Talk:Statistical randomness

Global vs. local ?
I'm not exactly sure of the distinction between local and global randomness. I haven't found many references to those in theory (well, not with google at least). It seems to me that a "globally random" sequence will have some subsequences that wouldn't be considered random, but I can we say that that sequence isn't "locally random" ? Isn't it just a question of sample size ? or of sample / subsample ?

Anyway, the current use seems a bit confusing. It "seems" that "local randomness" is sometimes used to mean "statistical randomness" - or maybe something like "does not exhibit any "small scale" patterns ?

Yeah, maybe it's just a distinction on the size of the patterns being checked for. That makes sense. Flammifer 07:30, 28 August 2005 (UTC)


 * Local randomness, as originally defined by Kendall and Babington, refers to the lowest threshold at which equiprobability and whatever other properties you are looking for can be found. In their own random number table of 100,000 digits, it was locally random as low as intervals of 1,000 digits (though a few intervals were less "random" than others and they advised not to use them alone). The contrast would be a definition of "randomness" used by philosophers and many mathematicians which specifies that if all events are independently randomly determined, then no sequence is more probable than another. But with this you end up with the problem of induction -- there's no way to test for "randomness", and it requires complete faith that your method is generating independently random digits. This approach is often used by philosophers and psychologists when they want to make fun of the RAND statisticians who put together A Million Random Digits with 100,000 Normal Deviates; the fellows saw somewhat "patchy" distributions in their data (not patterns per se, but coming close to failing a chi-square test) and so they "re-randomized" it. The philosophers and psychologists say, "Ha, they don't even know that randomness means that they could have entire stretches of zeroes and it would still be random if the method was random!" Of course the philosophers and psychologists don't understand that by "random" the statisticians meant "locally random" in this sense. Much less that such sequences would be worthless to them, much less that a series of hetereogenous digits is more likely than one of homogenous ones. But anyway, I hope this explains a bit. If you send me an e-mail, I can send you a whole paper on the history of this. :) --Fastfission 02:58, 8 September 2005 (UTC)
 * At least, that's what Kendall and Smith meant when they created the concept of "local randomness" in 1939. I'm not a statistician so I can't tell you if that's how it is currently used. --Fastfission 03:03, 8 September 2005 (UTC)

Sample "Random" data
For example, here is an image of 10000 points essentially stemming out of the Pari/GP random number function.

You can notice the "fractal"-like patterns/periodicity.--Billymac00 (talk) 20:07, 18 January 2009 (UTC)

Please add.
Please add references to Wide Sense Stationary and Stationary Processes, as these are one set of common synonyms of terms. LoneRubberDragon (talk) 10:24, 26 February 2010 (UTC)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stationary_process

Randomness of π
Is it true that π exhibits statistical randomness as is purported in the following sentence:

"...sequences such as the results of an ideal die roll, or the digits of π exhibit statistical randomness[citation needed]."

I know for sure that such claim is a proposal written by Yadolah Dodge in "A Natural Random Number Generator" but I don't know if someone has taken millions/billions of digits through the appropriate tests.

Anyone to shed light into this issue?

216.18.212.218 (talk) 22:11, 27 September 2010 (UTC) Robert Smith

need defining cite
The lead's first sentence is essentially a definition but its reference, at best, only implies one. The reference is useful but belongs somewhere else in the article. For a definition, a more explicit reference should be cited. Nick Levinson (talk) 01:35, 4 February 2018 (UTC)