Talk:Epidemiology of motor vehicle collisions

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Epidemiology of motor vehicle collisions. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090725140530/http://www.japantoday.com/category/national/view/pedestrians-become-chief-victims-of-road-accident-deaths-in-2008 to http://www.japantoday.com/category/national/view/pedestrians-become-chief-victims-of-road-accident-deaths-in-2008
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120603163108/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/transport/data/database to http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/transport/data/database

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 00:40, 22 September 2017 (UTC)

Proposed additions in need of rewrite
I moved following addition by from the article because it needs rewrite for English grammar and clarity. The text is incoherent and likely misleading in its current state. Please wait for other editors to assist with rewriting this before moving it back into the article. --Dennis Bratland (talk) 19:26, 16 April 2018 (UTC)

Typical car crash
Various kind of crash collision may exist. The more typical crash occurs when a car crashes in something in front of it. In such a crash the vehicle might be stopped, but due to the inertia the car occupant speed does not decrease, which will make him meet/crash against the car structure, with the energy due to the Kinetic effect. However restraint technologies — such as seat belt applied to the pelvis and rib cage — reduce the speed of the car occupant, which might avoid the car occupant crash against the vehicle structure, or reduce the speed and energy when the body impacts the vehicle.

Kinetic effect
Death and injuries due to the road traffic are due to the limit of the human body to comply with kinetic forces. The energy of a crash is related to the square of the velocity,, by Kinetic energy law.

For this car crash protection is sized for the average-sized male occupant, but with age it might become more vulnerable to injury.

Some studies shows pedestrians have a 90% chance of surviving a car impact at 30km/h, while this drop to 50% chance for a crash at 45 km/h.

The best-designed vehicle on the road protect car occupant wearing seat belts with speeds up to 70km/h in frontal impacts and up to 50 km/h in side impacts.

Statistic accuracy
Statistic if injuries is error prone in every country, and statistic for death is not always correctly reported in some countries. InIran, a study in Iran on a cohort of 9100 people found 119 traffic injury cases including 3 deaths which showed that the annual incidence (repeate dyearly) of all traffic injuries for 1000 population was between 10.8 and 15.6 and that of fatal traffic injuries was between 6.80 and 96.32 per 100 000 population. For motorcycles the yearly traffic injury 95 per 1000. This showed that official statistic may undereport road traffic issues.

While international harmonization of injuries statistic is not as easy as death statistics, modern crash statistics often focus on reportable injury crashes (which include deaths) rather than reporting on deaths alone. It is believed that serious crashes are often significantly under-reported, under-recorded and misclassified and that the completeness of reporting may vary over time and between sources.

In developed countries, around  75%  of traffic  accidents   are   reported.

Deaths in Europe
In Europe, death are mainly found by car occupants, pedestrians, Motorised two-wheeler  users, cyclist and Minibus,bus  occupant  and  heavy  commercial  vehicle  users.

The variety of road usage makes that a car driver can not only injury car occupants, but also other road users, including pedestrians. In Europe, death apply to car occupants (more than 50%), pedestrians (20%), otorised two-wheeler  users (17%), and cyclist (6%).

For international or intra-region comparison various metrics might be used:
 * Death is a reliable metric but does not take into account some factors such as the size of population, or the traveled distance
 * Death per million population allows comparing areas with different size, but does not take into account the traveled distance
 * Death per vehicle traveled distance is not always available, as this data is only available at state level, and only in 19 out of 27 EU states.
 * Death per passenger traveled distance is not always available.
 * Europe performed some statistics wit MAIS 3 injuries recently.

Injuries
For facial trauma, the  four  most  common  sources of injuries are Motor  Vehicle  Collision,  assault,  sports  and  falls ,. Nonetheless, usage of airbag   and   seatbelt   as the capacity to reduce  facial  fracture. But the increase of ΔV  (differential speed) might increase the figure,.

suggestions for Crash effect / Typical car crash
I believe the section related to crash should be increased by those points: should add some link to G-force as G-force might be involved in deceleration as explained in  two sources:
 * G-force
 * https://www.michigandriverimprovement.com/the-dynamics-of-a-car-crash-2.
 * http://www.floridadriver.com/src/English/Regular4/topic/chap02.html

should add some word to document in which time frame this happen. I assume this might be quantified; for instance a 3,6 km/h speed should be close to 1 meter par second, and 36 km/h speed should be close to 1 meter per 100 milliseconds, even if I also assume that with other factors the exact timing might be more complex.
 * timing

At least, this source deals with tenth of a second. It also provide another source that I cannot access.

According to Crash_test_dummy (but wikipedia is not an acceptable source) a typical crash last 100–150 millisecond.

I believe some words should be provided for each class of road users:
 * class of users
 * pedestrian, because even if only 20% of fatalities in Europe are pedestrian, this rate is 40% in Ghana https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276901604_EPIDEMIOLOGY_OF_ROAD_TRAFFIC_ACCIDENTS_IN_GHANA
 * car occupants, because even if only 10% of fatalities are caused to car occupant in Gnhana, this is about half of fatalities in Europe.

I assume some words should be given for various kind of road users. For instance some British data provides data in trips, kilometers and hours; see https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/sites/roadsafety/files/specialist/knowledge/pdf/pedestrians.pdf
 * risk by class of users

Injuries

 * crash with vulnerable users ( pedestrian and two wheels )
 * It looks like many cyclist are injured to Upper limb according to https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/ped_bike/docs/to3.pdf
 * It looks like many pedestrians are injured in the head (by a motor vehicle) or in lower limb; same source: https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/ped_bike/docs/to3.pdf

Other source seam to confirm that point:
 * for pedestrian injuries: https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/sites/roadsafety/files/injuries_study_2016.pdf
 * for cyclist injuries (same source)

The same source provide data for motorcycle injuries.

The article should also say that serious injuries might be counted by 24 hours period in hospital or by MAIS3+ (according to https://www.vias.be/publications/Hoe%20ernstig%20zijn%20de%20verwondingen%20van%20verkeersslachtoffers/How%20severe%20are%20the%20injuries%20of%20victims%20of%20road%20traffic%20accidents.pdf ).

And according to the WHO, 50 million people have non-fatal road traffic injuries each year (source WHO).

I believe some words should be added in the injuries section. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.67.188.170 (talk) 21:39, 16 April 2018 (UTC)

Source of '60 million deaths during the 20th century' statistic
This figure comes from an assumption that the proportion of all deaths caused by vehicle collisions was half of its 2001 value for the entire 20th century (according to the source spreadsheet), which seems unlikely to me. Is a more reliable source available? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.5.213.20 (talk) 20:08, 20 October 2021 (UTC)
 * I've remove the claim as it seems dubious and I don't think the source provided is sufficient for such a statement. Elli (talk &#124; contribs) 23:27, 20 October 2021 (UTC)

Requested move 30 March 2024

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: no consensus. No specific target proposed, and no participation in the discussion. Interested editors may open a new discussion at any time. (closed by non-admin page mover) BilledMammal (talk) 04:18, 7 April 2024 (UTC)

Epidemiology of motor vehicle collisions → ? – The use of the term "epidemiology" to refer to car crashes seems to be quite rare. Only one included ref actually does so, and it's not even in English. I found one paper from the '60s that did. Maybe there's more out there, but it's unclear what this article is actually covering, so I'll leave the proposed target up in the air. Maybe AFD would be better if this information is already covered elsewhere? Whichever the case, I don't think the current title makes any sense, especially without some sort of explanation how "epidemiology" even fits -- our article on the topic certainly doesn't offer any insight. 35.139.154.158 (talk) 01:34, 30 March 2024 (UTC) The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.