Talk:Homo erectus

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This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 20 August 2018 and 5 December 2018. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Okie333.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 23:48, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

2014 article on geometrical carvings
I thought this Discovery article might be of interest here. It discusses a 540,000-year old mollusk shell with geometrical carvings apparently made by Homo erectus. Bms4880 (talk) 19:19, 3 December 2014 (UTC)

"Potsherd"
Under "Use of fire" this article quotes Hominid Use of Fire, James. In Steven James' paper, he speaks of clay or ceramic clasts, but no where suggests that Homo erectus was making pottery or potsherds. I'm tagging it with "OR". Kortoso (talk) 23:49, 31 August 2015 (UTC)
 * What the heck, I just took it out, since the article doesn't mention it. Kortoso (talk) 16:04, 1 September 2015 (UTC)
 * Thanks for doing that. TimidGuy (talk) 16:13, 1 September 2015 (UTC)

Archive 1 summary
I went ahead and made the first archive. I skimmed through the whole thing (yeah, I guess I was procrastinating on something) and the only things that seemed to be unaddressed were a request for pictures of tools (not sure if that's even possible) and the extinction hypotheses, which is what personally drew me here. II | (t - c) 06:33, 6 October 2015 (UTC)

Extinction hypotheses
In the past, there have been a few requests for elaborating on extinction hypotheses. So the lead suggests that this may have been caused by Toba catastrophe theory, but it doesn't cite a source, and that page discusses the genetic bottleneck theory rather than hominim extinctions. The Hominina article repeats the Toba catastrophe claim, again without citations. Personally, I'm interested in the hypotheses for each of the extinctions.

Our prehistoric relatives also existed through the Quaternary extinction event.

One interesting article is Mankind's Genealogy: Theory and Facts which discusses sort of an odd "monocentric" versus "polycentric" approach:"The Neanderthals lost competition with the superior species, so, like all the preceding species, they quitted the “evolution arena” without leaving progeny. This monocentric point of view is still dominant in anthropology but it is not the only one: the theory of multiregional evolution has been gaining increasingly more supporters lately. According to it, Homo sapiens could have evolved both in Africa and in Eurasia – wherever Homo erectus settled and gradually and independently “sapiensated,” i.e. evolved towards the behaviorally and anatomically modern human. Suggesting that there were several, rather than one, center of anthropogenesis, this theory allows seeing the hominin evolution scale in a new light and further develop our ideas of how the humans made it to the very top" Note that it appears to be accepted these days that we have Neanderthal mixed in; at least that's what my genetic report says.

There is also the intereting Genetic traces of ancient demography which provides this mysterious quote:"'Most of the familiar specimens of Homo erectus and of archaic humans known from the Pleistocene were not members of populations ancestral to us, instead “the fate of most such populations appears to be tragic” (13)."

Digging up that cited article (13) Footprints of intragenic recombination at HLA loci, I found this conclusion: "The analysis suggests that the recombination rate between two sites 1000 base pairs apart is about 10–5 per generation and that the effective size of human populations (equivalent roughly to the number of breeding individuals in a randomly mating population) has dropped from 105 to 104 in most of the Quaternary. One possibility for this reduction is discussed." Unfortunately, I do not have access to this paper.

Perhaps referencing that research, I found IJN Thorpe's The ancient origins of warfare and violence which starts off be commenting on the genetic research estimates that Homo erectus declined precipitously (to about 1000 individuals) about 500,000 years ago, quoting a researcher who believes that Homo sapiens may have been responsible, although the author of the paper doesn't go into that hypothesis really (or seems skeptical of it)..

I hope to build on this and trace a bit better idea of where the current research is pointing. II | (t - c) 07:02, 6 October 2015 (UTC)

Someone needs to find out when the youngest Homo erectus fossil was found and it's age. It says at the top that it was 35k BP. Aside from that one reference, the rest of the article talks about stuff that happened at least a million years before. Arglebargle79 (talk) 20:29, 27 April 2017 (UTC)

The first sentence says, "nearly extinct." I don't think that belongs, but I left it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.9.112.135 (talk) 00:33, 22 May 2018 (UTC)

Redirects section
Hi. For such an important page detailing human evolution, should the redirects section include things like "For the seahorse species, see Hippocampus erectus. For the 2007 comedy film, see Homo Erectus (film)." I havn't used the Talk feature of Wikipedia before, so apologies if this is not the right place for my query. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.101.155.3 (talk) 15:08, 20 October 2015 (UTC)

