Sugar acid

In organic chemistry, a sugar acid or acidic sugar is a monosaccharide with a carboxyl group at one end or both ends of its chain.

Main classes of sugar acids include:
 * Aldonic acids, in which the aldehyde group (\sCH\dO) located at the initial end (position 1) of an aldose is oxidized.
 * Ulosonic acids, in which the hydroxymethyl group (\sCH2OH) at the initial end of a 2-ketose is oxidized creating an α-ketoacid.
 * Uronic acids, in which the \sCH2OH group at the terminal end of an aldose or ketose is oxidized.
 * Aldaric acids, in which both ends (\sCH\dO and \sCH2OH) of an aldose are oxidized.

Examples
Examples of sugar acids include:
 * Aldonic acids
 * Glyceric acid (3C)
 * Xylonic acid (5C)
 * Gluconic acid (6C)
 * Ascorbic acid (6C, unsaturated lactone)
 * Ulosonic acids
 * Neuraminic acid (5-amino-3,5-dideoxy- D -glycero- D -galacto-non-2-ulosonic acid)
 * Ketodeoxyoctulosonic acid (KDO or 3-deoxy- D -manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid)
 * Uronic acids
 * Glucuronic acid (6C)
 * Galacturonic acid (6C)
 * Iduronic acid (6C)
 * Aldaric acids
 * Tartaric acid (4C)
 * meso-Galactaric acid (Mucic acid) (6C)
 * D -Glucaric acid (Saccharic acid) (6C)