Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair

Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair (16 October 1916 – 11 March 1997) was an Indian poet, playwright, script writer, lyricist, orator, film director and actor, though he is best known as an actor in Malayalam cinema. He is the recipient of Padma Shri from the Government of India, which is one of the highest civilian honours in India. In a career that spanned about 47 years, he acted in over 700 films. He is considered to be the "first superstar of Malayalam cinema". In 1993, he was honoured with the J. C. Daniel Award, Kerala government's highest honour for contributions to Malayalam cinema.

Early life
Sukumaran Nair was born on 16 October 1916 in the village of Thikkurissy, Nagercoil, then part of Travancore. The village of Thikkurissy is now in Nanchilnadu, Nagercoil, Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu. He was born to N. Lekshmi Amma and M. C. Govinda Pillai of the Mangat house, an aristocratic Nair family. He was a good writer and an orator even when he was doing his schooling in Marthandam Government Boys School. He wrote his first poem at the age of 8 and his poem was published for the first time when he was 14 in Dhakshina Bharathi. His poems were collectively published as a book named Kedavilakku when he was 20. His parents wanted him to secure a government job, but he launched his career in writing and arts even before he completed his studies. Incidentally, his sister L. Omanakkunjamma was the first female magistrate in India.

Career
He launched his career as a playwright. His plays Mareechika and Kalakaran were hugely successful. He then went on to write three more—Sthree, Maya and Sariyo Thetto—that revolutionised the professional play scenario in Malayalam. He replaced the melodramatic romantic musicals, which ruled the roost till then, with dialogue centred prose plays having themes of realism and social importance.

He entered the Malayalam film industry in 1950, which was in its early years with only about 10 films produced. He debuted in the industry with the film adaptation of his breakthrough play Sthree. He produced the film and played the protagonist as well. It failed to make much impact at the box office, the film scene in Kerala then being ruled by Tamil and Hindi films. Thikkurussy's next film Jeevitha Nouka (1951), produced by K and K Productions and directed by K. Vembu, was a turning point in Malayalam film history. It dealt with the theme of ego clashes in a joint family and was a big commercial success: It is touted as the first superhit in Malayalam film history. The success also made Thikkurissy the first superstar of Kerala. Jeevitha nouka was dubbed into four languages including Hindi. In 1952, he acted in Navalokam with a socially significant theme with Miss Kumari, who would later become the pet of the masses after the success of Neelakkuyil (1954). Navalokam did not make it big at the box office, but Thikkurissy cemented his superstardom with a big hit in the same year.

Visappinte Vili had Prem Nazir, then a novice. Thikkurissy coined Prem Nazir's screen name (his actual name was Abdul Khader). In 1953, another landmark of his, titled Sariyo Thetto, was released. It was a film adaptation of his play of the same name. Sariyo Thetto had him handling the story, screenplay, dialogues, lyrics and direction departments besides playing the pivotal role. With that Thikkurissy established himself as an inseparable element of Malayalam film industry. In 1968, he acted in the first full-length comedy film, Viruthan Shanku, directed by P. Venu. He was credited with lyrics, screenplay and direction in many films. The 13 films for which he was the lyricist includes Sthree, Palunku Paathram, Devasundari, Urvashi Bharathi, Poojapushpam and Balloon. He wrote story and screenplay for Muthalali and Aana Valarthiya Vanampadi. He directed the films Sariyo Thetto, Poojapushpam, Achante Bharya, Palunkupathram, Saraswati, Nurse and Urvashi Bharathi. His major acting ventures are Jeevithanauka, Navalokam, Visappinte Vili, Iruttinte Atmavu, Swayamvaram, Umma, Bhakthakuchela, Nadi, Thulabharam, Maya, Abhijathyam, Surveykkallu, Avanazhi and Aryan''.

Screen-naming
Thikkurussy coined screen-names of many actors in Malayalam cinema. Actors who were renamed by Thikkurissy include
 * Prem Nazir; actual name: Abdul Khader
 * S. J. Dev (stage actor and father of Rajan P. Dev); actual name: Devassia
 * Madhu; actual name: Madhavan Nair
 * Jose Prakash; actual name: K Baby Joseph
 * Bahadoor; actual name: Kunjali
 * Kuthiravattom Pappu; actual name: Padmadalakshan

