
Simon began writing new material shortly after releasing his twelfth studio album, So Beautiful or So What, in April 2011. Simon collaborates with the Italian electronic dance music artist Clap! Clap! on three songs—"The Werewolf", "Street Angel", and "Wristband". Simon was introduced to him by his son, Adrian, who was a fan of his work. The two met up in July 2011 when Simon was touring behind So Beautiful or So What in Milan, Italy. He and Clap! Clap! worked together via email over the course of making the album. Simon also worked with longtime friend Roy Halee, who is listed as co-producer on the album. Halee, who had retired years earlier, was mostly recruited to advise on how to create natural echo. He was unfamiliar with Pro Tools, so Simon helped him with it. "I always liked working with him more than anyone else," Simon noted.

Composition
Andy Greene of Rolling Stone dubbed Stranger to Stranger an "experimental album heavy on echo and rhythm that fuses electronic beats with African woodwind instruments, Peruvian drums, a gospel music quartet, horns and synthesizers." The album makes use of custom-made instruments, such as the Cloud-Chamber Bowls and the Chromelodeon, which were created by music theorist Harry Partch in the mid-twentieth century. Simon briefly moved the sessions to Montclair State University, where the instruments are stored, in 2013 in order to employ them on the album. "Parch said there were 43 tones to an octave and not 12," Simon remarked in Rolling Stone. "He had a totally different approach to what music is and had to build his own instruments so he could compose on a microtonal scale. That microtonal thinking pervades this album."

"The Werewolf" centers around a werewolf, also an angel of death, who is looking for victims. The song's origins came from Simon and his band experimenting with slowing down the tempo of a recording they made of the Peruvian percussion instrument Cajón, the Indian instrument gopichand, and hand claps. "Wristband" creates a narrative around a rock musician unable to gain entry into his own concert because he lacks the wristband required. "The Riverbank" was inspired by a teacher that Simon personally knew who was killed in the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting in December 2012. It also takes root in a visit Simon made to wounded veterans at Walter Reed Hospital. "Proof of Love" and "In the Garden of Edie", meanwhile, stand as tributes to Simon's wife, musician Edie Brickell. The album also has continuity, with characters reappearing in songs. "The idea of finishing one song and having the character appear in another song appeals to me. I don't see why characters shouldn't appear more than once," said Simon. The instrumentals "The Clock" and "In the Garden of Edie" function as interludes, designed to give listeners "space." The two tracks were originally composed for John Patrick Shanley's play Prodigal Son, but went unused.

Release
Stranger to Stranger was first announced when Simon announced his tour dates in February 2016. It was officially announced with the lead single "Wristband" premiering online on April 7, 2016.

Critical reception
Stranger to Stranger received widespread critical acclaim. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the album received an average score of 85, based on 25 reviews. In Rolling Stone, Will Hermes said it was "as inviting, immaculately produced, jokey and unsettled a record as any he has ever made", while The Guardian Jon Dennis found the album "as rewarding as anything" Simon had recorded before, showcasing a "tenacious pursuit of new sounds". Jonathan Bernstein of Entertainment Weekly called Stranger to Stranger "one of his very boldest collections to date", an album "brimming with concepts and sounds that push Simon’s musical boundaries further than ever".

Randy Lewis from the Los Angeles Times believed the record was "pop music at its most artful and relevant, a sentiment from a septuagenarian representative of rock’s old guard that's arguably as potent as anything from seemingly more streetwise artists one-third his age". The Independent Andy Gill hailed it as Simon's "best in several years", and Steve Smith of The Boston Globe considered it his "richest, most instantly appealing collection since Graceland (1986)". Dan Weiss was somewhat less impressed in Spin, lamenting the music's "novelty electronics", which he said "make everything feel sillier than it is (not inherently a bad thing), but they also fail to get into a groove (which is)".

Commercial performance
The album debuted at No. 1 on the UK Albums Chart, selling 19,218 copies in its first week. At the age of 74, Paul Simon was the oldest male solo artist to chart at No. 1 in the UK. It is his first No. 1 studio album since 1990's The Rhythm of the Saints. In the United States, Stranger to Stranger debuted at No. 3 on the Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 68,000 units. The album was the overall best-selling album for the week based on pure album sales (67,000 copies). It is Simon's highest charting album in over 29 years, since Graceland (1986).

Personnel

 * Paul Simon – vocals, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, autoharp, baritone guitar, bass harmonica, celeste, chromelodeon, clock, glockenspiel, gopichand, harmonium, mbira, percussion, twelve-string guitar
 * Bobby Allende – congas
 * David Broome – chromelodeon
 * C.J. Camerieri – French horn, trumpet
 * Clap! Clap! – electronic drums, programming, synthesizer
 * Jack DeJohnette – drums (tracks 9 and 11)
 * Dean Drummond – bamboo marimba, zoomoozophone
 * Dave Eggar – cello
 * Alan Ferber, Wycliffe Gordon – trombone
 * Gil Goldstein – string arrangements
 * Golden Gate Quartet – backing vocals
 * Nelson González – maracas, très
 * Jamey Haddad – brushes, hadjira, percussion
 * Paul Halley – Hammond organ
 * Carlos Henriquez, Bakithi Kumalo – bass guitar
 * Katie Kresek – viola
 * Steve Marion – slide guitar
 * Sergio Martínez – handclaps, percussion
 * Bobby McFerrin, Keith Montie – backing vocals
 * Nico Muhly – celeste, orchestra bells, horn and flute arrangements
 * Vincent Nguini – electric guitar, acoustic guitar
 * Jim Oblon – drums, programming, electronic drums, percussion
 * Nino de los Reyes – handclaps, percussion
 * Oscar de los Reyes – handclaps, percussion
 * Marcus Rojas – tuba
 * Mick Rossi – glockenspiel, harmonium, piano, Fender Rhodes
 * Andy Snitzer – saxophone, backing vocals
 * Jared Soldiviero – bamboo marimba, bowed marimba, cloud chamber bowls, harmonic canon
 * Alex Sopp – flute
 * Mark Stewart – big boing mbira, trombadoo