Timeline of Braunschweig

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Braunschweig (Brunswick), Germany.

Prior to 19th century

 * 861 - According to legend, Braunschweig founded by Bruno of Saxony.
 * 955 - Area of city expanded.
 * 1031 - St. Magni (Braunschweig) church consecrated.
 * 1145 - Riddagshausen Abbey founded.
 * 1160s - Henry the Lion makes Braunschweig his residence.
 * 1166 - Brunswick Lion statue created.
 * 1175
 * Dankwarderode Castle built.
 * Birth of Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
 * 1188 - Gospels of Henry the Lion created.
 * 1190s - St. Martini (Braunschweig) church construction begins.
 * 1194 - Brunswick Cathedral built.
 * 1194 - 6 August: Henry the Lion dies.
 * 1200s
 * St. Katharinen (Braunschweig) church construction begins.
 * Braunschweig joins the Hanseatic League.
 * Schoduvel (carnival) is celebrated.
 * 1245 - Großes Waisenhaus BMV (nursing home and orphanage) established.
 * 1293–94 - Schicht der Gildemeister (civil unrest)
 * 1304 - Bartholomäuskapelle (Braunschweig) on Schützenstraße (Braunschweig) first mentioned.
 * 1307 - Gewandhaus (Braunschweig) guildhall/exchange first mentioned.
 * 1312 - Rüningen gristmill first mentioned.
 * 1370s - Große Schicht (civil unrest)
 * 1390
 * Public clock installed (approximate date).
 * Brunswick Mum is sold.
 * 1396 - Altstadtrathaus (Braunschweig) (city hall) building expanded.
 * 1408 - Altstadtmarktbrunnen (fountain) installed in the Altstadtmarkt (Braunschweig).
 * 1410s
 * Liberei (library) built.
 * Braunschweiger Pfaffenkrieg (conflict between city council and churches)
 * 1411 - Faule Mette cannon created.
 * 1415 - Martino-Katharineum Braunschweig secondary school established.
 * 1420 - St. Andreas (Braunschweig) church built (approximate date).
 * 1432 - The Princes of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel move their Residenz from Braunschweig to Wolfenbüttel.
 * 1434 - Aegidienkirche (church) built (approximate date).
 * 1445–46 - Schicht der „ungehorsamen Bürger“ (civil unrest)
 * 1451 - Brüdernkirche (Braunschweig) (church) built.
 * 1487–89 - Ludeke Hollants Schicht (civil unrest)
 * 1498 - Braunschweiger Messe (fair) established.
 * 1509 - Printing press in operation.
 * 1520s - Protestant Reformation in Braunschweig.
 * 1524 - Huneborstelsches Haus built.
 * 1531–32 - Braunschweig joins Schmalkaldic League.
 * 1534 - built.
 * 1551 - Population: 16,192.
 * 1567 - built.
 * 1573 - built on the.
 * 1627 - (brewery) established.
 * 1643 - (customs house) built.
 * 1663 - Trial and execution of Anna Roleffes.
 * 1671 - Siege of Braunschweig by Rudolph Augustus, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
 * 1690 - (opera house and theatre) opens.
 * 1745
 * Collegium Carolinum founded.
 * Braunschweigische Anzeigen newspaper in publication.
 * 1753 - Brunswick Palace established as the new ducal residence.
 * 1754 - Herzog Anton Ulrich-Museum and State Natural History Museum open.
 * 1761 - First Battle of Ölper
 * 1768 - Birth of Caroline of Brunswick future wife of George IV.
 * 1769 - Schloss Richmond (castle) built.
 * 1772 - 13 March: Premiere of Lessing's play Emilia Galotti.
 * 1773 - Population: 23,385.
 * 1790s - dismantled (approximate date).
 * 1791 - (bridge) rebuilt.
 * 1799 - Friedrich Vieweg (publisher) moves to Braunschweig.

19th century

 * 1806 - French in power; begins.
 * 1807 - becomes mayor.
 * 1809 - 1 August: Second Battle of Ölper
 * 1815 - Duchy of Brunswick established
 * 1823 - Obelisk erected in the.
 * 1829 - 19 January: Premiere of Goethe's play Faust, Part One.
 * 1830 - 7–8 September: Civil unrest, Brunswick Palace stormed by an angry mob and destroyed completely.
 * 1834 - Attained municipal self-government.
 * 1835 - Grotrian-Steinweg established.
 * 1838 - Westermann Verlag (publisher) in business.
 * 1838 - 1 December: First section of the Brunswick–Bad Harzburg railway line, connecting Braunschweig and Wolfenbüttel, opens.
 * 1843–44 - Hanover–Brunswick railway opens.
 * 1844 - Rabbinical Conference of Brunswick
 * 1847 - MTV Braunschweig established.
 * 1848–49 -
 * 1849 - Voigtländer sets up its office in Braunschweig.
 * 1853 - active.
 * 1856 -  (magazine) headquartered in Braunschweig.
 * 1860 - established.
 * 1861
 * Staatstheater Braunschweig (theatre) opens.
 * (library) and founded.
 * 1863 - sculpture erected atop the palace.
 * 1871
 *  newspaper in publication.
 * brewery in business.
 * Population: 57,883.
 * 1872 - Brunswick–Magdeburg railway begins operating.
 * 1874 - Konrad Koch introduces football to Germany.
 * 1875 - 23 September: opens.
 * 1879 - Trams in Braunschweig begin operating.
 * 1880 - Population: 75,038.
 * 1885 - Population: 85,174.
 * 1887 - Braunschweig Main Cemetery (cemetery) established.
 * 1890 - Population: 101,047.
 * 1891 - Braunschweigisches Landesmuseum founded.
 * 1894–1900 - New (city hall) built.
 * 1895
 * Eintracht Braunschweig football club and (cemetery) established.
 * bookseller in business.
 * Population: 115,138.