Personal life
Thikkurissy married three times in his life. His first wife was Sarojini Kunjamma, daughter of Madhavan Unnithan, who belonged to a prominent family in Karuvatta, Haripad, known as Samudayathil. The couple has two daughters. The eldest, Shyamala Devi Kunjamma alias Lekha was an executive engineer in Ernakulam. Their second daughter Geethadevi Kunjamma is a housewife in Pujappura, Thiruvananthapuram. After parting ways with his first wife, Thikkurussy married play actor Ambalapuzha Meenakshy Amma. The couple had a son named Rajahamsan, who now lives in Chennai. The second marriage also didn't last long and Thikkurussy married K. Sulochana Devi, who was a singer and dancer. This marriage however was successful and lasted for more than four decades till his death. Thikkurissy had a daughter from this marriage named Kanakasree. She, like her father was interested in poetry and took name as a good poet. Thikkurussy had a personal tragedy when Kanakasree died due to a bike accident in 1989. During his final days, he suffered from many diseases owing to his advanced age. Finally, he died on 11 March 1997 aged 80 in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, due to kidney failure.

Awards
The major awards that he received are:


 * Padmashri from the Government of India − 1973
 * Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award – South − 1986
 * Kerala State Film Award for Best Actor − 1972
 * J. C. Daniel Award (Kerala State Film Award for Lifetime Achievement) – 1995
 * Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Fellowship − 1983
 * Mannathu Padmanabhan Award − 1989
 * Film Readers Gallop-poll Award − 1963
 * All Kerala Social Service Association Award − 1971
 * Bombay Nirthya Sindhu Award − 1991
 * Guru Chengannur Award 1991
 * Prem Nazir Award − 1992
 * N.Krishna Pillai Award 1992
 * Palakkad Film Festival Award − 1995
 * Pushpasree Award − 1995
 * Bangalore Kalavedi Award − 1994
 * Film Critics Association Award − 1995
 * Kerala Kaumudhi Readers Club Award − 1994
 * Film Guidance Society Award − 1996
 * Government of India Emeritus Fellowship for Contribution in the field of Art and Literature From 1 April 1996 to 31 March 1998
 * Talents of Universities Creative Heights Award − 1996
 * Navachedhana Award − 1994
 * Soorya Award − 1994
 * Travancore Devaswam Board Award. – 1972
 * Sree Moolanagaram Fine Arts Society Award − 1997
 * Abhinaya Saamrat − 1991
 * Nataka Chakravarthy − 1991
 * Chalachithra Prathibha − 1993
 * Chalachithra Rathnam − 1994
 * Chalachithra Acharyan − 1994
 * Malayala Chalachithra Kulapathy 1994
 * Sarasadrutha Kavi − 1994
 * Kala Vibhooshan − 1994
 * Bheeshma Charya − 1994
 * Sarvakala Sarva Bhouman − 1994
 * Guru Karanavar − 1995
 * Kala Jyothi − 1996
 * Sarasa Vachaspathy − 1996
 * Sadasya Thilakan − 1996

Direction

 * Urvashi Bharathi (1973)
 * Achante Bharya (1971)
 * Palunku Pathram (1970)
 * Saraswathi (1970)
 * Nurse (1969)
 * Poojapushpam (1969)
 * Sheriyo Thetto (1953)

Writing

 * Aana Valarthiyal Vanampadiyude Makan (1971)
 * Muthalali (1965)
 * Sabarimala Shri Ayyappan (1962)
 * Devasundari (1957)
 * Sthree (1950)
 * Kettinethinu Vaasanathailam
 * Urvashi Bharati

Acting
A full acting filmography list is available here.

1990s

 * Janadhipathyam (1997) as Maharaja
 * Kilukil Pambaramam (1997)
 * Mahathma (1996)
 * The King (1995)
 * Indian Military Intelligence (1995)
 * Sadharam (1995)
 * Commissioner (1994) as Kunjurama Kuruppu
 * Janam (1993) as old man
 * Akashadoothu (1993)
 * Midhunam (1993) as Kuruppu Master
 * Kaazhchakkppuram (1992) as Paramu Pillai
 * Advaitham (1992) as Parameswaran Namboothiri
 * Kilukkam (1991) as Shop owner
 * Pookkalam Varavayi (1991) as Grandfather
 * Kalari (1991) as Ramesh and Rakesh's father
 * Kizhakkunarum Pakshi (1991) as Moorthy
 * Midhya (1990) as Grandfather
 * Nanma Niranjavan Sreenivasan (1990) as Madhavan Pillai
 * Purappadu (1990)
 * Arhatha (1990) as Ashwathi's grandfather
 * Aye Auto (1990) as Krishna Pillai
 * Dr. Pasupathy (1990) as Pappan's grandfather
 * His Highness Abdullah (1990) as Mathilakathu Cheriyachan Thampuran
 * Kuruppinte Kanakku Pustakom (1990) as Panikkar

