The Fat Controller

The Fat Controller is a fictional character in The Railway Series books written by Reverend W. Awdry and his son, Christopher Awdry. In the first two books in the series (The Three Railway Engines and Thomas the Tank Engine) he is known as The Fat Director, and as of the third book (James the Red Engine) he becomes The Fat Controller, as the railway has been nationalised. In the foreword to the 1951 book Henry the Green Engine, his real name is revealed to be Sir Topham Hatt.

The Fat Controller also appears in the television series Thomas & Friends, adapted from the books. On television, he was usually portrayed in the form of several different static figures made with either wood or lead during series one, and resin from series two onwards, but has been portrayed using CGI from the twelfth series onward.

The term "fat controller" has since been adopted in various contexts in the English language, beyond the sphere of the original stories, usually in reference to someone who runs a railway.

Origin of nickname
The character is first seen in "The Sad Story of Henry" in the first book in the Railway Series, The Three Railway Engines. When Henry refused to leave a tunnel, the story says that "A fat director, who was on the train, told the guard to get a rope". The character is referred to as The Fat Controller from the third book, James the Red Engine, for the remainder of the Railway Series, due to the nationalisation of British Railways. The name Sir Topham Hatt is first mentioned in the foreword to Henry the Green Engine and also appears on his luggage trunk in the same book in the story "Percy and the Trousers". The first use of the name Sir Topham Hatt in the TV series comes in the episode 'The Sad Story of Henry' when the narrator (Ringo Starr in both UK version and the first US version and George Carlin in the second US version) introduces him to the audience.

Biography (Railway Series)
There have been three Fat Controllers. This is not revealed directly in the stories, as they all look very similar and are all known as Sir Topham Hatt. However, the books The Island of Sodor: Its People, History and Railways (written by Rev. W. Awdry and George Awdry) and Sodor: Reading Between the Lines (by Christopher Awdry) make this clear.

Sir Topham Hatt, 1st Baronet (1880-1956)
He was a talented engineer who was apprenticed with Sir William Stanier at the Great Western Railway's Swindon works, which gave him a great love of all things Great Western. He went on to assist A. W. Dry in the construction of the Tidmouth, Knapford and Elsbridge Light Railway, which became the branch line, and designed the locomotives that ran upon it.

When the standard gauge railways of the Island were merged into the North Western Railway in 1914, Topham Hatt was called upon for his engineering skill. He constructed a bridge to link Sodor with the Mainland, as well as a number of branch lines and improvements to locomotive facilities. He was immediately made a Director of the railway.

Topham married Jane Brown and fathered a son (Charles Topham Hatt) and a daughter (Barbara Jane Hatt). Jane was sister to Sir Handel Brown, Liberal MP for Sodor East and owner of the Skarloey Railway, making all successive descendants of the two railway families cousins. Charles wed Amanda Croarie, daughter of the owner of the Ffarquhar Quarry Company, and Barbara married Henry Regaby, the Viscount Harwick. In light of this, Topham's family unit can be seen as an alliance of several of the most prominent families in Sodor.

When the North Western Railway was nationalised and became part of British Railways in 1948, Topham Hatt was made Controller of the railway. 1948 also saw him made a baronet for his services to the railways of Sodor. He retired as Controller in 1952 and died in 1956 at age 76.

This Fat Controller appears to be the one shown in the series.

He appeared in the following books:
 * The Three Railway Engines (as the Fat Director)
 * The Sad Story of Henry
 * Edward, Gordon and Henry
 * Thomas the Tank Engine
 * Thomas' Train
 * Thomas and the Trucks
 * Thomas and the Breakdown Train
 * James the Red Engine (now known as the Fat Controller)
 * Tank Engine Thomas Again
 * Thomas and the Guard (mentioned)
 * Thomas Goes Fishing
 * Thomas and Bertie (mentioned)
 * Troublesome Engines
 * Henry and the Elephant (does not speak)
 * Tenders and Turntables (mentioned)
 * Trouble in the Shed
 * Percy Runs Away
 * Henry the Green Engine
 * Coal
 * The Flying Kipper
 * Gordon's Whistle
 * Percy and the Trousers
 * Henry's Sneeze (mentioned)
 * Toby the Tram Engine
 * Gordon the Big Engine
 * Edward the Blue Engine
 * Saved from Scrap (mentioned)
 * Old Iron

Sir Charles Topham Hatt, 2nd Baronet (1914-1997)
Charles Topham Hatt was the son of the first Sir Topham Hatt and the second Controller of the NWR. He too served an apprenticeship with Stanier, this time working under the locomotive designer. Like his father, he was an innovative engineer and made a number of improvements to the railway and its engines. He was also the originator of the scheme to construct the Arlesdale Railway and the ballast consortium that used it.