Previously referred taxa
The speculation about Homo floriensis and orang pendek is unsourced OR and pseudoscience. Concur on removal? Kortoso (talk) 19:19, 30 March 2016 (UTC)
 * Cryptid nonsense should always be immediately deleted. 98.67.182.113 (talk) 13:26, 7 June 2016 (UTC)

Cooking July 2016
I edited the "Cooking" section to reflect the sentence and reference immediately above in the "Use of fire" section. The references in the text were from 2009, 1986, and 1972. I can not believe that a 44 year reference contains contemporary facts, and the conclusions drawn from them. Every reference in the "Use of fire" section is more recent then the two references to support the "not generally accepted" statement (that I removed). How can a thirty year old reference support what is currently generally accepted?!? So I removed the text, and replaced it with new text and a reference from 2015. That should be indicative of current thinking. Nick Beeson (talk) 17:06, 17 July 2016 (UTC)


 * I removed this text—
 * And Fire There is no archaeological evidence that Homo erectus cooked their food. The idea has been suggested,&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; but is not generally accepted.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Physical description?
No section for this yet. A study throws cold water on the estimate of Turkana boy's maximum adult stature: Just how strapping was KNM-WT 15000? Kortoso (talk) 18:17, 19 October 2016 (UTC)


 * Would love to see that. It's what I came looking for. Jonathan Tweet (talk) 02:43, 21 February 2017 (UTC)
 * I also came to the article to see how large they were compared to us.PopSci (talk) 01:58, 3 May 2018 (UTC)
 * From what I gathered from different sources over the years they pretty much were like us modern humans though they had a huge brow ridge and almost no forehead, with a jaw that stuck out. I can think of people that superficially look similar, and the Kow Swamp skulls are an instance of that, so they probably would be able to walk around in a large city just fine in modern clothing. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 137.118.100.41 (talk) 01:44, 1 November 2018 (UTC)

lead should summarize topic
The lead should summarize the topic and be able to stand alone as a concise summary of the article. This one only covers the technical topics of defining or classifying H erectus but never describes what the H erectus were, e.g. social, tool-using humans who spread across Asia. Jonathan Tweet (talk) 02:45, 21 February 2017 (UTC)

Documentaries about homo erectus
I'm not sure if a list of videos about homo erectus would be a good idea as a section in this article or as a separate page, but I think it's really useful to have a list with such resources. I've found the following videos on YouTube: —  Ark25  (talk) 19:09, 16 May 2017 (UTC)
 * BBC Planet of the Apemen Battle for Earth 1of2 Homo Erectus
 * First Humans Episode 2 - Birth of Homo Erectus

1.89 million and 143.000
http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/species/homo-erectus

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021562 — Preceding unsigned comment added by Nhannhan1 (talk • contribs) 18:20, 17 May 2017 (UTC)


 * Apparently, it went extinct in Java, Indonesia only about 100,000 years ago, cohabitating the island with modern humans:, . This shows once again that human evolution was not a linear progression, but a complex web of interspecies. Cheers, Rowan Forest (talk) 18:51, 19 December 2019 (UTC)

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Homo capensis
When searching for homo capensis I was lead to this article, where it isn't mentioned at all. However I think it deserves its own page, not only because there is a lot of conspiracy theories about of this purported species, but more importantly because people claim skulls from the species actually exist in museums in Peru. These skulls eerily remind you of human skulls, except for the way that they are elongated into coneheads. However because of the anatomy of those skulls, there is reason to believe that they are in fact not artificially elongated, like alluded to in the article about the human Paracas culture—where such elongation isn't mentioned at all except for a single link to the Wikipedia article about artificial cranial deformation. Additionally there are other differences in the skull that indicate that it belonged to another species entirely. On top of that, an independent DNA test has purportedly shown that this species was indeed unable to breed with humans. The conspiracy theory—which I think also deserves mention—is the claim that this species had a higher intelligence than regular humans, and thus used it to control them, and in fact that they might even do it to this day. Now, of course, I don't believe any of that hokey pokey, but I think the information, and the fact that these skulls actually exist, makes it interesting enough to deserve its own page, or possibly as an addition to the article about the Paracas culture. Kebman (talk) 06:52, 6 January 2018 (UTC)