1980s

 * Ardham (1989) as Janardanan's Father
 * Innale (1989) as Ramachandran Nair
 * Oru Sayahnathinte Swapnam (1989) as Govinda Pillai
 * Varavelpu (1989) as 'Apal bandavan' Govindan Nair
 * Aryan (1988)
 * Mukunthetta Sumitra Vilikkunnu (1988) as Menon
 * Oru Muthassi Katha (1988)
 * Vellanakalude Nadu (1988) as Chandrashekharan Nair
 * Witness (1988) as Old Man
 * Avanazhi (1986) as Nampoothiri
 * Rareeram (1986) as Radha's Father
 * Sughamodevi (1986) as Sunny's Father
 * Azhiyatha Bandhangal (1985) as Thampi
 * Ee Thalamura Ingane (1985)
 * Anakkorumma (1985) as Minister
 * Attahaasam (1984)
 * Kudumbam Oru Swargam Bharya Oru Devatha (1984)
 * Ivide Thudangunnu (1984) as Adv. Balachandra Menon
 * Oodarathuammava Aalariyam (1984)
 * Oru Nimisham Tharu (1984)
 * Oru Sumangaliyude Katha (1984) as Yamuna's father
 * Ahagaaram (1983)
 * Balooon (1982) as Aravindaksha Menon
 * Ayudham (1982)
 * Ithum Oru Jeevitham (1982)
 * Ithu Njangalude Katha (1982) as Ramankutty's Uncle
 * Padayottam (1982) as Kolathiri Rajavu
 * Grihalakshmi (1981)
 * Sanchari (1981)
 * Thaalam Manasinte Thaalam (1981)
 * Valarthu Mrugangal (1981) as Circus Owner Madhavan
 * Adhikaram (1980) as P.K.P
 * Ambalavilakku (1980) as Ramavarmma
 * Paallattu Kunjikannan (1980)
 * Seetha (1980)
 * Swathu (1980)