He was responsible for the line's policy of retaining steam locomotives long after they had been abolished on the rest of British Railways, and while Dr Beeching was closing down branch lines on the Mainland, Charles was reopening them on Sodor. He retired as Controller in 1984, and died in 1997 at age 83.

He appeared in the following books:
 * Percy the Small Engine
 * Percy and the Signal (mentioned)
 * Duck Takes Charge
 * Percy's Promise
 * The Eight Famous Engines
 * Percy Takes the Plunge
 * Gordon Goes Foreign
 * Double Header (mentioned)
 * The Fat Controller's Engines
 * Duck and the Diesel Engine
 * Domeless Engines (mentioned)
 * Pop Goes the Diesel
 * Dirty Work
 * A Close Shave
 * The Twin Engines
 * Branch Line Engines
 * Thomas Comes to Breakfast
 * Daisy
 * Percy's Predicament
 * Stepney the "Bluebell" Engine
 * Bluebells of England (mentioned)
 * Bowled Out
 * Main Line Engines
 * Buzz, Buzz (mentioned)
 * Wrong Road
 * Edward's Exploit (does not speak)
 * Small Railway Engines - Ballast (does not speak)
 * Enterprising Engines
 * Tenders for Henry
 * Super Rescue (not seen)
 * Escape (mentioned)
 * Little Western
 * Oliver the Western Engine
 * Donald's Duck (not seen)
 * Resource and Sagacity
 * Toad Stands By
 * Bulgy (mentioned)
 * Tramway Engines
 * Woolly Bear (mentioned)
 * Toby's Tightrope
 * Really Useful Engines
 * Stop Thief!
 * Fish
 * Triple-Header

Sir Stephen Topham Hatt, 3rd Baronet (1941-)
Stephen Topham Hatt was first seen as a child in the book Toby the Tram Engine. As an adult, he was made the third Controller of the North Western Railway. His son, Richard Topham Hatt, is tipped to be the next Fat Controller on Stephen's retirement, and at Stephen's death, he will inherit the family's baronetcy and the title 'Sir Topham Hatt'.

He appeared in the following books:
 * Toby the Tram Engine - Toby and the Stout Gentleman
 * James and the Diesel Engines
 * Old Stuck-Up (not seen)
 * Crossed Lines (does not speak)
 * More About Thomas the Tank Engine
 * Thomas, Percy and the Coal (mentioned)
 * The Runaway
 * Better Late Than Never (mentioned)
 * Gordon the High-Speed Engine
 * High-Speed Gordon (mentioned)
 * Smokescreen (does not speak)
 * Fire Escape
 * Gordon Proves His Point
 * Toby, Trucks and Trouble
 * Mavis and the Lorry
 * Toby's Seaside Holiday (mentioned)
 * Bulstrode (mentioned)
 * Toby Takes the Road
 * Thomas and the Twins
 * Scrambled Eggs
 * Trevor Helps Out
 * Thomas and the Great Railway Show
 * Museum-Piece
 * Not the Ticket (mentioned)
 * Trouble on the Line (mentioned)
 * Thomas and the Railtour
 * Thomas Comes Home
 * Snow Problem (mentioned)
 * Washout! (does not speak)
 * Thomas Comes Home
 * Henry and the Express
 * Out of Puff (mentioned)
 * Overhaul
 * Sliding Scales
 * Henry Sees Red
 * Wilbert the Forest Engine
 * Percy's Porridge
 * Wired-Up
 * Thomas and the Fat Controller's Engines
 * Birdstrike
 * Edward and the Cabbages
 * Rabbits (not seen)
 * Golden Jubilee
 * Thomas and Victoria
 * Overloaded (mentioned)
 * Avalanche (mentioned)
 * Toby's Vintage Train
 * Thomas and his Friends
 * Thomas and the Swan
 * Buffer Bashing
 * Gordon's Fire Service (does not speak)
 * Centenary

Biography (Thomas & Friends)
In the television series, The Fat Controller is always the same man, with the same wife and grandchildren. He is in his mid 60s (as evident in a newspaper article in the Great Discovery), although his voice in the UK versions sometimes hints at old age. Very little of his history is revealed, although we do see more of his extended family, including his mother (Dowager Hatt), and his mischievous twin brother (Sir Lowham Hatt). In the first series, he and all the other human characters were made out of lead. From the second series onwards, they were made out of resin so they could move around more easily.

