User:Gwillhickers/sources


 * First Anglo-Dutch War, 1652–1654
 * Battle of Plymouth, 16 August, 1652

Dutch British
 * Second Anglo-Dutch War, 4 March 1665 – 31 July 1667
 * Battle of Lowestoft, 13 June, 1665
 * Four Days' Battle, 11 June to 14 June 1666
 * St. James' Day Battle, 25 July 1666
 * Cornelis Evertsen the Elder, 4 August 1610 – 11 June 1666
 * Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest, 16 November 1642 – 16 November 1706
 * Cornelis Tromp, 3 September 1629 – 29 May 1691
 * Michiel de Ruyter, 24 March 1607 – 29 April 1676
 * James II of England, 14 October 1633 – 16 September 1701
 * George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, 6 December 1608 – 3 January 1670
 * Robert Blake (admiral), 27 September 1598 – 17 August 1657

April
April 20, 2023




 * (Reprinted 1941, 1945, 1948,1950,1952, 1956)



















April 22, 2023





April 23



















April 30, 2023











































































May
May 1, 2023

























May 2, 2023



















May 3


































 * {{cite book |last=Thorpe |first=Francis Newton |title=The Constitutional History of the United States, 1861-1895 (in three volumes} |volume=II |authorlink=Francis Newton Thorpe |publisher=Callahan & Company |location=Chicago |year=1911 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/constitutionalh07thorgoog/page/n6/mode/2up |ref=thorpe1901a}}


 * {{cite book |last=Thorpe |first=Francis Newton |title=The Constitutional History of the United States, 1861-1895 (in three volumes} |volume=II |authorlink=Francis Newton Thorpe |publisher=Callahan & Company |location=Chicago |year=1901 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/constitutionalh13thorgoog/page/n6/mode/2up |ref=thorpe1901b}}


 * {{cite book |last=Thorpe |first=Francis Newton |title=The Constitutional History of the United States, 1861-1895 (in three volumes} |volume=III |authorlink=Francis Newton Thorpe |publisher=Callahan & Company |location=Chicago |year=1901 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/constitutionalh08thorgoog/page/n6/mode/2up |ref=thorpe1901c}}





















May 4









































May 5



























May 6

































May 8






















 * Three volumes in one work, 2013









































May 9



































Friedenwald, The Journals and Papers of the Continental Congress2 Secret Journals of the Congress of the Confederation





















May 10















































May 11







“You give me a credit to which I have no claim, in calling me ‘The writer of the Constitution of the U. S." -- Madison







May 12






 * Schwartz, 1992, pp. 6, 18







































May 13















































May 14






 * {{efn|On the eve of the American Revolution, to be precise, on the ninth of March, 1776, a revolution occurred in the realm of thought: economics emerged as a science. The cause of that revolution was the publication of Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations.


 * {{cite book |last=Smith |first=Adam |editor=Professor Edwin R. A. Seligman |author-mask=2 |editor-mask=2 |title=The Wealth of Nations |volume=I |author-link=Adam Smith |publisher=London : J.M. Dent & Sons ; New York : E.P. Dutton |year=1910 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/thewealthofnatio00smituoft/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=smith1910a}}


 * {{cite book |last=Smith |first=Adams |title=The Wealth of Nations |volume= |author-link= |publisher=The Bobbs-Merrill company, Inc. |year=1961 |isbn= |url= |ref=smith1961}}


 * {{cite book |last=Schneider |first=Herbert W. |title=A History Of American Philosophy |volume= |author-link=Herbert Schneider |publisher=Columbia University Press |location=New York |year=1946 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofamerica032212mbp/page/n7/mode/2up |ref=schneider1946}}


 * {{cite book |last=Smith |first=Adam |title=An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations |volume=I |author-link=Adam Smith |publisher=Printed for A. Strahan and T. Cadell |location=London |year=1793 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/inquiryintonatur01insmit/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=smith1793a}}


 * {{cite book |last=Smith |first=Adam |title=An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations |volume=I |author-link=Adam Smith |author-mask=2 |publisher=Printed for A. Strahan and T. Cadell |location=London |year=1793 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/inquiryintonatur02insmit/page/n3/mode/2up |ref=smith1793a}


 * {{cite book |last=Smith |first=Adam |title=An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations |volume=III |author-link=Adam Smith |author-mask=2 |publisher=Printed for A. Strahan and T. Cadell |location=London |year=1793 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/inquiryintonatur03smit/page/n3/mode/2up |ref=smith1793a}


 * {{cite book |last=Smith |first=Adam |title=An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations |volume=I |author-link=Adam Smith |author-mask= |publisher=Printed for W. Strahan; and T. Cadell, in the Strand |location=London |year=1776 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/inquiryintonatur01smit_0/page/n3/mode/2up |ref=smith1776a}


 * {{cite book |last=Smith |first=Adam |title=An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations |volume=II |author-link=Adam Smith |author-mask=2 |publisher=Printed for W. Strahan; and T. Cadell, in the Strand |location=London |year=1776 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/inquiryintonatur02smit_0/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=smith1776b}


 * {{cite book |last=Koch |first=Adrienne |title=The American Enlightenment: The Shaping of the American Experiment and a Free Society |volume= |author-link=Adrienne Koch |publisher=George Braziller |location=New York |year=1965 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/americanenlighte0000unse_x3y6/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=koch1965}}


 * {{cite book |editor-last=Schneider |editor-first=Isidor |title=The Enlightenment: The Culture of the Eighteenth Century |volume= |author-link=Isidor Schneider |publisher=George Braziller |location=New York |year=1965 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/enlightenment0000unse_n4u3/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=schneider1965}}


 * {{cite book |editor-last=Manuel |editor-first=Frank E. |title=The Enlightenment |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Prentice-Hall, Inc. |location=Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey |year=1965 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/enlightenment0000fran |ref=Manuel1965}}


