Talk:Holkham National Nature Reserve

TFAR
Today's featured article/requests/Holkham National Nature Reserve --Gerda Arendt (talk) 23:16, 18 December 2014 (UTC)

Early occupation of Norfolk
The article says: "Norfolk has a long history of human occupation. Both modern and Neanderthal people were present in the area between 100,000 and 10,000 years ago, before the last glaciation, and humans returned as the ice retreated northwards." This is misleading and based on a source which is unreliable for early occupation. NORFOLK ARCHAEOLOGICAL UNIT, Report No. 1045 says "By the end of the Hoxnian interglacial more modern species of humans (Homo sapiens and Homo sapiens Neanderthalis) began to occupy Norfolk." This is nonsense. The Hoxnian was 424,000 to 374,000 years ago, before the emergence of the Neanderthals and long before homo sapiens.

The earliest known Norfolk site is Happisburgh (too recently discovered for the source). The most recent authoritative survey, Pettit and White’s The British Palaeolithic, pp. 43 and 48, dates the site to over 800,000 years old and the occupants as homo antecessor. After this there appears to be little evidence of Norfolk sites until the late Neanderthals c.54,000 to 44,000 BP, with sites such as Lynford (pp. 328-329, 332). There are Norfolk sites for the first modern human occupation about 35,000 years ago (p. 389), but this ended by about 30,000 years ago as Britain became colder building up to the last glacial maximum c. 22,000 years BP (p. 422). As the climate warmed humans returned briefly to Britain, including Norfolk, around 14,000 years BP during the late Magdalenian, before the final ice age, the Younger Dryas, c. 12,890-11,650 BP (pp. 481, 489).

I am not sure how much of this is relevant to this article. My main point is that talking of modern and Neanderthals as if they were both present at the same time is misleading, and the timescale 100,000 to 10,000 years also makes no sense. Dudley Miles (talk) 19:33, 15 January 2015 (UTC)

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 * Added tag to http://www.naturalengland.org.uk/about_us/news/2011/120911.aspx
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 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.northnorfolk.org/coastal/189.asp
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