He is shown to be a qualified railway engine driver when he brings Percy to the yard for the first time. He is in charge of all the engines on Sodor and seemingly has a great deal of say over other vehicles. As a young man, he learnt to drive in Elizabeth the vintage Sentinel lorry, though in a few episodes, his driving skills are poorly developed, which were used as comedic gags for when the chance arises (often in Winston the Inspection Car). He has overseen the construction of a number of lines, railway services, and has been involved with the opening of several tourist attractions on Sodor.

British narrator Michael Angelis portrayed the character with a strong Yorkshire accent, with a low gruff voice a trait of which has been continued when Pierce Brosnan briefly took over the mantle, and also when individual voice artists were brought in to voice the characters, The Fat Controller being voiced by Keith Wickham in both the UK and US versions from 2015 onwards. Kerry Shale initially voiced him in the US prior to 2015, and gave the character a clear American accent and a deep, booming voice. In the American version, he has always been referred to by his actual name, Sir Topham Hatt, possibly because "fat" is a much more pejorative term in the US than in the UK.

The Fat Controller's name was revealed to be Bertram by Alicia Botti, the famous opera singer, in "Play Time", and by his mother Dowager Hatt in "Percy's Parcel", "Jitters and Japes", "Edward the Hero" and "Stop that Bus!".

Biography (All Engines Go)
In Thomas & Friends: All Engines Go, Sir Topham Hatt's role was severely diminished. While the character is still present, he primarily deals with organizing special events, while Gordon is now the one handing the main characters their jobs for the day. Like in The Railway Series, the mantle of Sir Topham Hatt is generational in All Engines Go, with the current one being named Bertram, as with the Thomas & Friends incarnation.

The production crew noted that Sir Topham Hatt was the only human character intended to interact with the engines, though as of 2024, he is the only human overall to have dialogue. Unlike in Thomas & Friends, the character is always referred to as Sir Topham Hatt in both English dubs, likely to avoid any negative connotations towards his more popular nickname. This Sir Topham Hatt was voiced by Bruce Dow in the US dub. While Dow initially also voiced the character in the UK dub, he was later switched out for British actor Tom Dussek in the middle of production.

Mode of dress
In his iconic top hat and morning suit, the Fat Controller looks rather old-fashioned and formal.

In the television series, Sir Topham's suit has often been used for comic effect, being augmented with scarf and mittens in winter. The series plays on the outdated nature of this outfit, giving Sir Topham an entire wardrobe of old-fashioned and formal clothes for occasions when he is not "on duty". In the Series 8 episode "Halloween", he is shown wearing pyjamas and a nightcap, and in the Series 9 and 10 episodes "Flour Power" and "Sticky Toffee Thomas" he is briefly shown wearing a wizard costume. In yet another episode, he is shown wearing a kilt, a gift from a visiting Scottish laird. In various CGI episodes, he dresses like Santa Claus.

Wife: Lady Hatt
Lady Jane Brown Hatt helps her husband run the railway, and is happiest when she sees new lines opened. She has had some special birthday parties. She likes the railway, but had a certain dislike of Annie and Clarabel, calling them beach huts. Later, she took a liking to them, after they got new coats of paint. Although her husband runs a railway, she likes a day out in their car or on a boat.