 * {{cite book |last=Allan |first=David |title=Virtue, Learning, and the Scottish Enlightenment : ideas of scholarship in early modern history |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |location=Edinburgh |year=1993 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/virtuelearningsc0000alla |ref=allan1993}}


 * {{cite book |last=Rendall |first=Jane |title=The Origins of the Scottish enlightenment |volume= |author-link=Jane Rendell |publisher=St. Martin's Press |location=New York |year=1978 |isbn=978-1-7888-5422-1 |url=https://archive.org/details/originsofscottis0000unse |ref=rendall1978}}


 * {{cite book |last1=Muelder |first1=Walter G. |last2=Sears |first2=Laurence |title=The Development Of American Philosophy |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Company |year=1940 |location=Boston; New York |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/developmentofame032109mbp/page/n5/mode/2up?q=enlightenment |ref=muelder1940}}


 * {{cite book |last=Stewart |first=Michael Alexander |title=Studies in the philosophy of the Scottish Enlightenment |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Oxford [England] : Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-1982-4966-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/studiesinphiloso00mast_0 |ref=Stewart1990}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Tanaka |first=Hideo |author-link= |title=The Scottish Enlightenment and Its Influence on the American Enlightenment |journal=The Kyoto Economic Review |pages=16-39 |publisher=Kyoto University |volume=79 |issue=1 |date=June 2010 |jstor=43213383 |doi= |ref=Tanaka2010}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Bailyn |first=Bernard |author-link=Bernard Bailyn |title=Political Experience and Enlightenment Ideas in Eighteenth-Century America |journal=The American Historical Review |pages=339-351 |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume=67 |issue=2 |date=January 1962 |jstor=1843427 |doi=10.2307/1843427 |ref=bailyn1962}}

May 15


 * {{cite book |last=Greene |first=Jack P. |title=Negotiated authorities : essays in colonial political and Constitutional history |volume= |author-link=Jack P. Greene |publisher=University Press of Virginia |location=Charlottesville |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-8139-1517-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/negotiatedauthor0000gree |ref=greene1994}}


 * {{cite book |last=Greene |first=Jack P. |title=The constitutional origins of the American Revolution |volume= |author-link=Jack P. Greene |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge ; New York |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-1394-9293-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/constitutionalor0000gree |ref=2001}}


 * {{cite book |last=Greene |first=Jack P. |title=Peripheries and center : constitutional development in the extended polities of the British Empire and the United States, 1607-1788 |volume= |author-link=Jack P. Greene |publisher=University of Georgia Press |location=Athens, Georgia |year=1986 |isbn=978-0-8203-0878-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/peripheriescente0000gree/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=1986}}


 * {{cite book |last=Hume |first=David |title=The Philosophical Works of David Hume |volume=I |author-link=David Hume |publisher=Little, Brown and Company |location=Boston |orig-year=1777 |year=1854 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/philosophicalworks01humerich/page/n7/mode/2up |ref=hume1}}


 * {{cite book |last=Hume |first=David |title=The Philosophical Works of David Hume |volume=II |author-link=David Hume |author-mask=2 |publisher=Little, Brown and Company |location=Boston |orig-year=1777 |year=1854 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/philosophicalworks02humerich/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=hume2}}


 * {{cite book |last=Hume |first=David |title=The Philosophical Works of David Hume |volume=III |author-link=David Hume |author-mask=2 |publisher=Little, Brown and Company |location=Boston |orig-year=1777 |year=1854 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/philosophicalworks03humerich/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=hume3}}


 * {{cite book |last=Hume |first=David |title=The Philosophical Works of David Hume |volume=IV |author-link=David Hume |author-mask=2 |publisher=Little, Brown and Company |location=Boston |orig-year=1777 |year=1854 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/philosophicalworks04humerich/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=hume4}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Werner |first=John M. |author-link= |title=David Hume and America |journal=Journal of the History of Ideas |pages=439-456 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |volume=33 |issue=3 |date=July-September 1972 |jstor=2709045 |doi=10.2307/2709045 |ref=werner1972}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Adair |first=Douglass |author-link= |title="That Politics May Be Reduced to a Science": David Hume, James Madison, and the Tenth Federalist |journal=Huntington Library Quarterly |pages=343-360 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |volume=20 |issue=4 |date=August 1957 |jstor=3816276 |doi=10.2307/3816276 |ref=adair1957}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Manzer |first=Robert A. |author-link= |title=A Science of Politics: Hume, The Federalist, and the Politics of Constitutional Attachment |journal=American Journal of Political Science |pages=508-518 |publisher=Midwest Political Science Association |volume=45 |issue=3 |date=July 2001 |jstor=2669235 |doi=10.2307/2669235 |ref=manzer2001}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Spencer |first=Mark G. |author-link= |title=Hume and Madison on Faction |journal=The William and Mary Quarterly |pages=869-896 |publisher=Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture |volume=59 |issue=4 |date=October 2002 |jstor=3491574 |doi=10.2307/3491574 |ref=spencer2002}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Coenen |first=Dan T. |author-link= |title=A Rhetoric for Ratification: The Argument of "The Federalist" and Its Impact on Constitutional Interpretation |journal=Duke Law Journal |pages=569-543 |publisher=Duke University School of Law |volume=56 |issue=2 |date=November 2006 |jstor=40040551 |doi= |ref=coenen2006}}


