The Cosmic Balance

The Cosmic Balance is a game designed by Paul Murray and published in 1982 for the Apple II and Atari 8-bit computers by Strategic Simulations (SSI). It was later released for the Commodore 64. A sequel, Cosmic Balance II, also designed by Paul Murray for SSI, was released in 1983.

Gameplay
This video game is a computerized turn-based version of tactical combat simulation very similar to the Star Fleet Battles pen-paper-map-counter game. While Star Fleet Battles is explicitly set in the Star Trek universe, The Cosmic Balance is not. That said, the first (and closest to a tutorial) scenario in the game re-creates a meeting between Starship Enterprise and USS Reliant, like in the film Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan.

Ship design is an exercise in resource management, with power, drives, defensive systems, and weapons all vying for a finite amount of hull space.

Weapons

 * Light, Heavy, and Siege Phasers,
 * Disruptors,
 * Photon and Plasma Torpedoes,
 * Light and Heavy Seekers (drones),
 * Fighter Squadrons (a swarm of robot shuttles),
 * and Transporters.

In addition to this, the player can set the firing arc of all the direct fire weapons (the bigger the arc, the more space the weapon consumes). Unique to Cosmic Balance, the overall firing arc of any particular direct fire weapon does not need to be contiguous, and can be split into as many as four separate arcs.

Combat
Combat is two dimensional but rather than using an orthogonal or hexagon grid, the game utilizes free movement similar to that of some forms of miniature wargaming. Ships have a speed and heading and travel only according to them.

All encounters in the game are at speeds slower than that of the speed of light. After playing ten turns, players have the option to activate their warp drive and escape the scenario. Each turn in the game represents 16 seconds of time and distances are measured in units call Lightmils. A conversion of Lightmils to real-world units is not given.

Physics
The game simulates Newton's first law in that a ship will maintain its current speed and heading unless it expends power to change them. The game simulates Newtons second law in that the more massive the ship the more power required to accelerate, decelerate, or maneuver it. The game does not, however, simulate Newton's third law. First, every ship has its own unique maximum speed even though they have no limit in the amount of fuel they carry throughout the course of the game. Second, after spending several turns reaching maximum speed, in the course of one turn a ship can be brought about and end the turn traveling in the exact opposite direction at maximum speed. The game does have an absolute hard coded speed limit, but this is based on a limitation to the user interface and is in no way related to a simulation of Special Relativity.

Reception
Chris Smith reviewed SSI's RapidFire Line in The Space Gamer No. 59, and commented that "This is a standard game of starship-to-starship combat, complete with phasers, photons, ECM, shields, and various other chrome. The difference between this game and some other comes before combat: You design your own ships."

David Long reviewed the game for Computer Gaming World, and stated that "CB is a tactical simulation, one which plays very smoothly and, as noted earlier, almost too quickly. The shipyard. options and the number of scenarios available will keep this one out and in use for a long time. In the meantime I look forward to the strategic galactic conquest game with CB as its combat resolution interface."

In a 1992 survey of science fiction games, Computer Gaming World gave the title three of five stars, stating that it and the sequel Cosmic Balance II "were excellent products in their day".