1970s

 * Ajnatha Theerangal (1979)
 * Allauddinum Albhutha Vilakkum (1979) as Shehan Sha
 * Hridhayathinte Nirangal (1979)
 * Ini Ethra Sandhyakal (1979)
 * Iniyum Kaanaam (1979)
 * Mamangam (1979) as King of Valluvanadu
 * Manushiyan (1979)
 * Paapathinu Maranamilla (1979)
 * Pennorumbettaal (1979)
 * Ponnil Kulicha Rathri (1979)
 * Prabhatha Sandhya (1979)
 * Pratheeksha (1979)
 * Puthiya Velicham (1979) as Lohithakshan Bhagavathar
 * Sayoojyam (1979)
 * Vaaleduthaven Vaalaal (1979)
 * Ashtamudi Kayal (1978)
 * Asthamayam (1978)
 * Avar Jeevikkunnu (1978)
 * Chakrayudham (1978)
 * Jayikkanaayi Janichavan (1978)
 * Kadathanattu Maakkam (1978)
 * Kalpa Vriksham (1978) as Sankaran Menon
 * Kanal Kattakal (1978) as Dr.Kumar
 * Kanyaka (1978)
 * Madanolsavam (1978) as Ambadi Rajasekharan Thampi
 * Madhurikkunna Rathri (1978)
 * Manooradham (1978)
 * Snehikkan Oru Pennu (1978)
 * Society Lady (1978)
 * Itha Oru Manushyan(1978)
 * Sundharimarude Swapnangal (1978)
 * Thacholy Ambu (1978)
 * Aparaajitha (1977)
 * Aparadhi (1977)
 * Samudram (1977) as College Principal
 * Chathur Vedam (1977)
 * Harsha Bhashpam (1977)
 * Kannappanunni (1977) as Kannappan Chekavar
 * Kavilamma (1977)
 * Kodiyettam (1977)
 * Manas Oru Mayil (1977)
 * Mini Mol (1977)
 * Niraparayum Nilavilakkum (1977)
 * Parivarthanam (1977)
 * Rathi Manmathan (1977)
 * Saghakkale Munottu (1977)
 * Satyavan Savithri (1977)
 * Soorya Kanthi (1977)
 * Thuruppu Gulam (1977)
 * Vishukkani (1977)
 * Yatheem (1977) as Mammali Sayivu
 * Abhinandanam (1976)
 * Amba Ambika Ambalika (1976)
 * Ammini Ammavan (1976)
 * Amrudha Vahini (1976) as Thampi
 * Appooppan (1976)
 * Chennai Valarthiya Kutty (1976)
 * Chirikudukka (1976) as Sadashivan Nair
 * Dheere Sameere Yamuna Theere (1976)
 * Kayamkulam Kochunniyude Maghan (1976)
 * Mailanum Mathevanum (1976)
 * Rajanganam (1976)
 * Romeo (1976)
 * Sarvekkalu (1976)
 * Seemantha Puthran (1976)
 * Sita Swayamvar (1976)
 * Sreemadh Bhagwad Geetha (1976)
 * Swimming Pool (1976)
 * Themmadi Vellappan (1976)
 * Vazhi Vilakku (1976)
 * Yaksha Gaanam (1976)
 * Aaranya Kaandum (1975)
 * Abhimanam (1975)
 * Alibaba and Forty-one Thieves (1975) as Ameer
 * Babu Mon (1975)
 * Bharya Illaatha Rathri (1975)
 * Chattambikkalyaani (1975) as Daivam Mathai
 * Cheenavala (1975) as Rana
 * Dharmakshetre Kurukshetre (1975)
 * Kalayana Sougandhikam (1975)
 * Kottaram Vilakkanundu (1975)
 * Manishada (1975)
 * Mattoru Seetha (1975)
 * Neela Ponman (1975) as Sankara Prabhu
 * Padmaragam (1975)
 * Sammanam (1975)
 * Sathyathinte Nizhalil (1975)
 * Soorya Vamsam (1975)
 * Swami Ayyappan (1975)
 * Swarna Matsyam (1975)
 * Thiruvonam (1975)
 * Thomashleeha (1975)
 * Ayalathe Sundari (1974)
 * Check Post (1974)
 * Devi Kanyakumari (1974)
 * Manyasree Viswamitran (1974)
 * Nadee Nadanmare Aavashyamunde (1974)
 * Nagaram Sagaram (1974)
 * Nathoon (1974)
 * Nellu (1974) as Chevara Perukki
 * Pancha Thanthram (1974)
 * Pattabhisekam (1974)
 * Saptha Swarangal (1974) as Govinda Panikkar
 * Suprabhatham (1974)
 * Swarna Vigraham (1974)
 * Thumbolarcha (1974) as Kannappa Chekavar
 * Vishnu Vijayam (1974)
 * Youvanam (1974)
 * Aasha Chakram (1973)
 * Angathattu (1973)
 * Chenda (1973)
 * Divyadharsanam (1973)
 * Jesus (1973)
 * Kaadu (1973/II) as Kattumooppan
 * Kattu Vitachavan (1973)
 * Kavitha (1973)
 * Nakhangal (1973)
 * Pacha Nottukal (1973)
 * Padmavyooham (1973)
 * Ponnapuram Kotta (1973)
 * Preathangalude Thazhvaram (1973)
 * Sasthram Jayichu Manushyan Thottu (1973) as Dr. Govinda Menon
 * Swarga Puthri (1973) as Mathai
 * Thaniniram (1973) as Gopalan Master
 * Thiruvabharanam (1973)
 * Urvashi Bharathi (1973)
 * Aaradi Manninte Janmi (1972)
 * Achanum Bappayum (1972)
 * Aromalunni (1972)
 * Maravil Thirivu Sookshikkuka (1972) as K. B. Menon
 * Maya (1972) as Decent Sankara Pilla
 * Professor (1972)
 * Sakthi (1972)
 * Sree Guruvayoorappan (1972)
 * Swayamvaram (1972)
 * Thavaputhalvan (1972)
 * Prathikaram (1972) as Pankajakshan Nair
 * Aabhijathyam (1971) as Shankara Menon
 * Aana Valarthiyal Vanampadiyude Makan (1971)
 * Makane Ninakku Vendi (1971) as Mamachan
 * Achante Bharya (1971)
 * Kalithozhi (1971)
 * Lanka Dahanam (1971)
 * Muthassi (1971)
 * Neethi (1971)
 * Puthanveedu (1971)
 * Amma Enna Stree (1970)
 * Cross Belt (1970) as Krishnan Thampi
 * Ezhuthatha Katha (1970)
 * Nazhikakallu (1970)
 * Nizhalattam (1970) as Karunakaran
 * Othenente Makan (1970)
 * Palunkupathram (1970)
 * Sabarimala Shri Dharmasastha (1970)
 * Saraswathi (1970)
 * Thara as Keshavankutty Nair
 * Triveni (1970) as Padmanabhan
 * Vivaham Swargathil (1970)
 * Nilakkatha Chalanangal (1970)