 * {{cite journal |last1=Corley |first1=Pamela C. |last2=Howard |first2=Robert M. |last3=Nixon |first3=David C. |author-link= |title=The Supreme Court and Opinion Content: The Use of the Federalist Papers |journal=Political Research Quarterly |pages=329-340 |publisher=Sage Publications, Inc.: University of Utah |volume=68 |issue=2 |date=January 2005 |jstor=3595633 |doi=10.2307/3595633 |ref=corley2005}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Miller |first=Joshua |author-link= |title=The Ghostly Body Politic: The Federalist Papers and Popular Sovereignty |journal=Political Theory |pages=99-119 |publisher=Sage Publications, Inc.: University of Utah |volume=16 |issue=1 |date=February 1968 |jstor=191649 |doi= |ref=miller1988}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Morgan |first=Edmund S. |author-link= |title=Safety in Numbers: Madison, Hume, and the Tenth "Federalist" |journal=Huntington Library Quarterly |pages=95-112 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |volume=49 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1986 |jstor=3817178 |doi=10.2307/3817178 |ref=morgan1986}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Arkin |first=Marc M. |author-link= |title="The Intractable Principle:" David Hume, James Madison, Religion, and the Tenth Federalist |journal=The American Journal of Legal History |pages=148-176 |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume=39 |issue=2 |date=August 1995 |jstor=845899 |doi=10.2307/845899 |ref=arkin1995}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Conniff |first=James |author-link= |title=The Enlightenment and American Political Thought: A Study of the Origins of Madison's Federalist Number 10 |journal=Political Theory |pages=381-402 |publisher=Sage Publications, Inc.: University of Utah. |volume=8 |issue=2 |date=August 1980 |jstor=190920 |doi= |ref=conniff1980}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Morgan |first=Robert J. |author-link= |title=Madison's Theory of Representation in the Tenth Federalist |journal=The Journal of Politics |pages=852-885 |publisher=The University of Chicago Press |volume=36 |issue=4 |date=December 1974 |jstor=2129398 |doi=10.2307/2129398 |ref=morgan1974}}

May 16


 * {{cite book |last=Vaughan |first=Harold Cecil |title=The Constitutional Convention, 1787 : the beginning of Federal Government in America |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Franklin Watts |location=New York ; London |year=1971 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/constitutionalco0000vaug |ref=vaughan1976}}


 * {{cite book |last=Corwin |first=Edward Samuel |title=Court over Constitution : a study of judicial review as an instrument of popular government |volume= |author-link=Edward Samuel Corwin |publisher=Peter Smith Publishers |location=Gloucester, Massachusetts |year=1957 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/courtoverconstit0000corw/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=corwin1957}}


 * {{cite book |last=Hirschfield |first=Robert S. |title=The Constitution and the Court : the development of the basic law through judicial interpretation |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Random House |location=New York |year=1962 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/constitutioncour0000hirs |ref=hirschfield1962}}


 * {{cite book |last=White |first=Leonard Dupee |title=The Federalists;: A study in administrative history |volume= |author-link=Leonard Dupee White |publisher=The Macmillan Company |location=New York |year=1948 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/federalistsstudy0000leon/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=white1948}}


 * {{cite book |last=Caldwell |first==Lynton K. |title=The Administrative Theories of Hamilton & Jefferson: Their Contribution to Thought on Public Administration |volume= |author-link=Lynton K. Caldwell |publisher=Rusell & Rusell inc. |location=New York |year=1944 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/administrativeth0000lynt/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=caldwell1944}}


 * {{cite book |last=Commmager |first=Henry Steele |title=The empire of reason : how Europe imagined and America realized the enlightenment |volume= |author-link=Henry Steele Commager |publisher=Anchor Press/Doubleday |location=Garden City, New York|year=1977 |isbn=978-0-3851-1672-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/empireofreasonho00comm |ref=Commager1977}}


 * {{cite book |last=Commmager |first=Henry Steele |title=Jefferson, nationalism, and the enlightenment |volume= |author-link= |publisher=G. Braziller |location=New York |year=1975 |orig-year=1975 |isbn=978-1-6282-0095-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/jeffersonnationa00comm |ref=commager1975}}


 * {{cite book |last=Wills |first=Garry |title=George Washington and the Enlightenment |volume= |author-link=Garry Wills |publisher=Robert Hale Publishers |location=London |year=1985 |isbn=978-0-3851-7562-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/georgewashington0000will_o6w1/mode/2up |ref=wills1985}}


 * {{cite book |editor1-last=McDowell |editor1-first=Gary L. |editor2-last=O'Neill |editor2-first=Jonathan |title=America and Enlightenment Constitutionalism |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Springer |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-2306-0106-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F4FaCwAAQBAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0 |ref=mcdowell2007}}{{efn|Work contains ten chapters with an author for each.}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Schwarz |first=Michael |author-link= |title=The Great Divergence Reconsidered: Hamilton, Madison, and U.S.-British Relations, 1783-89 |journal=Journal of the Early Republic |pages=407-436 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |volume=27 |issue=3 |date=Fall 2007 |jstor=30043515 |doi= |ref=Schwarz2007}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Sheehan |first=Colleen A. |author-link= |title=Madison v. Hamilton: The Battle over Republicanism and the Role of Public Opinion |journal=The American Political Science Review |pages=405-424 |publisher=American Political Science Association |volume=98 |issue=3 |date=August 2004 |jstor=4145337 |doi= |ref=sheehan2004}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Pratt |first=Ronald L. |author-link= |title=Alexander Hamilton: The Separation of Powers |journal=Public Affairs Quarterly |pages=101-115 |publisher=University of Illinois Press on behalf of North American Philosophical Publications |volume=5 |issue=1 |date=January 1991 |jstor=40435772 |doi= |ref=Pratt1991}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Greeson |first=Jennifer |author-link= |title=American Enlightenment: The New World and Modern Western Thought |journal=American Literary History |pages=6-17 |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume=25 |issue=1 |date=Spring 2013 |jstor= |doi= |ref=greeson2013}}


 * {{cite journal |last=May |first=Henry F. |author-link= |title=The Problem of the American Enlightenment |journal=New Literary History |pages=201-214 |publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press |volume=1 |issue=2 |date=Winter 1970 |jstor=468628 |doi=10.2307/468628 |ref=May1970}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Koritansky |first=John C. |author-link= |title=Alexander Hamilton's Philosophy of Government and Administration |journal=Publius |pages=99-122 |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume=9 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1979 |jstor=3329736 |doi= |ref=koritansky1979}}