The proper target for Homo capensis is Boskop Man. Afaik on purely morphological grounds, "Capoids" (Khoi-San) arguably qualify as a separate species of Homo, but for obvious reasons anthropologists are reluctant to there. I would be interested in references for the things you mention, especially the DNA test. --dab (𒁳) 10:41, 3 September 2018 (UTC)
 * The Griquas (a Dutch-Khoikhoi mix) are one good reason not to separate off the Khoisan peoples. The problem is that there are two many species concepts for species to be a secure concept. RichardW57 (talk) 00:41, 24 April 2019 (UTC)
 * Khoi-san qualify as a separate species of Homo? WTF? Are you serious? I knew you had descended into alti-right style racism lately, but that is extreme even for alt right types. There is absolutely no criterion under which that argument can be supported.·maunus · snunɐɯ· 11:25, 3 September 2018 (UTC)
 * Point being is even if they somehow were another species of human (which they ain't even a different subspecies), they are still fully human. Much like Neanderthal, and other modern people groups.137.118.100.41 (talk) 01:25, 1 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Major races of H. Sapiens are not materially different from what we call subspecies in other taxa. --Ghirla-трёп- 21:14, 6 September 2018 (UTC)
 * Except that there are no scientifically recognized "major races" of Homo sapiens and therefore the argument is void. Considering human continental populations to be close to subspecies is an extreme position that is ont found within any mainstream works on human biological diversity since the 1960s. Dab's claim goes beyond even that to segregate Khoisan people as a separate species - not even subspecies. And he uses innuendo of political correctnes to smear the integrity of the entire field of paleoanthropology as being primarily politically motivated when they confirm the fact that Khoisan people are of course homo sapiens in every thinkable definition of that word. ·maunus · snunɐɯ· 11:50, 5 November 2018 (UTC)
 * "I knew you had descended into alti-right style racism lately". This is unacceptable behavior on Wikipedia. I have observed you have gone off the deep end with the politicization of anthropology, but this is beyond the pale, and should properly be dealt with on an administrative level under WP:NPA.
 * I have no interest in "racism" whatsoever, you are the one who keeps dragging it into anthropological discussion. Your "WTF?" is what I mean by "obvious reasons", objective classification of Homo has become a political minefield because of misguided ideological hysteria as exhibited by you. That's fine. What isn't "fine" is your smear-campaign against perfectly reasonable anthropology which just so happens to use terminology some people have decided is now "racist" beginning c. 2010. This is insane. "Racism" is an ideology attaching value judgement to racial classification. I invite you to show any statement by me that makes such value judgements. It is you who appears to keep implying that it isn't possible to make biological distinctions without attaching value judgements. You seem to be railing against your own conclusions by projecting them onto me. At the very least, you aren't attacking me for any position I either hold or have expressed.
 * Ghirla's statement is correct, the major races of H. sapiens would normally be categorized as subspecies, and on their extreme ends possibly as species. Any palaeoanthropologist will be aware of this as a perfectly unremarkable fact. The reason this is not done is proper caution, because the "Maunuses" of this world will become apoplectic over any possibly dubious proposal regarding classification of Homo, while they will not be bothered in the least over similar classification of Corvus or Canis etc. --dab (𒁳) 10:32, 5 November 2018 (UTC)
 * No both his statement and yours is uninformed in the extreme about the way that paleoanthropologists make taxonomical decisions. You cannot find a single paleoanthropological mainstream work that would support your claim that Khoisan peoples could be meaningfully set off from Homo sapiens as either a subspecies or a separate species within the genus. The claim is uite frankly ludicrous, and can only be found in the most ideologically colored webfora on the extreme right. ·maunus · snunɐɯ· 11:53, 5 November 2018 (UTC)
 * >No mainstream work claims Khoisan can be set off as a genetic group.
 * >https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms2140
 * Why is Maunus lying? 146.255.14.121 (talk) 08:39, 6 November 2018 (UTC)
 * That's one of the most ridiculous, knee-jerk extreme-left reactions to a reasonable scientific view that differs from your own that I've ever read on Wiki TP's. No one was being "racist" in any way whatsoever. This comment was made a little while back, and I hope since then you have calmed down and don't react in personal rants again during a rational discussion of the improvement of an article. 50.111.22.12 (talk) 07:58, 30 March 2019 (UTC)
 * That article makes absolutely no suggestion that Khoisan peoples are not full and entire members of the species Homo sapiens, nor does it suggest that Homo sapiens have any extant subspecies. And you would frankly not be able to publish an argument to the contrary in a respectable journal today (nor in 2012). ·maunus · snunɐɯ· 11:14, 1 April 2021 (UTC)

