Template talk:Physical culture

There were a lot of strongmen, loosely connected with physical culture such as Ivan Poddubny, Georg Lurich, Alexander Zass, Hermann Görner, John Grimek, Apollon (strongman), Aleksander Aberg, Hermann Görner etc but most of them did not publish anything in regard to physical culture so I believe they should be excluded from this list. Psychologist Guy (talk) 23:39, 14 April 2019 (UTC)


 * Mark Berry (author), Alan Calvert, Thomas Inch, Harry Paschall and William Pullum were all notable proponents of physical culture. I will add them to the list but their articles might need some improvements first. Psychologist Guy (talk) 00:04, 15 April 2019 (UTC)


 * Happy to support you in these decisions. What is the argument for excluding strongmen who were not authors: do we mean that PC is a literary genre? Perhaps we should (find sources that) define PC more sharply. Chiswick Chap (talk) 07:38, 15 April 2019 (UTC)


 * The list is becoming fairly long, and 'alphabetic' is rather a weak structuring principle. We could group by region (USA, Europe, India); by date; possibly by school. Ideas? Chiswick Chap (talk) 07:41, 15 April 2019 (UTC)


 * Yes I support your edits on the region idea. My understanding is that physical culture (pc) was a health and strength training movement supported mainly through literature, especially mail order programmes. Bernarr Macfadden for example, started the Physical Culture magazine that had many contributors and his own publishing company. The movement was associated with bodybuilding, gymnastics, natural hygiene and vegetarianism, etc. If you look at the Physical Culture Books website, it lists most of the authors in the movement. We have Wikipedia articles for most of them. The physical culture article needs to be improved, perhaps I will get round to that some time.

Good scholarly sources:

Books Papers
 * Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska. Managing the Body: Beauty, Health, and Fitness in Britain 1880-1939, 2010.
 * James C. Whorton. Crusaders for Fitness: The History of American Health Reformers, 1982.
 * Chapter Muscular Vegetarianism (pp. 183-203). In Adam D. Shprintzen's The Vegetarian Crusade: The Rise of an American Reform Movement, 1817-1921.
 * Shelly McKenzie. Getting Physical: The Rise of Fitness Culture in America, 2013.
 * Jonathan Black. Making the American Body: The Remarkable Saga of the Men and Women Whose Feats, Feuds, and Passions Shaped Fitness History, 2013.
 * Ivo Blom. Corporeality in Early Cinema: Viscera, Skin, and Physical Form, 2018.
 * Michael Budd. The Sculpture Machine: Physical Culture and Body Politics in the Age of Empire, 1997.
 * R. Marie Griffith. Born Again Bodies: Flesh and Spirit in American Christianity, 2004.


 * Zweiniger‐Bargielowska, Ina. (2005). The Culture of the Abdomen: Obesity and Reducing in Britain, circa 1900–1939. Journal of British Studies 44 (2): 239-273.
 * Mullins, Greg. Nudes, Prudes, and Pigmies: The Desirability of Disavowal in Physical Culture. Discourse, vol. 15, no. 1, 1992, pp. 27–48.
 * Churchill, David S. Making Broad Shoulders: Body-Building and Physical Culture in Chicago 1890-1920. History of Education Quarterly, vol. 48, no. 3, 2008, pp. 341–370.
 * Griffith, R. Marie. (2000). Apostles of Abstinence: Fasting and Masculinity during the Progressive Era. American Quarterly, Vol. 52, No. 4 (Dec., 2000), pp. 599-638.
 * Mrozek, Donald J. The Scientific Quest for Physical Culture and the Persistent Appeal of Quackery. Journal of Sport History, vol. 14, no. 1, 1987, pp. 76–86.
 * Todd, Jan. Bernarr Macfadden: Reformer of Feminine Form. Journal of Sport History, vol. 14, no. 1, 1987, pp. 61–75
 * Morais, Dominic G. Branding Iron: Eugen Sandow's ‘Modern’ Marketing Strategies, 1887-1925. Journal of Sport History, vol. 40, no. 2, 2013, pp. 193–214.
 * Benjamin Pollack, and Janice Todd. Before Charles Atlas: Earle Liederman, the 1920s King of Mail-Order Muscle. Journal of Sport History, vol. 44, no. 3, 2017, pp. 399–420.
 * Alter, Joseph S. Indian Clubs and Colonialism: Hindu Masculinity and Muscular Christianity. Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 46, no. 3, 2004, pp. 497–534.
 * Krüger, Arnd. There Goes This Art of Manliness: Naturism and Racial Hygiene in Germany. Journal of Sport History, vol. 18, no. 1, 1991, pp. 135–158.
 * Laycock, Joseph. Yoga for the New Woman and the New Man: The Role of Pierre Bernard and Blanche DeVries in the Creation of Modern Postural Yoga. Religion and American Culture: A Journal of Interpretation, vol. 23, no. 1, 2013, pp. 101–136.
 * Vertinsky, Patricia. Yoga Comes to American Physical Education: Josephine Rathbone and Corrective Physical Education. Journal of Sport History, vol. 41, no. 2, 2014, pp. 287–311.
 * Waugh, Thomas. Strength and Stealth: Watching (and Wanting) Turn of the Century Strongmen. Revue Canadienne D'Études Cinématographiques / Canadian Journal of Film Studies, vol. 2, no. 1, 1992, pp. 1–20.
 * Murray, Thomas E. The Language of Bodybuilding. American Speech, vol. 59, no. 3, 1984, pp. 195–206.

I have access to many of those papers on JSTOR, so they will come in handy, for future reference. Psychologist Guy (talk) 20:44, 15 April 2019 (UTC)

Antecedents
This book has some interesting information. Psychologist Guy (talk) 00:46, 17 April 2019 (UTC)