May 17


 * {{cite book |last=Rahe |first=Paul Anthony |title=Montesquieu and the Logic of Liberty: War, Religion, Commerce, Climate, Terrain, Technology, Uneasiness of Mind, the Spirit of Political Vigilance, and the Foundations of the Modern Republic |volume= |author-link=Paul A. Rahe |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-3001-5611-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i7aEzQEACAAJ&vq=constitution |ref=rahe2009}}


 * {{cite book |last=Montesquieu |first=Baron De |editor=Hon. Frederic R. Coudert |translator1-last=Nugent |translator1-first=Thomas |title=The spirit of laws |volume=I |author-link= |publisher=P. F. Collier & Son |year=1900 |orig-year=1748 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/spiritoflaws0001baro/page/n7/mode/2up |ref=montesquieu1}}{{efn|Original version published in 1748.}}


 * {{cite book |last=Montesquieu |first=Baron De |editor=Hon. Frederic R. Coudert |title=The spirit of laws |volume=II |author-link= |publisher=P. F. Collier & Son |year=1900 |orig-year=1748 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/spiritoflaws0002baro_x1y3/page/n7/mode/2up |ref=montesquieu2}}


 * {{cite book |last=Richards |first=David A. J. |title=Foundations of American Constitutionalism |volume= |author-link=David A. J. Richards |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1989 |isbn=978-0-1950-5939-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3jPnCwAAQBAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0 |ref=richards1989}}


 * {{cite book |last=Richards |first=David A. J. |title=Revolution and Constitutionalism in Britain and the United States: Burke, Madison and Their Contemporary Legacies |volume= |author-link=David A. J. Richards |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=2023 |isbn=978-1-0325-3006-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dL7WzwEACAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0 |ref=richards2023}}


 * {{cite book |last=Richards |first=David A. J. |title=Conscience and the Constitution: History, Theory, and Law of the Reconstruction Amendments |volume= |author-link=David A. J. Richards |publisher= |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-4008-6356-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n0IABAAAQBAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0 |ref=richards2014}}


 * {{cite book |last=Adams |first=John |title=A defence of the constitutions of government of the United States of America |volume=I |author-link=John Adams |publisher=Printed by Budd and Bartram for William Cobbett, opposite Christ church |location=London |location=Philadelphia |year=1787-1788 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/defenceofconstit01adam/page/n7/mode/2up |ref=adams1}}


 * {{cite book |last=Adams |first=John |title=A defence of the constitutions of government of the United States of America |volume=II |author-link=John Adams |author-mask=2|publisher=Printed for C. Dilly |location=London |year=1787-1788 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/defenceofconstit02aadam/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=adams2}}


 * {{cite book |last=Adams |first=John |title=A defence of the constitutions of government of the United States of America |volume=III |author-link=John Adams |author-mask=2|publisher=Printed for C. Dilly |location=London |year=1797 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/defenceofconstit03aadam/page/n3/mode/2up |ref=adams3}}

May 18


 * {{cite book |last=Simon |first=James F. |title=What kind of nation : Thomas Jefferson, John Marshall, and the epic struggle to create a United States |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Thorndike Press |location=Waterville, Maine |year=2002 |isbn=0-7862-4547-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/whatkindofnation0000simo_r7y8 |ref=Simon2002}}


 * {{cite book |last=Calvert |first=Jane E. |title=Quaker constitutionalism and the political thought of John Dickinson |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge ; New York |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-5218-8436-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/quakerconstituti0000calv |ref=Calvert2009}}


 * {{cite book |last=Howard |first=Dick |title=The birth of American political thought, 1763-87 |volume= |author-link=A.E. Dick Howard |translator=Curtis, David Ames |publisher=University of Minnesota Press |location=Minneapolis |year=1989 |isbn=978-0-8166-1832-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/birthofamericanp0000howa |ref=howard1989}}


 * {{cite book |last=Koch |first=Adrienne |title=Jefferson and Madison : the great collaboration |volume= |author-link=Adrienne Koch |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |year=1964 |isbn=978-0-1950-0420-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/jeffersonmadison0000unse_q0e5/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=koch1964}}

May 19


 * {{cite book |last=Mace |first=George |title=Locke, Hobbes, and the Federalist Papers: An Essay on the Genesis of the American Political Heritage |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Southern Illinois University Press |year=1979 |isbn=978-0-8093-0890-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LAeFAAAAMAAJ |quote=Key words: John Locke, Montesquieu, Founding Fathers, Publius, Hobbes |ref=mace1979}}


 * {{cite book |last=Forbes |first=Duncan |title=Hume's philosophical politics |volume= |author-link=Duncan Forbes (historian) |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge ; New York |year=1975 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/humesphilosophic0000forb/page/n5/mode/2up |quote=Hume advocated the grant of total independence to the American colonies . . . |ref=forbes1975}}


 * {{cite book |last=Spurlin |first=Paul Merrill |title=Montesquieu in America, 1760-1801 |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Octagon Books |location=New York |year=1969 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/montesquieuiname0000unse/page/n7/mode/2up |quote=Key words: James Madison, Spirit of Laws, Constitution |ref=spurlin1969}}


 * {{cite book |last=Mace |first=George |title=Locke, Hobbes, and the Federalist Papers: An Essay on the Genesis of the American Political Heritage |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Southern Illinois University Press |year=1979 |isbn=978-0-8093-0890-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LAeFAAAAMAAJ |ref=mace1979}}


 * {{cite book |last=Dunning |first=William Archibald |title=A history of political theories, Ancient and Mideval |volume=I |author-link=William Archibald Dunning |publisher=Macmillan |location=New York |year=1921 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofpolitic01dunniala/page/n5/mode/2up |quote=Key words in volumes 1-3: Madison, Jefferson, Montesquieu, Constitution, American, Separation of powers, Locke, Hobbes |ref=dunning1921a}}