Rephrased sentences
I rephrased the following sentences from this:

"There is very little evidence for religion among Homo erectus, however there is a possibility. However, due to the span of time most religious artifacts would not have survived, and as their descendants; Homo naledi, and Homo neanderthalensis/sapiens have religious or pre-religious behavior, it is possible that this species had it as well."

to this:

"There is very little evidence for religion among Homo erectus, though there is a possibility of it. Due to the span of time, most religious artifacts would not have survived; however, as their descendants, Homo naledi and Homo neanderthalensis/sapiens, have religious or pre-religious behavior, it is feasible that this species had it as well."

Please let me know if I did anything wrong in changing the wording of these sentences. (I'm safely assuming that I did nothing wrong in changing the first sentence's space/punctuation issues.) (Edit: Added italics to unedited sentence.) (Further edit in article as well as here: changed italics so that slash from "neanderthalensis/sapiens" was not in italics.)--Thylacine24 (talk) 20:14, 19 August 2019 (UTC)

Erectus Origin Hypotheses
I am writing regarding some of my recent edits which you seem to have undone. I restored some of them with an attempt to explain my changes the edit notes. I will attempt to explain here as well: You removed the ref I had added from Rightmire from the African origin hypothesis section. I added it back, because there seemed no reason to delete it since it posits that Erectus evolved in Africa and thus is a relevant ref.

Regarding the two places where the Wood interview was cited:

You added back the interview with Bernard Wood to a section mentioning the likely descent of later hominids (like Neanderthals, Sapiens, and Denisova etc.) from Erectus. I removed the ref from this location because, as I had mentioned in a previous edit note, it (that source/interview) does not discuss the descent of those hominids from H. erectus but is rather about the possible origins of erectus and early Homo. Thus the Wood interview ref was not relevant in that context.

You removed my section further down (described as an additional disclaimer) on the Wood interview. And I see your point and can agree that there is no need for additional disclaimers, so I have not added that section back. I had previously removed the Wood interview ref (you had added) as a citation for the Asian origin hypothesis, but I have added it back (to that section). Skllagyook (talk) 08:00, 11 October 2019 (UTC)

It is completely unknown whether H. erectus "evolved" in Africa or Eurasia. Part of the reason is that it is completely unknown at what point H. erectus is supposed to have emerged. Some experts wish to include H. habilis in H. erectus -- in this case, probably Africa. Others consider H. habilis a separate species from H. erectus, or even make the distinction between H. erectus and H. ergaster. In this case: H. ergaster in Africa, H. erectus in Asia.

The problem here is not that this is unknown, or perhaps even just a question of definitions or semantics. The problem begins when people begin to "treat references as soldiers" in support of their favourite viewpoint.

You make very clear that this is what you are doing when you say "it posits that Erectus evolved in Africa and thus is a relevant ref." This is not how it works. A given reference is not "relevant" because it "posits" any given viewpoint, even a completely mainstream one. It is "relevant" if it is a scholarly publication by experts in the field. Now a reference like
 * "https://www.downtoearth.org.in/interviews/science-technology/-it-is-perfectly-possible-that-homo-genus-evolved-in-asia--54458"

is not "relevant". It is a journalistic interview with an expert, and if you want to represent this expert's viewpoint, kindly cite his own publications directly. Our articles on scientific (or any scholarly) topics are not based on journalists interviewing scholars, they are based on publications by scholars. Scholars are, as it were by definition, perfectly capable of making their views known without the help of journalists. --dab (𒁳) 14:12, 7 November 2019 (UTC)

This article states, "If considering Homo erectus in its strict sense (that is, as referring to only the Asian variety) no consensus has been reached as to whether it is ancestral to H. sapiens or any later human species," with a "citation needed" tag. This contradicts the article Human taxonomy which states, "Homo erectus is widely recognized as the species directly ancestral to Homo sapiens." There is no citation directly after the sentence in the "human taxonomy" article. The next sources after that sentence are and. I searched a few keywords in the former link, but the latter is a book preview and I couldn't find a search feature that only applied to that book. Which of the two statements are correct? Nine hundred ninety-nine (talk) 02:14, 12 January 2020 (UTC)

