User:Mr. Ibrahem/Marburg virus disease

Marburg virus disease (MVD), formerly Marburg hemorrhagic fever, is a severe type of viral hemorrhagic fever in humans. Initial symptoms typically include fever, headache, and muscle pain. A few days later a rash, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain may occur. Onset of symptoms is typically 5 to 10 days following exposure. Complications may include liver failure, delirium, pancreatitis, and severe bleeding.

The cause is Marburgvirus, of which there are two types Marburg virus (MARV) and Ravn virus (RAVV). These viruses normally circulates among African fruit bats, without resulting in ill affects. Spread can occur from these bats to people and than between people. Spread between people is by direct or indirect contact with contaminated body fluids, including during sex. Diagnosis is by blood tests. It presents similar to Ebola virus disease (EVD).

Prevention involves avoiding bats in central Africa and using appropriate personal protective equipment when caring for sick people. Treatment involves supportive care and this improves outcomes. This may include intravenous fluids, blood products, oxygen therapy, and electrolytes. About half of those who are infected die as a result.

MVD is rare. It generally occurs as outbreaks within Africa. The disease was initially recognized in 1967 and since than 588 cases have been diagnosed. Other primates may also be affected.