 * {{cite book |last=Dunning |first=William Archibald |author-mask=2 |title=A history of political theories, From Luther to Montewsqieu |volume=II |author-link=William Archibald Dunning |publisher=Macmillan |location=New York |year=1921 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofpolitic02dunniala/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=dunning1921b}}


 * {{cite book |last=Dunning |first=William Archibald |author-mask=2 |title=A history of political theories, From Rouddeau to Spencer |volume=III |author-link=William Archibald Dunning |publisher=Macmillan |location=New York |year=1921 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofpolitic02dunniala/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=dunning1921c}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Howe |first=Daniel W. |author-link= |title=The Political Psychology of The Federalist |journal=The William and Mary Quarterly |pages=485-509 |publisher=Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture |volume=44 |issue=3 |date=July 1987 |jstor=1939767 |doi=10.2307/1939767 |quote=Key words: Enlightenment, Publius Montesquieu |ref=howe1987}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Levy |first=Jacob T. |author-link=Jacob T. Levy |title=Beyond Publius: Montesquieu, Liberal Republicanism and the Small-Republic Thesis |journal=History of Political Thought |pages=50-90 |publisher=Imprint Academic Ltd. |volume=27 |issue=1 |date=Spring 2006 |jstor=26221900 |doi= |quote=Key words: The Spirit of Laws, David Hume, Adam Smith |ref=levy2006}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Wolfe |first=Christopher |author-link=Christopher Wolfe |title=The Confederate Republic in Montesquieu |journal=Polity |pages=427-445 |publisher=The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Northeastern Political Science Association |volume=9 |issue=4 |date=Summer 1977 |jstor=3234324 |doi=10.2307/3234324 |quote=Key words: Federalist Papers, Madison, The Spirit of the Laws |ref=wolfe1977}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Ward |first=Lee |author-link=Lee Ward |title=Montesquieu on Federalism and Anglo-Gothic Constitutionalism |journal=Publius |pages=551-577 |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume=37 |issue=4 |date=Fall 2007 |jstor=20184956 |doi= |quote=Key words: Separation of Powers |ref=ward2007}}


 * {{cite journal |last= |first= |author-link= |title=The Design of Montesquieu's "The Spirit of the Laws": The Triumph of Freedom over Determinism |journal= |pages= |publisher= |volume= |issue= |date= |year= |url= |jstor= |doi= |ref=}}

May 20


 * {{cite book |last=Kelly |first=Alfred Hinsey |title=Foundations of freedom in the American Constitution |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Books for Libraries Press |location=Freeport, New York |year=1972 |isbn=0-8369-2696-X |url=https://archive.org/details/foundationsoffre0000kell/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=kelly1972}}

May 21


 * {{cite book |last= |first= |editor=United States; Bureau of Rolls and Library |title=Documentary history of the Constitution of the United States of America, 1786-1870 |volume=I |editor-link=United States Department of State |publisher=Department of State |location=Washington |year=1901 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/documentaryhisto01unit/page/n5/mode/2up |quote=Key words, vols I-V: Madison, Washington, Jefferson, Hamilton, Franklin, Convention, Bill of Rights|ref=dos1}}{{efn|Five volume work contains much of the correspondence between Madison, Jefferson, Washington, et al.}}


 * {{cite book |last= |first= |editor=United States; Bureau of Rolls and Library |editor-mask=2 |title=Documentary history of the Constitution of the United States of America, 1786-1870 |volume=II |editor-link=United States Department of State |publisher=Department of State |location=Washington |year=1901 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/documentaryhisto02unit/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=dos2}}


 * {{cite book |last= |first= |editor=United States; Bureau of Rolls and Library |editor-mask=2 |title=Documentary history of the Constitution of the United States of America, 1786-1870 |volume=III |editor-link=United States Department of State |publisher=Department of State |location=Washington |year=1901 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/documentaryhisto03unit/page/n7/mode/2up |ref=dos3}}


 * {{cite book |last= |first= |editor=United States; Bureau of Rolls and Library |editor-mask=2 |title=Documentary history of the Constitution of the United States of America, 1786-1870 |volume=IV |editor-link=United States Department of State |publisher=Department of State |location=Washington |year=1901 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/documentaryhisto04unit/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=dos4}}


 * {{cite book |last= |first= |editor=United States; Bureau of Rolls and Library |editor-mask=2 |title=Documentary history of the Constitution of the United States of America, 1786-1870 |volume=V |editor-link=United States Department of State |publisher=Department of State |location=Washington |year=1901 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/documentaryhisto05unit/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=dos5}}


 * {{cite book |last=Banning |first=Lance |title=The Jeffersonian persuasion : Evolution of a party ideology |volume= |author-link=Lance Banning |publisher=Cornell University Press |location=Ithaca, New York |year=1978 |isbn=0-8014-1151-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/jeffersonianpers00lanc |ref=banning1978}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Goebel |first=Julius, Jr. |author-link= |title=Constitutional History and Constitutional Law |journal=Columbia Law Review |pages=555-557 |publisher=Columbia Law Review Association, Inc. |volume=38 |issue=4 |date=April 1938 |jstor=1116430 |doi=10.2307/1116430 |ref=goebel1938}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Ackerman |first=Bruce |author-link= |title=Constitutional Politics/Constitutional Law |journal=The Yale Law Journal |pages=453-547 |publisher=The Yale Law Journal Co., Inc. |volume=99 |issue=3 |date=December 1989 |jstor=796754 |doi=10.2307/796754 |ref=ackerman1989}}

