User:Aza24/The arts

The arts are a wide range of human practices which use skill or imagination for the creation of human expression, storytelling and cultural participation. In the broadest sense, categories of the arts may include the decorative arts, graphic arts, literary arts, performing arts, plastic arts and visual arts.

Terminology
The arts are a broad range of creative activity and most reference works stress their use of skill or imagination. On trying define such subjects, the anthropologist Evelyn Payne Hatcher remarked that they are "not definable in the way objects can be defined; there are no right or wrong definitions, just more or less usual or useful ones". The arts are often created with aesthetic principles or values in mind, formally evaluated as aesthetic taste. Products of artistic creation may include environments, experiences and objects.

Since the arts is a count noun and essentially the plural of art, the two are occasionally interchangeable. Although without context or modification, art typically refers to solely the visual arts, whereas the arts is always a broader group, including some kind of performative and literary pursuits as well. The historian Paul Oskar Kristeller explains that "although the terms "Art," " Fine Arts " or " Beaux Arts " are often identified with the visual arts alone, they are also quite commonly understood in a broader sense." The Fine Arts in particular are a more specific subset rooted in the 19th-century Western Enlightenment. They are judged made for aesthetic and intellectual purposes.

Although, the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica defined them as five practices: architecture, sculpture, painting, music and poetry, but they have

[craft] Craft sometimes comes under the guise of decorative arts specifically Fariello|p=18 https://www.google.com/books/edition/Objects_and_Meaning/7YShOpQEuygC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22art%20and%20craft%22

[fine arts] Fine arts

https://www.jstor.org/stable/546447 (liberal arts)

History
The arts are typically considered as having emerged in the Paleolithic period of prehistory, although whether this was the Middle Paleolithic (c. 300–50 years ago (ka)) or the Upper Paleolithic (c. 50–12 ka) is disputed. Evidence for arts during the earlier Middle Paleolithic controversial, as the emergence of Behavioral modernity—the capacity for distinguishable human cognition—is traditionally dated to the later Upper Paleolithic. Proposed objects such as the Venus of Tan-Tan and Divje Babe flute have been intensely debated as genuine artifacts or objects formed from natural events or formed by non-human animals. From the Upper Paleolithic, the earliest visual arts are cave paintings and small female sculptures known as Venus figurine. The oldest of these are cave paintings of pigs in Sulawesi, Indonesia (43,900 BP), and the Venus of Hohle Fels of its namesake cave in Swabian Jura, Germany (35,000 BP). The earliest confirmed traces of music are from the same region of Germany: prehistoric bone flutes found in caves, the oldest being three from the Geissenklösterle cave (c. 43,150–39,370 BP). The earliest extant literature appears much in c. 2600 BCE with Sumerian cuneiform tablets from Abu Salabikh such as the Instructions of Shuruppak and Kesh temple hymn. Prehistoric evidence for other forms of art is rarer, although children's' footprints from the Cave of the Trois-Frères may indicate dance during a ritual. The arts were probably used for shamanistic rituals, which may have been for prehistoric religion, regulation of emotions, or social bonding.

Like the prehistoric period, the arts of the ancient world were closely connected to each other, and usually produced or performed for a specific commission or event. Artists or performers were usually of low status and considered craftsman, who often had no need to strive for particular originality.

Because of their practical motivations [considered low status etc] or "an artisan rather than an artist" as described by Martindale artisan also: https://archive.org/details/artascultureintr0000hatc/page/242/mode/2up?view=theater

medieval (p. 58) https://archive.org/details/aestheticsstudyo00feib/page/58/mode/2up?view=theater&q=%22the+arts%22

ren https://archive.org/details/artistictheoryin0000blun/page/48/mode/2up?view=theater

modern propoganda https://www.jstor.org/stable/850880?seq=2

Function
"The arts occur overwhelmingly in contexts of group assembly and deal with issues of collective importance. In traditional cultures... "

The arts

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Refer back to
"Rather, the recorded history of the arts reveals that far from being divorced from political, religious, and economic concerns, they have long been intimately interconnected. Vested with the explicit responsibility in many countries for cultivating the arts, and educating young and old alike in the arts, arts educators" – https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/10.2979 (p. 16)

Inter-arts collaboration https://www.google.com/books/edition/Art_and_Society/ZEl7XFNT-gcC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=The+history+of+the+arts+is+rich+with+examples+of+collaboration:+between+the+hardhewer+and+freestone+mason,+between+the+artist+and+the+printmaker,+between+the+singer+and+composer&pg=PA224&printsec=frontcover

Evolutionary change https://archive.org/details/artascultureintr0000hatc/page/168/mode/2up?view=theater


 * Blackwell Companions to Philosophy A Companion to Aesthetics – chp 2 – on Wily (through TWL)