1900–1945

 * 1901 - (historical society) founded.
 * 1903 - Büssing established.
 * 1905 - Population: 136,423.
 * 1906 - Dankwarderode Castle reconstructed.
 * 1907 - (bicycle manufactory) in business.
 * 1909 - 21 April: Gymnasium Gaussschule established.
 * 1913 - 24 May: Marriage of Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick and Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia.
 * 1918
 * occurs.
 * 8 November: Ernest Augustus forced to abdicate.
 * 10 November: Socialist Republic of Brunswick proclaimed.
 * 10 November: Free State of Brunswick established.
 * 1919
 * 9 April: Spartacus League uprising.
 * 13–17 April: State of emergency declared, Freikorps troops enter city.
 * Population: 139,539.
 * 1920 - Rollei established.
 * 1923 - 17 June: Eintracht-Stadion opens.
 * 1929 - Deutsche Verkehrsfliegerschule moved to Broitzem.
 * 1931
 * is incorporated into the city of Braunschweig.
 *  (newspaper) begins publication.
 * 17–18 October: A large Nazi rally is held in Braunschweig, 100,000 SA stormtroopers march through the city.
 * 1933 - Mittelland Canal reaches Braunschweig.
 * 1934
 * ,, , Ölper, , , and are incorporated into the city of Braunschweig.
 * Population: 166,823.
 * 1935 - SS-Junkerschule Braunschweig established.
 * 1936
 * Luftfahrtforschungsanstalt in Völkenrode built.
 * Braunschweig Airport opens.
 * 1938
 * (formerly Brunswick State Conservatoire) established.
 * 23 February: Volkswagenwerk Braunschweig starts production.
 * 9–10 November: Kristallnacht in Braunschweig.
 * 1939
 * Nazi Academy for Youth Leadership built.
 * 20 September: Oflag XI-B POW camp for Polish officers established.
 * Population: 208,400.
 * 1940
 * 24 June: Oflag XI-B POW camp dissolved, POWs transferred to Oflag II-C in Dobiegniew.
 * Synagogue demolished.
 * Bombing of Braunschweig in World War II begins.
 * 1943 - Entbindungsheim für Ostarbeiterinnen established.
 * 1944
 * 25 March: Subcamp of the Neuengamme concentration camp established at the SS troop supply camp.
 * 5 June: Subcamp of Neuengamme at the SS troop supply camp dissolved. Prisoners deported to a subcamp in Warberg.
 * 17 August: Schillstraße subcamp of the Neuengamme concentration camp established.
 * September: Braunschweig-Vechelde subcamp of Neuengamme established.
 * December: Women subcamp of Neuengamme established at the SS Riding School.
 * 1945
 * February: Women subcamp of Neuengamme at the SS Riding School dissolved. Prisoners deported to subcamps in Salzgitter and Helmstedt.
 * March: Braunschweig-Vechelde subcamp of Neuengamme dissolved. Prisoners moved to the Schillstraße subcamp.
 * March/April: Schillstraße subcamp of Neuengamme dissolved. Prisoners sent on a death march to Salzgitter.
 * 12 April: Surrender of Braunschweig.

1946–1999

 * 1946 - Braunschweiger Zeitung (newspaper) begins publication.
 * 1947 - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt refounded in Braunschweig.
 * 1949
 * (school) established.
 * bookshop in business.
 * 1955 - 1 February: Luftfahrt-Bundesamt opens.
 * 1960
 * Brunswick Palace demolished.
 * Building of the Weststadt starts.
 * 1 October: Braunschweig Hauptbahnhof opens.
 * 1963 - Hochschule für Bildende Künste Braunschweig established.
 * 1971 - Fachhochschule Braunschweig/Wolfenbüttel established.
 * 1972 - Braunschweiger Verkehrs-AG (public transit entity) active.
 * 1974 - 28 February: District of Braunschweig disestablished and its main part incorporated into the city of Braunschweig.
 * 1975 - Population: 269,900.
 * 1976 - Gerhard Glogowski becomes mayor.
 * 1977 - Federal Agricultural Research Centre established.
 * 1982 - established.
 * 1987 - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen moves to Braunschweig.
 * 1988 - Braunschweig Classix Festival established.
 * 1991–94 - Reconstruction of Alte Waage.
 * 1994 - Sparkassen Open tennis tournament established.
 * 1998 - 1 September: German Federal Bureau of Aircraft Accident Investigation established.
 * 2000
 * Wilhelm Raabe Literature Prize established.
 * 20 September: Volkswagen Halle opens.

21st century

 * 2001 - built in the.
 * 2006 - 6 December: opens.
 * 2007 - 6 May: Rebuilt Brunswick Palace opens.
 * 2010 - light rail project cancelled.
 * 2013 - Population: 247,227.
 * 2014 - becomes mayor.

in German

 * (bibliography)