May 22


 * {{cite book |last=Gellinek |first=Christian |title=Hugo Grotius |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Boston : Twayne Publishers |year=1983 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/hugogrotius0000gell |ref=Gellinek1983}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Haakonssen |first=Knud |author-link= |title=Hugo Grotius and the History of Political Thought |journal=Political Theory |pages=239-265 |publisher=Sage Publications, Inc.: University of Utah |volume=13 |issue=2 |date=May 1985 |jstor=191530 |doi= |ref=haakonssen1985}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Brett |first=Annabel |author-link= |title=Natural Right and Civil Community: The Civil Philosophy of Hugo Grotius |journal=The Historical Journal |pages=31-51 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=45 |issue=1 |date=March 2002 |jstor=3133629 |doi= |ref=brett2002}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Edwards |first=Charles |author-link= |title=The Law of Nature in the Thought of Hugo Grotius |journal=The Journal of Politics |pages=784-807 |publisher=The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Southern Political Science Association |volume=32 |issue=4 |date=November 1970 |jstor=2128383 |doi=10.2307/2128383 |ref=Edwards1970}}


 * {{cite journal |last=BOUKEMA |first=H. J. M. BOUKEMA |author-link= |title=Grotius' Concept of Law |journal=Archives for Philosophy of Law and Social |pages=68-73 |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |volume=69 |issue=1 |year=1983 |jstor=23679689 |doi= |ref=boukema1983}}

May 23


 * {{cite book |last=Kaminski |first=John P. |title=Secrecy and the Constitutional Convention |volume= |author-link= |publisher=University of Wisconsin: The Center for the Study of the American Constitution |year=2005 |isbn= |url=https://csac.history.wisc.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/281/2017/07/secrecy_essay.pdf |ref=kaminski2005}}


 * {{cite book |last==Peters |first=William |title=A more perfect union |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Crown Publishers Inc. |location=New York |year=1987 |isbn=978-0-5175-6450-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/moreperfectunion0000pete/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=peters1987}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Vile |first= |author-link= |title=The Critical Role of Committees at the U.S. Constitutional Convention of 1787 |journal= |pages= |publisher= |volume= |issue= |date= |year= |url= |jstor= |doi= |ref=vile2006}}

May 24


 * {{cite journal |last1=Heckelman |first1=Jac C. |last2=Dougherty |first2=Keith L. |title=A Spatial Analysis of Delegate Voting at the Constitutional Convention |journal=The Journal of Economic History |pages=407-444 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=73 |issue=2 |date=June 2013 |jstor=24551041 |doi= |ref=heckelman2013}}


 * {{cite journal |last1=Slez |first1=Adam |last2=Martin |first2=John Levi |author2-link=John Levi Martin |title=Political Action and Party Formation in the United States Constitutional Convention |journal=American Sociological Review |pages=42-67 |publisher=American Sociological Association |volume=74 |issue=1 |date=February 2007 |jstor=25472447 |doi= |ref=slez2007}}


 * {{cite letter |first=James |last=Madison |recipient=Thomas Jefferson |author-link=James Madison |subject=Constitutional Convention, Secrecy rule |publisher=National Archives |date=June 6, 1787 |url=https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/01-11-02-0380 |access-date=May 24, 2023 |ref=madison1787}}


 * {{cite letter |first=Madison |last=Jefferson |recipient=James Monroe |author-link=James Madison |subject=Explanation of secrecy rule to James Monroe |publisher=National Archives |date=June 10, 1787 |url=https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Madison/01-10-02-0026 |access-date=May 24, 2023 |ref=madison1787b }}


 * {{cite letter |first=Thomas |last=Jefferson |recipient=John Adams |author-link=Thomas Jefferson |subject=Current political events in France, voices disapproval for Convention's secrecy rule, without breaking faith in a benovolent outcome |publisher=National Archives |date=August 30, 1787 | location=Paris, France |url=https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/01-12-02-0075 |access-date=May 24, 2023 |ref=jefferson1787}}


 * {{cite letter |first=James |last=Madison |recipient=Thomas Jefferson |author-link=James Madison |subject=An account of the delegates who have arrived at the Coinvention in Phildelphia as of May 1787 |publisher=National Archives |date=May 15, 1787 |url=https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Madison/01-09-02-0229 |access-date=May 24, 2023 |ref=madison1787c }}

May 25


 * {{cite journal |last=Robbins |first=Caroline |author-link= |title="When It Is That Colonies May Turn Independent:" An Analysis of the Environment and Politics of Francis Hutcheson (1694-1746) |journal=The William and Mary Quarterly |pages=214-251 |publisher=Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. |volume=11 |issue=2 |date=April 1954 |jstor=1922040 |doi=10.2307/1922040 |ref=robbins1954}}

