User:Mr. Ibrahem/Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), also known as pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS), is a disease in children associated with COVID-19. Symptoms may include ongoing fever plus abdominal pain, diarrhea, red eyes, rash, or vomiting. Complications may include heart, lung, kidney, skin, or brain problems.

It generally occurs around 2 to 6 weeks after COVID-19. While it occurs more often in the obese, those affected are generally otherwise healthy. Diagnosis is based on symptoms with laboratory signs of inflammation and multiple body system involvement, after ruling out other possible causes. Serologic testing for prior SARS-CoV-2 may be useful. Other conditions that may appear similar include Kawasaki disease.

Prevention is by protecting children from COVID-19. Treatment is primarily supportive care; which may include intravenous fluids, inotropes, and support of breathing. In severe cases extracorporeal membranous oxygenation (ECMO) may be required. IVIG, steroids, and aspirin are often used. About 80% of those affected require intensive care.

MIS-C affects about 1 in 3,000 children infected by COVID-19. Those around the age of 9 are most commonly affected. In the United States it more common in Black and Hispanic children. Death occurred in about 1 to 2% of cases. The condition was first described in April of 2020. Adults may develop a similar condition known as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A).