Species articles written in singular form
This article is about a single species and therefore should be written in the singular form, not the plural. See Homo sapiens, Australopithecus afarensis, and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) for other hominin examples. Cheers, Jack (talk) 10:23, 6 April 2020 (UTC)
 * I mean there's no real prescribed policy on using singular vs plural (just that you stay consistent within the article), but if we're trying to set a precedent for archaic humans, Neanderthal, which just got to GA yesterday, uses plural  User:Dunkleosteus77 &#124;push to talk 12:53, 6 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the reply. I've continued the conversation at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Palaeontology. Cheers, Jack (talk) 10:35, 7 April 2020 (UTC)

Status of heidelbergensis
Does anyone actually use the subspecies classification H. e. heidelbergensis anymore? I can't recall even one paper using the subspecies name  User:Dunkleosteus77 &#124;push to talk 22:29, 8 April 2020 (UTC)
 * I'm fairly sure heidelbergensis is considered a separate species. Hemiauchenia (talk) 19:28, 16 April 2020 (UTC)

Two concerns
Before concentrated effort is laid on this article to get it to GA/FA level, which I'm sure is a goal for the future, I would like to raise two main concerns which I think should be resolved; Ichthyovenator (talk) 14:36, 5 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Scope: There is some debate in regards to what H. erectus should encompass; whether it should be seen as an adaptive grade of archaic hominins throughout Eurasia and Africa (H. erectus sensu lato) or as a solely Southeast Asian species probably not ancestral to H. sapiens (H. erectus sensu stricto). Obviously the article should present and discuss both views but it needs to focus on one of them since it has implications for what to elaborate on extensively and what to disregard. It seems that the article at the moment is going with the sensu lato approach but it should be made clear that this is not a universal view before statements such as "earliest occurrence about 2 mya" and "Homo erectus was the first human ancestor to spread throughout the Old World, having a distribution in Eurasia extending from the Iberian peninsula to Java"; which are not true if you go with the sensu stricto approach. I'd argue that this article should give more weight to the Asian fossils in order to avoid major overlap with the Homo ergaster article and the article on the Dmanisi hominins (an article I'm working on now). These articles would still work as articles independent of this one if the 100 % consensus in the future becomes to synonymize, just under titles like "African Homo erectus" and "Georgian Homo erectus". However, which approach is taken doesn't really matter to me as long as the scope is made clear. It's also important since H. erectus sensu lato is a chronospecies, but H. erectus sensu stricto is not.
 * Taxonomy: It says the subspecies have varying levels of recognition, but are the many Asian subspecies really still considered valid? I haven't seen many references to "Homo erectus yuanmouensis" or "Homo erectus lantianensis" in recent works. Also, what happens to Homo erectus tautavelensis if one follows the sensu stricto approach?
 * I think "Homo erectus" just by itself is a vague term, which is why we always see it with s.l. or s.s. so I think leaving it at the broadest level is the best way to approach. I haven't touched H. erectus taxonomy and I don't see subspecies names used very often (and a lot not at all) so I can't really speak for the validity of any of the listed subspecies  User:Dunkleosteus77 &#124;push to talk 15:14, 5 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Yeah, that's true, and I certainly won't object seeing as that's the way it's often used in the literature as well. I just think that it should be made clear that this is the approach taken before something like "Homo erectus was the first human ancestor to spread throughout the Old World, having a distribution in Eurasia extending from the Iberian peninsula to Java" is presented without any note that this depends on what you think H. erectus is. If nothing else (since I can see how that might make the lede messy), s.l. and s.s. should at least be brought up at some point in the lede since there is no mention there of differing definitions and ideas on what the species actually encompasses at the moment. On the subspecies; yeah I wasn't calling anyone out, just noting that it needs to be addressed when you or someone else gets to work on taxonomy. Ichthyovenator (talk) 15:48, 5 June 2020 (UTC)

Remove "Jewish".
I note the the religion of other anthropologists is not identified. How is it relevant to the article's content that Weidenreich is Jewish? I note that in 1935 Germany was ruled by NAZIs. "In 1935, Jewish German anthropologist Franz Weidenreich speculated..." Lou (talk) 19:16, 13 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Jewish is an ethnicity  User:Dunkleosteus77 &#124;push to talk 19:26, 13 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Better to just not mention the ethnicity at all. Eleuther (talk) 19:46, 13 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Generally in paleontology articles we mention this and occupation when introducing a person (like instead of saying "Alan Grant discovered a velociraptor" we say "American paleontologist Alan Grant") but I guess it's not a rule  User:Dunkleosteus77 &#124;push to talk 19:56, 13 July 2020 (UTC)