May 26


 * {{cite journal |last=Adair |first=Douglass |author-link=Douglass Adair |author-mask= |title="That Politics May Be Reduced to a Science": David Hume, James Madison, and the Tenth Federalist |journal=Huntington Library Quarterly |pages=343–360 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |volume=20 |issue=4 |date=August 1957 |jstor=3816276 |doi=10.2307/3816276 |ref=adair1957}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Branson |first=Roy |title=James Madison and the Scottish Enlightenment |journal=Journal of the History of Ideas |pages=235–250 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |volume=40 |issue=2 |date=April–June 1979 |year= |url= |jstor=2709150 |doi=10.2307/2709150 |ref=branson1978}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Conniff |first=James |author-link= |title=The Enlightenment and American Political Thought: A Study of the Origins of Madison's Federalist Number 10 |journal=Political Theory |pages=381–402 |publisher=Sage Publications, Inc.: University of Utah. |volume=8 |issue=2 |date=August 1980 |jstor=190920 |doi= |ref=conniff1980}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Howe |first=Daniel Walker |author-mask= |title=Why the Scottish Enlightenment Was Useful to the Framers of the American Constitution |journal=Comparative Studies in Society and History |pages=572–587 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=31 |issue=3 |date=July 1989 |year= |url= |jstor=178771 |doi=10.1017/S0010417500016042 |ref=howe1989}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Robbins |first=Caroline |author-link= |title="When It Is That Colonies May Turn Independent:" An Analysis of the Environment and Politics of Francis Hutcheson (1694-1746) |journal=The William and Mary Quarterly |pages=214-251 |publisher=Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. |volume=11 |issue=2 |date=April 1954 |jstor=1922040 |doi=10.2307/1922040 |ref=robbins1954}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Spencer |first=Mark G. |author-link= |title=Hume and Madison on Faction |journal=The William and Mary Quarterly |pages=869-896 |publisher=Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture |volume=59 |issue=4 |date=October 2002 |jstor=3491574 |doi=10.2307/3491574 |ref=spencer2002}}* {{cite journal |last=Adair |first=Douglass |author-link=Douglass Adair |author-mask= |title="That Politics May Be Reduced to a Science": David Hume, James Madison, and the Tenth Federalist |journal=Huntington Library Quarterly |pages=343–360 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |volume=20 |issue=4 |date=August 1957 |jstor=3816276 |doi=10.2307/3816276 |ref=adair1957}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Branson |first=Roy |title=James Madison and the Scottish Enlightenment |journal=Journal of the History of Ideas |pages=235–250 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |volume=40 |issue=2 |date=April–June 1979 |year= |url= |jstor=2709150 |doi=10.2307/2709150 |ref=branson1978}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Conniff |first=James |author-link= |title=The Enlightenment and American Political Thought: A Study of the Origins of Madison's Federalist Number 10 |journal=Political Theory |pages=381–402 |publisher=Sage Publications, Inc.: University of Utah. |volume=8 |issue=2 |date=August 1980 |jstor=190920 |doi= |ref=conniff1980}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Howe |first=Daniel Walker |author-mask= |title=Why the Scottish Enlightenment Was Useful to the Framers of the American Constitution |journal=Comparative Studies in Society and History |pages=572–587 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=31 |issue=3 |date=July 1989 |year= |url= |jstor=178771 |doi=10.1017/S0010417500016042 |ref=howe1989}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Robbins |first=Caroline |author-link= |title="When It Is That Colonies May Turn Independent:" An Analysis of the Environment and Politics of Francis Hutcheson (1694-1746) |journal=The William and Mary Quarterly |pages=214-251 |publisher=Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. |volume=11 |issue=2 |date=April 1954 |jstor=1922040 |doi=10.2307/1922040 |ref=robbins1954}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Spencer |first=Mark G. |author-link= |title=Hume and Madison on Faction |journal=The William and Mary Quarterly |pages=869-896 |publisher=Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture |volume=59 |issue=4 |date=October 2002 |jstor=3491574 |doi=10.2307/3491574 |ref=spencer2002}}


 * {{cite book |editor1=Daiches, David |editor2=Jones, Peter |editor3=Jones, Jean |title=A Hotbed of Genius: The Scottish Enlightenment, 1730-1790 |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |location=Edinburgh [Lothian] |year=1986 |isbn=978-0-8522-4537-8 |url=https://archive.org/details/hotbedofgeniussc0000unse |ref=daiches1986}}

-- {{*}} "Scottish teachers were popular in mid-eighteenth-century America because they were sparks from a furnace of intellectual life. Scotland was a poor, small country, but it was unusually literate, and its universities and the men who graduated from them provided the best education in the English-speaking world."
 * {{cite book |last=Brookhiser |first=Richard |title=James Madison |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Basic Books |location=New York, NY |year=2011 |isbn=9780465019830 |url=https://archive.org/details/jamesmadison0000broo/page/n5/mode/2up |ref=brookhiser2011}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Spencer |first=Mark G. |author-link= |title=Hume and Madison on Faction |journal=The William and Mary Quarterly |pages=869-896 |publisher=Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture |volume=59 |issue=4 |date=October 2002 |jstor=3491574 |doi=10.2307/3491574 |ref=spencer2002}}


 * {{cite letter |first=Thomas |last=Jefferson |recipient=James Madison |author-link=Thomas Jefferson |subject=Jefferson's thoughts on the benefits of three branchs of government |publisher=National Archives |date=December 20, 1787 |location=Paris |url=https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Madison/01-10-02-0210 |access-date=May 26, 2023 |ref=jefferson20dec1787 }}


 * {{cite letter |first=James |last=Madison |recipient=Thomas Jefferson |author-link=James Madison |subject=Reporting on the state of affairs regarding state delegates. Expresses concern that the Constitution may fall short of keeping the states in line. |publisher=National Archives |date= October 24, 1787 |url=https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/01-12-02-0274 |access-date=May 26, 2023 |ref=madison24oct1787 }}

May 27


 * {{cite book |last1=James |first1=Madison |last2=Jefferson |first2=Thomas |title=Basic documents relating to the religious clauses of the First amendment |volume= |author-link=James Madison |publisher=Americans United for Separation of Church and State |location=Washington |year=1965 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/basicdocumentsre00madi |ref=madison1965}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Roche |first=John P. |author-link= |title=The Founding Fathers: A Reform Caucus in Action |journal=The American Political Science Review |pages=799-816 |publisher=American Political Science Association |volume=55 |issue=4 |date=December 1961 |jstor=1952528 |doi=10.2307/1952528 |ref=roche1961}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Brant |first=Irving |author-link= |title=Madison: On the Separation of Church and State |journal=The William and Mary Quarterly |pages=3-24 |publisher=Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture |volume=8 |issue=1 |date=January 1951 |jstor=1920731 |doi=10.2307/1920731 |ref=Brant1951}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Hoskins |first=Richard J. |author-link= |title=The Original Separation of Church and State in America |journal=Journal of Law and Religion |pages=221-239 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=2 |issue=2 |year=1984 |jstor=1051090 |doi=10.2307/1051090 |ref=hoskins1984}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Joseph M. |first=Dawson |author-link= |title=The Meaning of Separation of Church and State in the First Amendment Special Issue |journal=Journal of Church and State |pages=677-681 |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume=50 |issue=4 |date=Autumn 2008 |jstor=23921771 |doi= |ref=dawson2008}}

