User:MassimoR01/Scurano

Scurano is a frazione (hamlet) of the municipality of Neviano degli Arduini, in the province of Parma.

The locality is 8,87 km away from the administrative center of the municipality.

Topography
The vast territory of Scurano, fractioned into the locality of Mercato (main locality), Quinzo, Canale, Pozzo, Sarignana, Formiano, Case Fantini, Neda, Ariolla and Costola, and it extends from the left bank of the torrent Enza to the slopes of the mount Fuso.

Origins of the name
The place name comes from the latin word scurus, which means "shady", popularized in "close, protected place" in Langobardic times.

History
The territory of Scurano was a part of the Langobard kingdom between the V and VIII century, before it was assimilated in the Franks kingdom. Towards the end of the IX century the important Attoni family, of Langobard origins, expanded it's domain on the area, which became a part of the margrave of Tuscany.

The great marquisate shattered in 1115 after the death of the countess Matilde of Canossa, last successor of her family, and this area became a part of the feud of the powerful family Da Correggio, whose investiture upon Scurano and the near territory of Bazzano was confirmed by Visconti in 1354. After the death of Giberto II the Scurano area was reabsorbed in the territories of the dukies of Milan, who in 1402 entrusted it at Ottobuono, Jacopo and Giovanni Terzi.

In 1409 Galasso Da Correggio conquered this area, but it came back into the properties of the dukies of Milan in 1475 after the death of his brother Manfredo.

In 1479 Galeazzo Maria Sforza, because of the approaching marriage between his daughter Anna Maria and Alfonso I d'Este, gave them in dowry the territories of Brescello, Scurano and Bazzano at the duke of Ferrara, Ercole I.

In 1512 started a long-lasting dispute between the Estensi family and the Papal State, who annexed Parma and Piacenza previusly occupied by French; once the Pope Giulio II, became the master of Parma, and claimed the assignment of the territories on the left side of the torrent Enza, who were owned by the Diocese of Parma. At a later time the Farnese (dukes of Parma since 1545) claimed the possession of these territories, but the dukes of Ferrara opposed vigurusly and in 1596 invested the count Ugo Pepoli of the feuds of Scurano, Bazzano and Pianzo.

In 1633 the Estensi sold their marquisate at the Gherardini, which held it up until 1805, when the Napoleonic decrees dictated the abolition of feudal rights; the territory of Scurano was annected to the Cisalpine Republic, losing every administrative autonomy; in 1809 Scurano returned to be an independent municipality toghether with Bazzano. In 1811 Napoleon enstablished in the torrent Enza the new border between Parma territories and Reggio territories, but with the Restaurazione of 1815 the area was reassigned to the duchy of Modena and Reggio.

In 1848 the territory of the left side of the torrent Enza was definitively annexed at the duchy of Parma and Piacenza, of which followed the fate since.

Parish Church of Saints Ippolito and Cassiano
Erected within 1111, the parish curch was hevily modified in XVII and XVIII century; some internal pillar show some trace of sixteenth-century frescoes painting depicting saints; the altarpiece depicting Virgin Mary with Baby Jesus and the saints Ilario and Antonio was painted in 1514 by Pier Ilario and Michele Mazzola, uncles of the famous painter Parmigianino.

Mercato
The central borough, known as Mercato, has some historical buildings, around the triangular shaped square, the buildings dating bact to XIV century, represent the proof of the ancient fort that Scurano was.

Canale
The Canale locality preservs the Mazzini's court, inside which is still visible an architrave decorated with bas relief realized in the XIV or XV century.

Sarignana
The small borough of Sarignana host the ancient court adobe of the Gigli Family, with annexed the tiny oratory of Saint Bernardo, and a huge fortified palace in stone, built around the oratory of Saint Gacomo dating back to the beginnings of the XVI century.

Correlated voices

 * Pieve dei Santi Ippolito e Cassiano (Neviano degli Arduini)
 * Neviano degli Arduini

Other projects

 * Commons-logo.svg Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su  Scurano 
 * Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg Wikivoyage contiene informazioni turistiche su Scurano