Voices:
 * Teresa Gallagher (UK; Series 13 onwards / US; Series 17 and 21 only)
 * Jules de Jongh (US; Series 13–20, excluding Series 17 and 21)

She has appeared in the following episodes:
 * Series 1 (not named yet)
 * Thomas' Train/A Big Day for Thomas (cameo)
 * Toby and the Stout Gentleman/Toby the Tram Engine (does not speak)
 * Thomas in Trouble/Thomas Breaks the Rules (does not speak)
 * Series 3 (still not named yet)
 * A Scarf for Percy (does not speak)
 * Bulgy (speaking role cameo)
 * Series 5
 * Lady Hatt's Birthday Party
 * Sir Topham Hatt's Holiday
 * Series 7
 * The Runaway Elephant
 * Bulgy Rides Again (cameo)
 * The Grand Opening
 * Best Dressed Engine (cameo)
 * Series 8
 * Thomas and the Tuba (does not speak)
 * Percy and the Magic Carpet (cameo)
 * Series 9
 * Percy and the Oil Painting (cameo)
 * Thomas and the Birthday Picnic (does not speak)
 * Tuneful Toots (does not speak)
 * Flour Power (mentioned)
 * Series 10
 * Thomas and the Jet Plane (cameo)
 * The Green Controller
 * Topped Off Thomas (cameo)
 * Which Way Now? (does not speak)
 * Series 11
 * Thomas Sets Sail (does not speak)
 * Toby's Triumph (cameo)
 * Thomas and the Runaway Car (does not speak)
 * Duncan Does it All (cameo)
 * Series 12
 * Rosie's Funfair Special/Rosie's Carnival Special (cameo)
 * Saved You!
 * Percy and the Bandstand
 * Series 13
 * Tickled Pink (cameo)
 * Double Trouble (does not speak)
 * Toby's New Whistle
 * Thomas and the Runaway Kite (mentioned)
 * The Biggest Present of All (does not speak)
 * Series 14
 * Charlie and Eddie (does not speak)
 * Pop Goes Thomas (cameo)
 * Jitters and Japes (cameo)
 * Series 15
 * Up, Up and Away!
 * Wonky Whistle (cameo)
 * Fiery Flynn (does not speak)
 * Series 16
 * Express Coming Through (cameo)
 * Thomas and the Rubbish Train/Thomas and the Garbage Train (does not speak)
 * Thomas and the Sounds of Sodor (cameo)
 * Muddy Matters (cameo)
 * Happy Birthday Sir! (does not speak)
 * Series 17
 * Wayward Winston (not named; does not speak)
 * The Afternoon Tea Express
 * Series 19 (does not speak)
 * Who's Geoffrey? (mentioned)
 * Diesel's Ghostly Christmas
 * Part 2 (cameo)
 * Reds vs. Blues (cameo)
 * Series 20 - Engine of the Future (speaking role cameo)
 * Series 21
 * Terence Breaks the Ice (speaking role cameo)
 * Confused Coaches (cameo)
 * Series 22 - Rosie is Red
 * Films
 * Thomas and the Magic Railroad (mentioned; seen on a portrait)
 * The Great Discovery
 * Hero of the Rails (cameo)
 * Misty Island Rescue (cameo)
 * Day of the Diesels (speaking role cameo)
 * King of the Railway (cameo)
 * Sodor's Legend of the Lost Treasure (cameo)
 * The Great Race (cameo)

Mother: Dowager Hatt
Dowager Hatt lives on Sodor and in her first appearance in a TV episode ("Gordon and the Gremlin"), her son held a party for her. On this occasion, her Dalmatian dog (soon to be named Gremlin) ran away after being frightened by Gordon's whistle, and ended up in Thomas' cab, where he greatly enjoyed a long ride to the docks. She says the railway is really useful, and the Fat Controller says she is always right.

Voices:
 * Keith Wickham (Series 13 through 21)

