Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien

Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien (1892–) by Adolf Engler (1844–1930) is a complete revision of plant families down to generic level and often even further. As such it forms part of the Engler system of plant taxonomy.

Engler's starting point was that of Eichler who had been the first to use phylogenetic principles, and reflected the new post-Darwinian perspective, although Engler himself did not think that his was. His modified Eichler schema first appeared in 1886 in his Guide to Breslau Botanic Garden (of which he was the director) and was expanded in his Syllabus in 1892. This reflected the new post-Darwinian perspective. Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien first appeared in 1892 with the title Syllabus der Vorlesungen über specielle und medicinisch-pharmaceutische Botanik. Many subsequent editions have appeared since, and it was continued after Engler's death in 1930. The most recent edition was the 13th in 2009. A number of references to the Engler system actually refer to later revisions ('modified Engler system') undertaken by Melchior and colleagues, the 12th edition of the Syllabus, also referred to as the Melchior system.

First edition (1892)
Review of previous systems p. xvii Schema p. xx


 * Myxothallophyta p. 1
 * Myxomycetes
 * Euthallophyta p. 3
 * Schizophyta
 * Dinoflagellata
 * Bacillariales
 * Gamophyceae
 * Fungi
 * Embryophyta Zoidiogama (Archegoniatae)
 * Bryophyta p. 43
 * Pteridophyta p. 53
 * Embryophyta Siphonogama (Phanerogamae)
 * Gymnospermae p. 59
 * Angiospermae p. 64
 * Class Chalazogamae p. 64
 * Class Acrogamae p. 65
 * Subclass Monocotyledoneae 10 Orders
 * 1. Pandanales p. 65
 * 8. Liliiflorae p. 81
 * 9. Scitamineae p. 87
 * 10 Microspermae p. 89
 * Subclass Dicotyledoneae 2 groups
 * Group Archichlamydeae 23 orders
 * 1. Piperales p. 93
 * 19. Parietales p. 138 24 families
 * Violaceae p. 142
 * 20. Opuntiales p. 144
 * 23. Polygonales p. 101
 * Group Sympetalae 9 Orders
 * 1. Ericales p. 151
 * 9. Campanulatae p. 173
 * 23. Polygonales p. 101
 * Group Sympetalae 9 Orders
 * 1. Ericales p. 151
 * 9. Campanulatae p. 173
 * 9. Campanulatae p. 173
 * 9. Campanulatae p. 173

Third edition (1903)
The main groups of plants are shown here with page numbers in (parentheses) and some corresponding volumes in Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien in [square brackets], however there are changes between editions:

Review of previous systems p. xxi

From schema and index (pp. xxiv-xxv)


 * I. Abteilung. Phytosarcodina, Myxothallophyta, Myxomycetes (p. 1)
 * II. Abteilung. Schizophyta (p. 3) [vol 1 part Ia]
 * III. Abteilung. Flagellatae (p. 6) [vol 1 part Ia]
 * IV. Abteilung. Dinoflagellatae (p. 8)
 * ? Abteilung. Silicoflagellatae (p. 8)
 * V. Abteilung. Zygophyceae (p. 8)
 * VI. Abteilung. Chlorophyceae (p. 11) [vol 1 part II]
 * VII. Abteilung. Charales (p. 15)
 * VIII. Abteilung. Phaeophyceae (p. 15)
 * IX. Abteilung. Dictyotales (p. 18)
 * X. Abteilung. Rhodophyceae (p. 18)
 * XI. Abteilung. Eumycetes (Fungi) (p. 25) [vol 1 part I]
 * XII. Abteilung. Embryophyta asiphonogama (Archegoniatae) (p. 50)
 * I. Unterabteilung Bryophyta (Muscinei) (p. 51) [vol 1 part III: 1]
 * II. Unterabteilung Pteridophyta (p. 61) [vol 1 part IV]
 * XIII. Abteilung. Embryophyta siphonogama (Phanerogamae) (p. 70)
 * I. Unterabteilung Gymnospermae (p. 70) [vol 2 part I]
 * II. Unterabteilung Angiospermae (p. 75) [vol 2 part I]

XIII Embryophyta siphonogama

 * I. Unterabteilung Gymnospermae 6 classes (p. 70) [vol 2 part I]
 * II. Unterabteilung Angiospermae 2 classes (p. 75) [vol 2 part I]
 * 1. Klasse Monocotyledoneae 11 orders (p. 76)
 * 2. Klasse Dicotyledoneae 2 subclasses (p. 106)