Absolutely no need for references to anyone's faith, or ethnicity, for that matter. Tp3lg (talk) 19:52, 25 September 2021 (UTC)

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Synonyms Section
That section is weird. One of the blue links goes to Tighennif which is a town in Algeria. Another thing is that it links to subspecies.CycoMa (talk) 20:08, 4 October 2021 (UTC)

H. erectus subspp.?
Hello, I wouldn't normally leave a message like this but this is a question I've had for a long while: what's the deal with the H. erectus subspp. names listed here? No modern literature even acknowledges the subspp. names listed here and groups most under H. erectus or H. sapiens, ditching the trinomial names. For example, two (|1 and |2) detailed analyses on the Peking Man investigation published August of this year fail to mention Homo erectus pekinensis as even existing, which leads me to believe it is disused or invalid, or possibly both. I have similar concerns for "Homo erectus naledi", which isn't mentioned on any other website and lacks a citation. Shouldn't these be removed as they're either obsolete, disused or outdated (and vice versa)? Just food for thought. MrSpikesss (talk) 17:56, 6 November 2021 (UTC)
 * Here's one that uses pekinensis from 2020. But the entire Taxonomy section needs to be reworked; "H. e. naledi" and "H. e. antecessor" are not real names, and there have been no arguments to subsume any of the listed species as subspecies of H. erectus  User:Dunkleosteus77 &#124;push to talk 23:21, 6 November 2021 (UTC)

Thanks for the info. MrSpikesss (talk) 13:02, 7 November 2021 (UTC)
 * Feel free to fix or delete whatever you see fit  User:Dunkleosteus77 &#124;push to talk 18:42, 7 November 2021 (UTC)

My evaluation (Anth 153)
"Which article are you evaluating?" The article I'm evaluating is the Homo Erectus Article. (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_erectus)

"Why have you chosen this article to evaluate?" I may as well get to know one of the early human species, as the course that assigned this exercise is a course on the Genus Homo. From a quick glance, I had a good feeling about this article, as it already seemed detailed enough. The evaluation will determine whether I was right or not.

-Evaluation Lead: The first sentence gave me exactly the summary information I needed about the topic. Links about its origins, connections with other similar categories (connections and descendants) have been present all throughout, but are crucial resources. Despite plenty of details, it's concise enough to get a basic point across.

Content: The content that Is present is indeed relevant to the topic, as Homo Erectus is known as the ancestor to other species. From Anatomical details to changes in understanding of the species, it's as up-to-date as an article can be. However, there are some points that require either clarification, or are perhaps missing citations. One paragraph in particular relies on just one source, but this one source addressed equity gaps, as comparisons are only done among one overly represented population.

Tone and Balance: The article is neutral, and even uses academic journals to clear up any flaws made by previous researchers, which can address changes in over and underrepresentation. No persuasion has been found either.

Sources and References: Most paragraphs include a number of articles, which have proven to be reliable and up-to-date. It even gives names of notable researchers, as well as links to information on them. Articles have been used from 1975 to present day, most of which were made between 2010-2021, so the article seems to be updated. Organization and writing quality: Headings and Subheadings are perfect for organizing articles, and this one makes good use of them. Writing is of high quality, and it's easy to understand and loaded with links to references and other entries within Wikipedia, perfect for those who need to expand their search.

Images and Media: Images are detailed and serve as examples of some of the topic's key discussions. There's some extra images relating to the article in the gallery as well, so there's a decent abundance of imagery.

Talk page discussion: Some discussions are labeled as active, so a lot of work is still being done. Previous discussions addressed the deletion of some sources, which reflect the article's early stages, when all sources have been analyzed.

Overall impression: Overall, I can put my trust in this article. It has plenty of information and references as well as their links to verify. Some clarification on some subtopics are necessary, but these are flaws we can fix with some research. The article is still well developed, but not yet complete, since the topic is that of ancient people. H3R05 D1A2 (Hydra) (talk) 07:36, 14 April 2022 (UTC)

Self sufficient at birth?
"In earlier populations, brain development seemed to cease early in childhood, suggesting that offspring were largely self-sufficient at birth" This is nuts. It isn't true of any other apes, and isn't even true of monkeys. I suggest deletion unless a solid reference is produced immediately. Fig (talk) 17:49, 31 August 2023 (UTC)