1960s

 * Aalmaram (1969)
 * Ballatha Pahayan (1969) as Beerankunju Hajiyar
 * Chattambi Kavala (1969)
 * Kumara Sambhavam (1969) as Himavat
 * Nadhi (1969) as Mattummel Thomachan
 * Nurse (1969)
 * Poojapushpam (1969)
 * Adyapika (1968)
 * Aparadhini (1968)
 * Hotel High Range (1968) as Rajasahib
 * Inspector (1968)
 * Kodungalluramma (1968)
 * Manaswini (1968)
 * Punnapra Vayalar (1968) as Maariyaveedan
 * Thulabharam (1968) as R.K.Menon
 * Vazhi Pizhacha Santhathy (1968)
 * Vidyarthi (1968)
 * Viruthan Shanku (1968)
 * Anveshichu Kandethiyilla (1967)
 * Chitra Mela (1967) as (segment "Apaswarangal")
 * Madatharuvi (1967)
 * Iruttinte Athmavu (1967) as Madhavan Nair
 * Naadan Pennu (1967)
 * Pareeksha (1967) as Janardhanan Pilla
 * Post Man (1967)
 * Anarkali (1966) as Jaya Singhan
 * Iruttinde Athmavu (1966) as Karanavar
 * Jail (1966)
 * Kadamattathachan (1966)
 * Kallipennu (1966)
 * Kanaka Chilanga (1966)
 * Kanmanikal (1966)
 * Karuna (1966)
 * Kayamkulam Kochunni (1966) as Kunjunni Panikkar
 * Koottukar (1966)
 * Kusruthy Kuttan (1966)
 * Mayor Nair (1966)
 * Poocha Kanni (1966)
 * Priyathama (1966)
 * Puthri (1966) as Kunjachan
 * Tharavatamma (1966) as Keshavankutty
 * Tilottama (1966)
 * Bhoomiyile Malakha (1965)
 * Chettathi (1965)
 * Inapravugal (1965)
 * Jeevitha Yaathra (1965) as Parameshwara Kurup
 * Kaliyodum (1965)
 * Kathirunna Nikah (1965)
 * Kattu Pookkal (1965) as Thommachan
 * Kochumon (1965)
 * Mayavi (1965) as Krishna Menon
 * Muthalali (1965)
 * Odeyil Ninnu (1965) as Kuruppu
 * Rosy (1965)
 * Shakuntala (1965)
 * Atom Bomb (1964) as Kurungodu
 * Ayesha (1964)
 * Devaalayam (1964)
 * Kalanju Kittiya Thankam (1964) as Bhaskara Pilla
 * Karutha Kai (1964) as Thampi
 * Kudumbini (1964) as Raghava Kuruppu
 * Omanakuttan (1964)
 * School Master (1964) as Raman Pilla
 * Shree Guruvayoorappan (1964) as Villumangalam Swami
 * Thacholi Othenan (1964)
 * Chilamboli (1963)
 * Doctor (1963) as Madhava Menon
 * Kalayum Kaminiyum (1963)
 * Nithya Kanyaka (1963)
 * Sathyabhama (1963)
 * Snapaka Yohannan (1963) as Herodias Anthippas
 * Laila Majnu (1962)
 * Sabarimalai Shri Ayyappan (1962)
 * Shreekovil (1962)
 * Shree Rama Pattabhishekam (1962)
 * Snehadeepam (1962) as Sreedharan
 * Velu Thampi Dhalava (1962)
 * Viyarpintae Vila (1962)
 * Bhakta Kuchela (1961) as Kamsan
 * Christmas Rathri (1961) as George
 * Jnaanasundari(1961) as King Philip
 * Kandam Bacha Kotte (1961) as Alikoya Haji
 * Shri Sabarimalai Shri Ayyappan (1961)
 * Unniyarcha (1961) as Kannappa Chekavar
 * Poothali (1960)
 * Seeta (1960)
 * Umma (1960) as Abobacker Haji

1950s

 * Aana Valarthiyal Vanampady (1959)
 * Mariakutty (1958) as Pariyalle Kuruvachan
 * Randidangazhi (1958)
 * Atchanum Makanum (1957)
 * Devasundari (1957)
 * Thaskaraveeran (1957)
 * Atmarpanam (1956)
 * Harishchandra (1955)
 * Kalam Marunnu (1955)
 * Kidappadam (1954)
 * Puthradharmam (1954)
 * Sneehaseema (1954)
 * Ponkathir (1953)
 * Sheriyo Thetto (1953)
 * Achan (1952)
 * Amma (1952)
 * Andaman Kaithi (1952)
 * Visappinte Vili (1952)
 * Jeevitha Nouka (1951) as Soman
 * Navalokam (1951) as Kuruppu
 * Chandrika (1950)
 * Sasidharan (1950)
 * Sthree (1950)

Television

 * Lubdhan Lukose (Doordarshan)