Gymnospermae
6 classes (p. 70)

Angiospermae
2 classes (p. 75)
 * 1. Klasse Monocotyledoneae 11 orders (p. 76) [vol 2 part I]
 * 2. Klasse Dicotyledoneae 2 sublasses (p. 106)

Monocotyledoneae
11 orders
 * 1. Reihe Pandanales (p. 77)
 * 3. Reihe Triuridales (p. 80)
 * 4. Reihe Glumiflorae (p. 80)
 * 5. Reihe Principes (p. 84)
 * 6. Reihe Synanthae (p. 87)
 * 7. Reihe Spathiflorae (p. 87)
 * 8. Reihe Farinosae (p. 91)
 * 9. Reihe Liliiflorae (p. 93) [vol 2 part I]
 * 10. Reihe Scitamineae (p. 101)
 * 11. Reihe Microspermae (p. 102)

Dicotyledoneae
2 subclasses (p. 106)
 * 1. Unterklasse Archechlamydeae
 * 2. Unterklasse Metachlamydeae (Sympetalae) (p. 175)

Index (p. 215)

Monocotyledon family structure
11 orders (Reihe)

Pandanales

 * Pandanaceae
 * Sparganiaceae
 * Typhaceae

Helobiae
4 suborders
 * subordo Alismatineae
 * Alismataceae
 * Butomaceae
 * subordo Hydrocharitineae
 * Hydrocharitaceae
 * subordo Scheuchzeriineae
 * Scheuchzeriaceae
 * subordo Potamogetonineae
 * Aponogetonaceae
 * Juncaginaceae
 * Potamogetonaceae
 * Najadaceae
 * Zannichelliaceae

Triuridales

 * Triuridaceae

Glumiflorae

 * Gramineae
 * Maydeae
 * Andropogoneae
 * Paniceae
 * Oryzeae
 * Phalarideae
 * Agrostideae
 * Aveneae
 * Festuceae
 * Chlorideae
 * Hordeeae
 * Bambuseae
 * Cyperaceae

Principes

 * Palmae or Arecaceae

Synanthae

 * Cyclanthaceae

Spathiflorae

 * Araceae
 * Lemnaceae

Farinosae
6 suborders
 * Flagellariaceae
 * Enantioblastae
 * Bromellinewae
 * Commelinineae
 * Pontederiineae
 * Philydrineae

Liliiflorae
3 suborders (Unterreihe) 9 families
 * p. 93
 * 1) Juncineae 1 family (p. 94)
 * 2) Liliineae 7 families (p. 94)
 * 3) Iridineae 1 family (p. 100)


 * suborder Juncineae (p. 94)
 * Juncaceae
 * subordo Liliineae 7 families (p. 94)
 * Stemonaceae (p. 94)
 * Liliaceae (p. 94) [pages 10–91]
 * subfamilia Melanthioideae 6 tribes (p. 94)
 * Tofieldieae
 * Helonieae
 * Veratreae
 * Uvularieae
 * Anguillarieae
 * Colchiceae
 * subfamilia Herrerioideae (p. 95)
 * subfamilia Asphodeloideae 8 tribes (p. 95)
 * Asphodeleae
 * Hemerocallideae
 * Aloineae
 * Aphyllantheae (p. 96)
 * Johnsonieae
 * Dasypogoneae
 * Lomandreae
 * Calectasieae
 * subfamilia Allioideae 3 tribes(p. 96)
 * Agapantheae
 * Allieae
 * Gilliesieae
 * subfamilia Lilioideae 2 tribes (p. 96)
 * Tulipeae 6 genera
 * Scilleae 7 genera
 * subfamilia Dracaenoideae 3 tribes (p. 97)
 * subfamilia Asparagoideae 4 tribes (p. 97)
 * subfamilia Ophiopogonoideae (p. 97)
 * subfamilia Aletroideae (p. 98)
 * subfamilia Luzuriagoideae (p. 98)
 * subfamilia Smilacoideae (p. 98)
 * Haemodoraceae (p. 98)
 * Amaryllidaceae 3 subfamilies (p. 98)
 * subfamilia Amaryllidoideae 2 tribes
 * Amaryllideae (p. 98)
 * Narcisseae (p. 99)
 * subfamilia Agavoideae (p. 99)
 * subfamilia Campynematoideae (p. 99)
 * Velloziaceae (p. 99)
 * Taccaceae (p. 99)
 * Dioscoreaceae 2 tribes (p. 99)
 * subordo Iridineae 2 families (p. 100)
 * Iridaceae (p. 100)
 * subfamilia Crocoideae
 * subfamilia Iridoideae 3 tribes
 * subfamilia Ixioideae 3 tribes