May 28


 * {{cite book |last==Granger |first=Amos Phelps |title=State sovereignty--the Constitution--slavery |volume= |author-link=Amos P. Granger |publisher=Washington: Library of Congress |year=1859 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/statesovereignty00gran/page/n3/mode/2up |ref=granger1859}}


 * {{cite book |last=Bowditch |first=William Ingersol |title=Slavery and the Constitution |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Robert F. Wallcut |location=Boston |year=1849 |isbn= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=snQFAAAAQAAJ |ref=bowditch1849}}


 * {{cite book |last=Spooner |first=Lysander |title=The unconstitutionality of slavery (Vol. 1 & 2 |volume= |author-link=Lysander Spooner |publisher=Bela Marsh |location=Boston |year=1846 |isbn= |url=https://archive.org/details/unconstitutional00spoo/page/n1/mode/2up |ref=spooner1846}}{{efn|Reprinted in 2019 by Madison and Adams Press}}


 * {{cite book |last=Pauley |first=Matthew A. |title=Athens, Rome, and England : America's constitutional heritage |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Griffon House Publications |location=Wilmington, Delaware |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-6101-7083-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/athensromeenglan0000paul |ref=pauley2014}}

The framers also studied the political philosophies of Plato, Socrates and Aristotle of Greece and those found in Roman Law who advanced the idea of balance of powers.


 * {{cite book |last=Paolucci |first=Henry |title=Lectures on Roman history |volume= |author-link= |publisher=Griffon House Publications for the Bagehot Council |year=2004 |isbn=1-932107-06-1 |url=https://archive.org/details/lecturesonromanh0000paol/mode/2up |ref=paolucci2004}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Finkelman |first=Paul |author-link= |title=Slavery, the Constitution, and the Origins of the Civil War |journal=OAH Magazine of History |pages=14-18 |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume=25 |issue=2 |date=April 2011 |jstor=23210240 |doi= |ref=finkelman2011}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Patterson |first=orlando |author-link= |title=The Unholy Trinity: Freedom, Slavery, and the American Constitution |journal=Social Research |pages=543-577 |publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press |volume=54 |issue=3 |date=Autumn 1987 |jstor=40970472 |doi= |ref=patterson1987}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Freehling |first=William W. |author-link= |title=The Founding Fathers and Slavery |journal=The American Historical Review |pages=81-93 |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume=77 |issue=1 |date=February 1972 |jstor=1856595 |doi=10.2307/1856595 |ref=freehling1972}}


 * {{cite book |last=Wiecek |first=William M. |author-link= |title=The Ambiguous Beginnings of Antislavery Constitutionalism: Somerset |pages=20-39 |publisher=Cornell University Press |volume= |year=1977 |url= |jstor=10.7591/j.ctt207g6m0.6 |ref=wiecek1977}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Maltz |first=Earl M. |author-link= |title=Slavery, Federalism, and the Structure of the Constitution |journal=The American Journal of Legal History |pages=466-498 |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume=36 |issue=4 |date=October 1992 |jstor=845555 |doi=10.2307/845555 |ref=maltz1992}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Knowles |first=Hellen J. |author-link= |title=Seeing the Light: Lysander Spooner's Increasingly Popular Constitutionalism |journal=Law and History Review |pages=531-558 |publisher=American Society for Legal History |volume=31 |issue=3 |date=August 2013 |jstor=23489502 |doi= |ref=knowles2013}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Johnson |first=Allen |author-link=Allen Johnson (historian) |title=The Constitutionality of the Fugitive Slave Acts |journal=The Yale Law Journal |pages=191-182 |publisher=The Yale Law Journal Co., Inc |volume=31 |issue=2 |date=December 1921 |jstor=789306 |doi=10.2307/789306 |ref=johnson1921}}


 * {{cite journal |last=David |first=C. W. A. |author-link= |title=The Fugitive Slave Law of 1793 and its Antecedents |journal=The Journal of Negro History |pages=18-25 |publisher=The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History |volume=9 |issue=1 |date=January 1924 |jstor=2713433 |doi=10.2307/2713433 |ref=david1924}}

May 30


 * {{cite journal |last=Bogus |first=Carl T. |author-link= |title=The Battle for Separation of Powers in Rhode Island |journal=Administrative Law Review |pages=77-134 |publisher=American Bar Association |volume=56 |issue=1 |date=Winter 2004 |jstor=40712165 |doi= |ref=bogus2004}}


 * {{cite journal |last=Ackerman |first=Bruce |author-link= |title=The New Separation of Powers |journal=Harvard Law Review |pages=633-729 |publisher=Publisher:Harvard Law Review |volume=113 |issue=3 |date=January 2000 |jstor=1342286 |doi=10.2307/1342286 |ref=ackerman2000}}

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Their most outspoken critic, anthropologist Elisabeth Tooker, has challenged Grinde and Johansen's logic and their understanding of Iroquois political culture while labeling the influence thesis "scholarly misapprehension."









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Their most outspoken critic, anthropologist Elisabeth Tooker, has challenged Grinde and Johansen's logic and their understanding of Iroquois political culture while labeling the influence thesis "scholarly misapprehension."









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Pacificus

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Dewey, "The Sage of Montpelier








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 * (Reprinted in 1996 ISBN 978-0-19510-7791



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 * - Illustration of Minuit and the purchase of Manhattan Island


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https://archive.org/search?query=british+naval+history+






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 * September 3




 * Dictionary of national biography
 * Oxford Dictionary of national biography


 * September 4










 * September 6




















 * September 7
 * 1899, Lawrence and Bullen, Ltd. publication




 * September 9




 * September 10





September 11











September 12

September 13







September 20








 * September 21