She has appeared in the following episodes:
 * Series 5 - Gordon and the Gremlin (not named)
 * Series 6 (cameo only)
 * It's Only Snow
 * Thomas (and) the Jet Engine
 * Series 9 - Thomas and the Birthday Picnic (not named in the US narration)
 * Series 11 - Percy and the Left Luggage/Baggage (not named in the US narration)
 * Series 12 - Excellent Emily (does not speak)
 * Series 13 - Percy's Parcel
 * Series 14 - Jitters and Japes
 * Series 15
 * Gordon and Ferdinand
 * Percy's New Friends (cameo)
 * Edward the Hero
 * Up, Up and Away!
 * Stop that Bus!
 * Wonky Whistle (cameo)
 * Tree Trouble
 * Fiery Flynn
 * Series 16
 * Express Coming Through
 * Percy and the Monster of Brendam (mentioned)
 * Thomas and the Sounds of Sodor (cameo)
 * Muddy Matters (cameo)
 * Happy Birthday Sir! (does not speak)
 * Series 18
 * Toad's Adventure
 * Samson Sent for Scrap (indirectly mentioned)
 * Millie and the Volcano
 * Series 19
 * Diesel's Ghostly Christmas
 * Part 2 (cameo)
 * The Beast of Sodor
 * Reds vs. Blues (cameo)
 * Series 20
 * Engine of the Future
 * Buckled Tracks and Bumpy Trucks/Cars
 * Series 21
 * Dowager Hatt's Busy Day
 * Terence Breaks the Ice (cameo)
 * A Shed for Edward (mentioned)
 * Confused Coaches
 * Series 22 - Rosie is Red
 * Specials
 * Day of the Diesels (speaking role cameo)
 * The Adventure Begins (portrait cameo)
 * Sodor's Legend of the Lost Treasure (cameo)
 * The Great Race (cameo)
 * Big World! Big Adventures! (speaking role cameo)

She is the only household member to originate in the TV series, never having appeared in the Railway Series books.

Grandchildren: Stephen and Bridget
They both have appeared together in:

Grandson: Stephen Hatt
Stephen Topham Hatt lives on the Island of Sodor, and regularly has outings and holidays with his grandparents and sister. Stephen loves trains, and was excited when he first met Toby the Tram Engine. Stephen also has a bit of knowledge about the Island, of which is the reason they discovered the Old Castle and the mine (in which Bertram was found).

In the Railway Series, Stephen ultimately took the railway over and is the current Fat Controller. In the television series, he has always remained a child.

Voices:
 * Matt Wilkinson (UK; Series 13 only)
 * Teresa Gallagher (UK; Series 14 onwards / US; Series 19 onwards)
 * William Hope (US; Series 13 and 14 only)

He has appeared in:

Granddaughter: Bridget Hatt
Bridget Amanda Hatt lives on Sodor, and regularly goes for outings and holidays with her grandparents and brother. On one occasion they went to Toby's old line, where she thought Toby was an electric tram and was reprimanded by her brother for offending him.

Her parents (mentioned only in the book Sodor: Reading Between the Lines) are Charles and Amanda Hatt.

Voices:
 * Teresa Gallagher (UK; Series 14 onwards / US; Series 19 onwards)
 * Jules de Jongh (US; Series 13 and 14 only)

She has appeared in:

Twin brother: Lowham Hatt
Sir Lowham Hatt is the jolly twin brother of Sir Topham Hatt, the son of Dowager Hatt, the great-uncle of Stephen and Bridget Hatt, and the brother-in-law of Lady Hatt.

Lowham is mischievous and enjoys playing with the children. He seems to know little or nothing about railways. He played hide-and-seek with the children and then went into a signal box and pulled the lever, switching Gordon to the branchline. He dresses exactly like Sir Topham but has a moustache. It is unknown how and why he got his knighthood.

He only appears in the series 13 episode, "Double Trouble".

Voices:
 * Keith Wickham (UK)
 * Kerry Shale (US)

The Hatts' Butler
Sir Topham Hatt has a butler who is featured in The Railway Series and the Thomas & Friends TV series. He has appeared in only three stories - "Thomas in Trouble/Breaks the Rules" in Series 1, "Lady Hatt's Birthday Party" in Series 5 and "Fergus Breaks the Rules / Thomas and the Search for Fergus" in Series 7.

In real life
"Day Out with Thomas" events are a popular way of raising money for heritage railways. These events are an opportunity for children to meet characters from the books and television series (or at least, engines that have been "dressed up" to resemble them). These events are invariably presided over by a Fat Controller, played by a railway volunteer of appropriate age and build. The copyright holders are strict about how these volunteers should appear: the South Devon Railway's Fat Controller was forced to either quit or shave off his beard, and it is absolutely forbidden for a Fat Controller to be too thin. In the United States, on the other hand, he is instead portrayed as a costumed character (with the performer's face hidden).

Other uses of the name "Fat Controller"

 * In Series 3, Episode 2 of To the Manor Born, during a meeting to protest the closing of the local railway station, the Rector loses his temper with an overweight representative of British Rail, played by Richard Thorp, and refers to him as "the Fat Controller".