Scitamineae

 * Musaceae p. 101
 * Zingiberaceae
 * Cannaceae
 * Marantaceae
 * Lowiaceae p. 102

Microspermae

 * Orchidaceae

In modern classifications, Engler's divisions I - XI are not considered plants but are classified in other groups (although some botanists do accept Engler's divisions VII and VIII, the "green algae", as plants).

Thirteenth edition (2009-)

 * Cyanoprokaryota [Part 1/1]
 * Acrasia (Acrasiomycota) [Part 1/1]
 * Eumycetozoa [Part 1/1]
 * Protostelia
 * Dictyostelia
 * Myxogastria (Myxomycetes)
 * Phytomyxea (Plasmodiophoromycota) [Part 1/1]
 * Fungi / Mycobionta
 * Chytridiomycota [Part 1/1]
 * Blastocladiomycetes
 * Chytridiomycetes
 * Monoblepharidomycetes
 * Neocallimastigomycetes
 * Zygomycota [Part 1/1]
 * Entomophthoromycotina
 * Mortierellomycotina
 * Mucoromycotina
 * Kickxellomycotina
 * Zoopagomycotina
 * Glomeromycota [Part 1/1]
 * Glomeromycetes
 * Ascomycota [Part 1/2, to be published]
 * Basidiomycota [Part 1/3, to be published]
 * Heterokontobionta
 * Labyrinthulomycota [Part 1/1]
 * Labyrinthulomycetes
 * Oomycota [Part 1/1]
 * Hyphochytridiomycetes
 * Peronosporomycetes
 * Cryptophyta [Part 2/1]
 * Cryptophyceae
 * Goniomonadea
 * Dinophyta/Dinozoa (Dinoflagellata) [Part 2/1]
 * Perkinsea
 * Oxyrrhidophyceae
 * Ellobiophyceae
 * Syndiniophyceae
 * Noctiluciphyceae
 * Dinophyceae
 * Haptophyta [Part 2/1]
 * Pavlovophyceae
 * Coccolithophyceae
 * Heterokontophyta / Ochrophyta [Part 2/1]
 * Diatomeae, Bacillariophyceae s.l.
 * Coscinodiscophyceae
 * Mediophyceae
 * Fragilariophyceae
 * Bacillariophyceae
 * Other heterokontophytes
 * Bolidophyceae
 * Dictyochophyceae
 * Pelagophyceae
 * Pinguiophyceae
 * Eustigmatophyceae
 * Picophagea
 * Synchromophyceae
 * Chrysophyceae
 * Raphidophyceae
 * Chrysomerophyceae
 * Aurearenophyceae
 * Phaeothamniophyceae
 * Xanthophyceae
 * Schizocladiophyceae
 * Phaeophyceae
 * Glaucobionta [Part 2/1]
 * Glaucophyta
 * Rhodobionta [Part 2/2, to be published]
 * Rhodophyta
 * Organisation type "Green Algae"
 * Chlorarachniophyta / Cercozoa [Part 2/1]
 * Chlorarachniophyceae
 * Euglenophyta/Euglenozoa [Part 2/1]
 * Euglenophyceae
 * Chlorobionta ("Viridiplantae")
 * Chlorophyta [Part 2/1]
 * Nephroselmidophyceae
 * Mamiellophyceae
 * Prasinophyceae
 * Pedinophyceae
 * Chlorodendrophyceae
 * Trebouxiophyceae
 * Chlorophyceae
 * Ulvophyceae
 * Chlorophyta incertae sedis
 * Palmophyllales
 * Streptophyta
 * Mesostigmatophyceae [Part 2/1]
 * Chlorokybophyceae [Part 2/1]
 * Klebsormidiophyceae [Part 2/1]
 * Coleochaetophyceae [Part 2/1]
 * Zygnematophyceae [Part 2/1]
 * Charophyceae [Part 2/1]
 * Embryobionta
 * "Bryophytes" [Part 3]
 * Marchantiophyta (Hepaticae)
 * Bryophyta (Musci)
 * Anthocerotophyta
 * Polysporangiomorpha [Part 3]
 * "Protracheophytes" (Horneophytopsida)
 * Tracheophyta
 * Rhyniophytina [Part 3]
 * Lycophytina [Part 3]
 * Euphyllophytina [Part 3]
 * “Trimerophytina”
 * Moniliformopses (Cladoxylopsida, Psilotopsida, Equisetopsida, Marattiopsida, Polypodiopsida)
 * Radiatopses (Progymnospermopsida)
 * Spermatophytina
 * Pinopsida (gymnosperms) [Part 4, to be published]
 * Magnoliopsida (angiosperms)
 * Magnoliidae [Part 4, to be published]
 * Lilianae (monocotyledons)
 * Acorales, Alismatales, Petrosaviales, Dioscoreales, Pandanales, Liliales, Asparagales [Part 4, to be published]
 * Arecales, Commelinales, Poales, Zingiberales, Dasypogonales [Part 5, to be published]
 * Eudicotyledons [Part 5, to be published]

