Talk:Neural plate

Educational assignment
Jilliansbaker (talk) 21:07, 26 February 2013 (UTC) Kmcging (talk) 17:01, 14 March 2013 (UTC) Olefsky (talk) 17:02, 14 March 2013 (UTC)


 * Welcome Jilliansbaker! Please remember that Wikipedia is not an academic paper or essay. Wikipedia articles should not be based on WP:primary sources, but on reliable, published secondary sources (for instance, journal reviews and professional or advanced academic textbooks) and, to a lesser extent, on tertiary sources (such as undergraduate textbooks). WP:MEDRS describes how to identify reliable sources for medical information, which is a good guideline for many psychology articles as well. With friendly regards,  Lova Falk     talk   08:26, 27 February 2013 (UTC)

Sources to be Consulted
--N1424 (talk) 23:41, 11 March 2013 (UTC)
 * Developmental mechanisms directing early anterior forebrain specification in vertebrates.
 * Following the fate of neural progenitors by homotopic/homochronic grafts in Xenopus embryos.
 * Neural tube closure: the curious case of shrinking junctions.
 * | Neural plate patterning: Upstream and downstream of the isthmic organizer. — Preceding unsigned comment added by N1424 (talk • contribs) 16:48, 14 March 2013 (UTC)
 * "Gene Expression in the Embryonic Nervous System of Xenopus laevis"
 * "A transiently expressed connexin is essential for anterior neural plate development in Ciona intestinalis."
 * "Experimental Analyses of the Shaping of the Neural Plate and Tube"


 * Hi ! I have some doubts about Neural tube closure: the curious case of shrinking junctions, because the abstract says: "A new study identifies a key molecular link..." Not a reliable secondary source! The links to the three sources at the bottom lead to Boston College Community - if you use these articles as sources please change the url so the articles (or abstracts) can be accessed also by all of us who cannot log into Boston College Community!  Lova Falk     talk   09:10, 14 March 2013 (UTC)
 * Thank you for the feedback, Lova. We certainly understand your concerns, and such links will be used to further our own understanding of the topic before we can present a more holistic presentation while maintaining transparency with our professor about what we are working on.  We'll also work to find links accessible to the whole community, thanks much for pointing that out as well! --N1424 (talk) 23:34, 21 March 2013 (UTC)

Intro Paragraph
In embryology, the formation of the neural plate is the first step of the process of neurulation. Opposite the primitive streak in the embryo, ectodermal tissue thickens and flattens to become the neural plate. Cells take on a columnar appearance in the process, as they continue to lengthen and narrow, pushing the ends of the plate up. The neural plate precedes the neural tube, critical to brain development.

Critical to the proper folding and function of the neural plate is N-cadherin, a type of cadherin protein associated with the nervous system. N-cadherin is critical to holding neural plate cells together. Additionally, cells destined to become neural plate cells express Nerve Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) to further neural plate cohesion. Another cadherin, E-cadherin, is expressed by ectodermal cells in the process of neural plate development. Expression of these proteins is essential to neural plate folding and subsequent neural tube formation. --N1424 (talk) 02:01, 23 March 2013 (UTC)

Expanding on Development
There are two general layers in the ""neural plate"": neural ectoderm and head mesenchyme. The neural ectoderm is where the future CNS tissues will be derived. Head mesenchyme is where future mesodermal tissues will be derived.

During neurulation, there are two processes that make up this: primary and secondary. In primary neurulation, the creation of the neural tube, neural crest, and epidermis all occur. Apicobasal thickening and cell elongation occurs, which is followed by the formation of the future MHP (wedge shaped). In secondary neurulation, a continuing formation of the neural tube occurs in the more posterior region of the embryo. The posterior region of the neural tube is formed from a solid mass of cells. Expand upon: shaping, folding, elongation, and convergence. MHP formation: anchoring, wedging, furrowing.

The neural plate has presumptive epidermis, which is the furthest laterally from the future MHP. THe presumptive neural plate is in the middle. Ecad is expressed in the epidermal regions, and Ncad is expressed in the neural plate regions.

Cell interactions and signaling
BMP attenuation induces apical cell constriction, which forces nuclei to be more basal, the same activity seen in endogenous hinge points. Expand on SMADs, BMPs, and PAR complexes.

Comparison across species
The neural tube closes differently in humans versus chick. In humans, the neural tube fuses together from a central region of the embryo and moves outwards. In chick, the neural folds come together in an anterior to posterior fashion.

In newt and general amphibian embryos, cell division is not a driving role in morphogenesis. Newt embryo cells are much larger and exhibit egg pigmentation to distinguish cells from each other. The newt neural plate doubles in length, decreases in apical width, and increases in thickness. The plate edges rise dorsally and fold toward the midline to form the neural tube. The apical surface area decreases.

