User:Andrew Lancaster/Drafts/J1

Notes for the J1 article

Chiaroni 2009

 * "The southerly pattern of decreasing expansion time estimates is consistent with the serial drift and founder effect processes. The first such migration is predicted to have occurred at the onset of the Neolithic, and accordingly J1e parallels the establishment of rain-fed agriculture and semi-nomadic herders throughout the Fertile Crescent. Subsequently, J1e lineages might have been involved in episodes of the expansion of pastoralists into arid habitats coinciding with the spread of Arabic and other Semitic-speaking populations."
 * "J1 (DYS388=13)"
 * "Previous studies of J1-M2672, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 have found it to occur at high frequencies among the Arabic-speaking populations of the Middle East, conventionally interpreted as reflecting the spread of Islam in the first millennium CE.8 However, before the middle first millennium CE, a variety of Semitic languages were spoken throughout the Middle East. "
 * Previous studies quoted here: -
 * 2.Semino O, Mari C, Benuzzi G et al: Origin, diffusion and differentiation of Y-chromosome haplogroups E and J: inferences on the Neolithization of Europe and later migratory events in the Mediterranean area. Am J of Hum Genet 2004; 74: 1023–1034. | Article | ChemPort |
 * 3.Luis JR, Rowold DW, Regueiro M et al: The Levantine versus the Horn of Africa: evidence for bi-directional corridors of human migrations. Am J of Hum Genet 2004; 74: 532–544. | Article | ChemPort |
 * 4.Di Giacomo F, Luca F, Popa LO et al: Y chromosomal haplogroup J as a signature of the post-neolithic colonization of Europe. Hum Genet 2004; 115: 357–371. | Article | PubMed | ChemPort |
 * 5.Arredi B, Poloni ES, Paracchini S et al: A predominantly Neolithic origin for Y-chromosomal DNA variation in North Africa. Am J of Hum Genet 2004; 75: 338–345. | Article | ChemPort |
 * 6.Cadenas AM, Zhivotovsky LA, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Underhill PA, Herrera RJ: Y-chromosome diversity characterizes the Gulf of Oman. Eur J Hum Genet 2008; 16: 374–386. | Article | PubMed | ChemPort |
 * 7.Zalloua PA, Xue Y, Khalife J et al: Y-chromosomal diversity in Lebanon is structured by recent historical events. Am J Hum Genet 2008; 82: 873–882. | Article | PubMed | ChemPort |


 * "Although the haplogroup diversification within J1e remains incomplete, the somewhat rare J1e1-M368  provides an insight into the geographical origin of J1e. It has been reported both in the Black Sea region of Turkey1 and Dagestan in the northeast Caucasus.18 Furthermore, J1e1-M368 displays the YCAII 19-22 pattern. Although the haplogroup relationships of YCAII alleles are unstable, nevertheless in the context of haplogroup J1, they are suggestive that the prevalent YCAII 22-22 variety may have evolved from a YCAII 19-22 ancestor."
 * Previous studies quoted here: -
 * 1.Cinnioğlu C, King R, Kivisild T et al: Excavating Y-chromosome haplotype strata in Anatolia. Hum Genet 2004; 114: 127–148. | Article | PubMed | ISI
 * 18.Tofanelli S, Ferri G, Bulayeva K et al: J1-M267 Y lineage marks climate-driven pre-historical human displacements. Eur J Hum Genet 2009. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2009.58.

Cadenas 2008

 * "the distribution and STR-based analyses of J1-M267 representatives points to their spread from the north, most likely during the Neolithic."
 * "Based on binary and STR markers, the greatest degree of differentiation for J1-M267 is detected in the Levant with two distinct demographic dispersals generating its current distribution. A higher observed STR diversity of this clade among Europeans and Ethiopians in comparison to populations of North Africa points to its arrival to Ethiopia and Europe during Neolithic times with a more recent appearance in the latter.58 Semino et al58 describe a YCAIIa22-YCAIIb22 motif in the North African (>90%) and Middle Eastern (>70%) J1-M267 representatives that is less frequent in Ethiopia and Europe, postulating that the dispersal of the M267-YCAIIa22-YCAIIb22 clade occurred during the Arab expansion in the seventh century A.D."
 * Previous studies quoted here: -
 * 23.Semino O, Passarino G, Oefner PJ et al: The genetic legacy of Paleolithic Homo sapiens sapiens in extant Europeans: a Y chromosome perspective. Science 2000; 290: 1155–1159. | Article | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |

Tofanelli 2009

 * "The present day distribution of Y chromosomes bearing the haplogroup J1 M267*G variant has been associated with different episodes of human demographic history, the main one being the diffusion of Islam since the Early Middle Ages. To better understand the modes and timing of J1 dispersals, we reconstructed the genealogical relationships among 282 M267*G chromosomes from 29 populations typed at 20 YSTRs and 6 SNPs. Phylogenetic analyses depicted a new genetic background consistent with climate-driven demographic dynamics occurring during two key phases of human pre-history: (1) the spatial expansion of hunter gatherers in response to the end of the late Pleistocene cooling phases and (2) the displacement of groups of foragers/herders following the mid-Holocene rainfall retreats across the Sahara and Arabia. Furthermore, J1 STR motifs previously used to trace Arab or Jewish ancestries were shown unsuitable as diagnostic markers for ethnicity."


 * "Results for Arabic populations and associated STR motifs (Galilee, Dys388*17/YCAII*22–22) excluded the timeline of the Arab expansion (1.35 KyBP), even from their lower confidence bounds, and pointed to a mid-Holocene time frame of 5.5–7.2 KyBP (median TMRCAs). This time window is related to a pre-historic phase of regionalisation in the human occupation of Sahara and Arabia, when semi-nomadic tribes, once diffused all over the Desert, retreated in water-rich refuges (ie, the Atlas range,15 the Sudanese plateau,16 Southern Arabia17) as a consequence of the rapid decline of monsoon rainfalls. In Eastern Sahara, it is associated with the rise of a dual productive economy, where specialised cattle pastoralism came to coexist with sedentary lifestyles, cereal farming and pottery production, clearly rooted in near East traditions. The genetic legacy of the mid-Holocene dispersal of foraging groups in the Sudanese Sahara, North Africa and Arabia would be tracked by Arabic J1-M267 chromosomes while the dispersal of agro–pastoralists with near eastern origins by other Y (E1b-M34 and E1b-M7818) or mitochondrial (U6b19) lineages."

Cann 2002
Used by Chiaroni:-
 * 34.Cann HM, de Toma C, Cazes L et al: A human genome diversity cell panel. Science 2002; 296: 261–262.