Syllabus editions 1892–1924

 * 1904: Engler, A. idem, 4th ed., Borntraeger, Berlin.
 * 1907: Engler, A. idem, 5th ed., Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag, Berlin, 247 p.
 * 1909: Engler, A. idem, 6th ed., Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag, Berlin, 254 p.
 * 1912: Engler, A. & E. Gilg, Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien: eine Übersicht über das gesamte Pflanzensystem mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Medizinal- und Nutzpflanzen, nebst einer Übersicht über die Florenreiche und Florengebiete der Erde zum Gebrauch bei Vorlesungen und Studien über spezielle und medizinisch-pharmazeutische Botanik, 7th ed., Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag, Berlin, 387 p.
 * 1924: Engler, A. & E. Gilg, Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien: eine Übersicht über das ganze Pflanzensystem mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Medizinal- und Naturpflanzen nebst einer Übersicht über die Florenreiche und Florengebiete der Erde zum Gebrauch bei Vorlesungen und Studien über spezielle und medizinisch-pharmazeutische Botanik , 9th ed., Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag, Berlin, 420 p.
 * 1924: Engler, A. & E. Gilg, idem, 10th ed., Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag, Berlin.
 * 1909: Engler, A. idem, 6th ed., Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag, Berlin, 254 p.
 * 1912: Engler, A. & E. Gilg, Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien: eine Übersicht über das gesamte Pflanzensystem mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Medizinal- und Nutzpflanzen, nebst einer Übersicht über die Florenreiche und Florengebiete der Erde zum Gebrauch bei Vorlesungen und Studien über spezielle und medizinisch-pharmazeutische Botanik, 7th ed., Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag, Berlin, 387 p.
 * 1924: Engler, A. & E. Gilg, Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien: eine Übersicht über das ganze Pflanzensystem mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Medizinal- und Naturpflanzen nebst einer Übersicht über die Florenreiche und Florengebiete der Erde zum Gebrauch bei Vorlesungen und Studien über spezielle und medizinisch-pharmazeutische Botanik , 9th ed., Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag, Berlin, 420 p.
 * 1924: Engler, A. & E. Gilg, idem, 10th ed., Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag, Berlin.
 * 1924: Engler, A. & E. Gilg, idem, 10th ed., Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag, Berlin.

Posthumous editions

 * 1936: Diels, L. A. Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien: eine Übersicht über das ganze Pflanzensystem mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Medizinal- und Nutzpflanzen nebst einer Übersicht über die Florenreiche und Florengebiete der Erde zum Gebrauch bei Vorselungen und Studien über spezielle und medizinisch-pharmazeutische Botanik, 11th ed., Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag, Berlin, 419 p.
 * Vol. I 367 pp.
 * Vol. II 666 pp.
 * 1983: Gerloff, J. & K. Walther, idem, 13th ed., Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlag, Berlin (Only one of seven planned volumes was published - Bryophytina, Laubmoose)
 * In 2009, the edition was revived, with the publication of the first of five replanned volumes
 * Google Books
 * Forthcoming parts:
 * Part 1/3: Basidiomycota
 * Part 2/2: Rhodobionta
 * Part 5: Seed Plants, Spermatophytes (2)
 * Forthcoming parts:
 * Part 1/3: Basidiomycota
 * Part 2/2: Rhodobionta
 * Part 5: Seed Plants, Spermatophytes (2)
 * Part 5: Seed Plants, Spermatophytes (2)