Timeline of Mecca

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia.

Prior to 20th century

 * 100 BCE - "Yemeni tribes of Jurham rule Mecca."
 * 570 CE - Year of the Elephant and the birth of Muhammad.
 * 605 CE - Quraish rebuild Kaaba after it was damaged in floods.
 * 613 CE - Muhammad starts preaching publicly in Mecca.
 * 622 CE / 0-1 H - Muhammad migrates from Mecca to Medina, with followers (muhajirun).
 * 7th C. - Masjid al-Haram architectural components began.
 * 625-629 : Pilgrim mosques built in numerous countries like (Kerala) India & in China by early disciples of Muhammad.
 * Pilgrimage of Muslims to Mecca per Treaty of Hudaybiyyah.
 * 11 December: Liberation of Mecca.
 * 683 / 63-64 H - Siege of Mecca (683); Kaaba burnt.
 * 692 - Siege of Mecca (692).
 * 751 - Milestones installed along the (Baghdad-Mecca road).
 * 793 - Harun al-Rashid visits city.
 * 810 - Aqueduct built.
 * 930 - City sacked by Qarmatians; Black Stone taken out of Mecca.
 * 951 - Black Stone returned to Mecca "for a great ransom".
 * 1184 - Traveller Ibn Jubayr visits city.
 * 1265 - Egyptian Mamluks in power.
 * 1326 - Traveller Ibn Battuta visits Mecca.
 * 1517 - Ottomans in power; Selim I becomes Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques.
 * 1630 - Flood.
 * 1631 - Kaaba rebuilt.
 * 1802/1803 - Mecca "captured by the Sa'udi-Wahhabi army."
 * 1812/1813 - Wahhabis ousted by Egyptian forces.
 * 1840 - Ottomans in power again.
 * 1878 - Population estimated by Assistant-Surgeon ʽAbd el-Razzāq at 50,000 to 60,000.
 * 1880 - 21 March: Sharif assassinated.
 * 1885 - Population: 45,000 (estimate).
 * 1886 - Printing press in use (approximate date).

20th century

 * 1908 / 1325-1326 H
 * September: Hejaz Railway (Damascus-Mecca) begins operating.
 * Hussein bin Ali becomes sharif.
 * Al-Hijaz government newspaper begins publication.
 * 1912 - Madrasat al-Falah established.
 * 1916 / 1334-1335 H
 * June–July: Battle of Mecca (1916).
 * Hashimite al-Qibla government newspaper begins publication.
 * 1921 - Population: 80,000 (approximate estimate).
 * 1924 / 1342-1343 H
 * Battle of Mecca (1924).
 * 12 December: Umm al-Qura government newspaper begins publication.
 * Population: 60,000 (approximate estimate).
 * Ali of Hejaz becomes sharif.
 * 1925 - City becomes part of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
 * 1926 - Al Adl cemetery and al-Mahad al-Ilmi Suudi (school) established.
 * 1929 - Amanat al-Asima (municipality) established.
 * 1931 / 1349-1350 H - Public library founded (approximate date).
 * 1932 - Dar al-Hadith (school) established.
 * 1930s - Aziziyya, Faysaliyya, Khayriyya, and Suudiyya schools established (approximate date).
 * 1938 - Maktabat al-Haram (library) active.
 * 1941 - Flood
 * 1945 - Al-Wehda Club (sport club) formed.
 * 1949 / 1368-1369 H - Kulliyyat al-Sharia (college) established.
 * 1951 - College of Education established.
 * 1958 - Al Nadwa newspaper begins publication.
 * 1960 - Police academy established.
 * 1962
 * Slavery abolished.
 * Population: 158,908.
 * 1964 / 1383-1384 H
 * Malcolm X visits city.
 * Masjid al-Haram expanded.
 * 1966 - Mahad al-Nur (school) established.
 * 1969 - Flood.
 * 1972 - Hajj televised.
 * 1973 - "Master Plan for the Holy City of Mecca" launched.
 * 1974 - Population: 366,801.
 * 1975 - Fire in Mina.
 * 1979 - 20 November-4 December: Grand Mosque seizure.
 * 1981 - Umm al-Qura University established.
 * 1986 - King Abdul Aziz Stadium opens.
 * 1987 - 31 July: 1987 Mecca incident.
 * 1992 - Population: 965,697.
 * 1997 - 16 April: Mecca fire of 1997.

21st century

 * 2005 - April: 2005 Islamic Solidarity Games held in city.
 * 2006 / 1426-1427 H
 * 5 January: 2006 Mecca hostel collapse.
 * 12 January: 2006 Hajj stampede.
 * December: Abraj al Bait Mall in business.
 * 2007 - Jamaraat Bridge for pedestrians rebuilt.
 * 2010
 * Al Mashaaer Al Mugaddassah Metro begins operating.
 * Makkah Clock Royal Tower Hotel in business.
 * 1,534,731.
 * 2012
 * August: Fourth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference held in city.
 * Abraj Al Bait built.
 * 2013 - Mishaal bin Abdullah Al Saud becomes governor of Mecca Province.
 * 2014 / 1435-1436 H - Raffles Makkah Palace hotel and Swissôtel Makkah in business.
 * 2015
 * 13 July: City visible via Snapchat imagery.
 * September: Mecca crane collapse.