In chick, the neural plate increases length, decreases in apical width, and the thickness of the plate does not change that much. As the neural plate progresses through the Hamburger-Hamilton stages, the plate thickens until about HH6-7, until the neural plate begins to fold into a tube form. The apical surface area increases during neurulation, unlike amphibian embryos. In mouse, there is a large convex shaped curve to each side of the middle of the plate. This curve has to be reversed as the plate rolls together to form the neural tube.

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/dgd.12030/full

Olefsky (talk) 17:38, 22 March 2013 (UTC)

Changes in Article
Today, I rearranged info within the intro paragraph and added information in cell signaling. --N1424 (talk) 16:55, 4 April 2013 (UTC) I went through and edited the info so far, cleaned up references, and added the image Mcging posted. --N1424 (talk) 23:54, 5 April 2013 (UTC)

Full journal citations
Please use full journal citations, not just a url to the journal article.Smallman12q (talk) 12:27, 10 April 2013 (UTC)

KMaher123
Hey guys! Great page overall – you added a lot more content than when I last took a look at it, and all of it is really good! (I’m from the neural fold group, so that’s why I've been creeping on your page). Here are just a few picky edits to make your page read a little more smoothly – feel free to use them or not! Again, great job!

For your intro, you can actually fix the red link that you have! This came up on our page. There is a section in the neurulation page that deals with primary neurulation; you can link to it by typing this: primary neurulation. Also, if you could fix the phasing in the intro, that would improve it a lot (the flow is a little rough). For example, maybe you could write “Signaling proteins are important in neural plate development, and are involved in differentiation the tissue destined to become the neural plate.” Honestly, that was the biggest problem I saw on your page, and that’s really not anything very major!

I love the “Involvement in Primary Neurulation” section! You explain the process really well, well done! The only thing I would suggest for that section would be to include more internal links to other Wikipedia pages, since you don’t seem to have any in that part, but all your content is stellar!

For the Development section, if you could write “medial hinge point (MHP) cells” the first time you mention them, that would make it a lot clearer when you refer to them later.

And finally, for Comparison Across Species, “chickens” might be a better term than chick, since you’re talking about the bird as a species – just a thought though, so feel free to ignore it. Also, the last paragraph in this section doesn’t have a citation, so if it is the same citation as the paragraph above, you could move the citation down to the end, to make it clear.

Again, great job guys! KMaher123 (talk) 00:35, 14 April 2013 (UTC)

Therazzz
Hey guys, I'm going to fix your citations first and then critique the content itself.Therazzz (talk) 00:54, 14 April 2013 (UTC)

So I changed up the citations to be more formal for journals. The one link reference was broken or something so I couldn't find the article to change it up. I got rid of the dead external links (I just put them in comments for example <! --You can't see this-- > (if the spaces aren't after the ! and before the >. I added a bunch more links, and I fixed some of the stuff User:KMaher123 brought up like the MHP, and chicken references. There are a bunch of paragraphs that I put some after them since there's just no references or anything. I think I only fixed wording on one thing. Also the small introduction should probably be changed so it's much more accessible to people who don't know much dev. bio. And it should be Active as in "The Neural Plate is" instead of "blah blah blah is the neural plate".

Okay, now that that's out of the way, it's legit, has a ton of useful information and great images! I think all that needs to be changed is wording and citations, but everything there is super sweet.Therazzz (talk) 03:06, 14 April 2013 (UTC)

Dfern92
What's up guys? I just have a few comments to make on your awesome page. Like Therazzz mentioned, try starting off the beginning with "The Neural Plate is" since it is the main topic of the article and you want it to be the centerpiece to anyone who reads it. Second, try saying that BMP is Bone Morphogenic Proteins in the Cell Signaling section for the readers without a background in biology. I did notice that there is a link in the intro to the actual page so maybe say in parenthesis that its abbreviation is BMP. Third, the last paragraph of the Cell Signaling section could use a little more explanation in order to connect the expressed proteins and mrna to what is happening with the plate. The last thing I wanted to mention was that the last few sentences in the second paragraph of the Comparison of Species section were a little too short. Maybe they can be put together to give more continuity to the passage. Other than that, it was a very interesting read and I am totally looking forward to how this page will look in the future. Dfern92 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 03:43, 14 April 2013 (UTC)

KIMADM
Hey guys, first of all, great job ! I really like the primary and secondary processes described. I thought it was clear and simple as wikipedia should be! In the intro paragraph, even though it has great informations, I thought it was not really clear what the topic is to be explained. For cell interaction and signaling, if it is to have it's own headings, how about more information? More specific information would be really good ! Also, I agree that instead of MHP, full name would be preferable. For the comparison section, I though it could contain more information based on what is on there !

I really liked the page, and overall, I think the flow and the connectivity between the each information sentences could be improved including the headings ! Great job ! It was really interesting. KIMADM (talk) 10:25, 16 April 2013 (UTC)