User:XtraJovial/Deuce dropper

Overview
The N1000 series entered service from 15 April 2002.

The N1000 series is Keikyu's most widely produced train type, with 498 vehicles having been built.

Batches 1–5
These are four- and eight-car sets manufactured by Tokyu Car Corporation and Kawasaki Heavy Industries between 2002 and 2006.

Design
Largely based on the design of the 2100 series, the N1000 series trains incorporate several differences due to the services on which they are used. These include the use of three passenger doors per side per car (as opposed to the 2100 series' two ), and a commuter-oriented interior configuration.

A second batch of N1000 series sets was introduced from mid-2003, consisting of eight-car sets 1025 and 1033, and four-car sets 1409 and 1413. With the first batch of sets, four- and eight-car sets could be rearranged to form six-car trains, but this possibility was removed with this batch's four-car sets. The four-car sets also featured minor technical changes, with pantographs and power supplies being consolidated to the third car; in contrast, the first batch's four-car sets were fitted with a pantograph and power supply for each intermediate car.

Batch 3 (eight-car sets 1041 and 1049 and four-car sets 1417 and 1421), delivered in early 2005, was built with a motor car-to-trailer car ratio of 3:1 (as opposed to 1:1 for older sets), as well as other modifications for updated fire regulation compliance and weight reduction. Batches 4 (eight-car set 1057 and four-car sets 1425–1437) and 5 (eight-car set 1065 and four-car sets 1441 and 1445) were built with full-colour LED destination displays.

Interior
The interior incorporates a warm colour palette. Passenger accommodation consists primarily of longitudinal bucket-style seating, with transverse seating bays at car ends. Priority seating is also provided. When compared to the original 1000 series fleet, the N1000 series sets feature several accessibility improvements, such as audible door warnings, onboard passenger information displays, wheelchair spaces, and anti-slip flooring.

Beginning in 2010, priority seats were given blue moquette.

Specifications
The first two N1000 series batches were fitted with Siemens SIBAS32 GTO thyristor-based variable-voltage/variable-frequency (VVVF) propulsion systems, like the preceding 2100 series fleet. These systems garnered the nickname "Do-re-mi-fa Inverter" (ドレミファインバータ), due to the distinctive ascending musical scale they produced when accelerating from a standstill. Keikyu began replacing these traction systems in 2010 with systems from domestic suppliers. Eight-car set 1033 was the last set operating with these traction systems, and operated its final run with such systems on 20 July 2021.

Batches 3–5 were fitted with IGBT (insulated-gate bipolar transistor)-based traction systems, also supplied by Siemens. These traction systems' control units were lighter and smaller than those used in earlier sets.

Batches 6–15
These are four-, six-, and eight-car sets manufactured by Tokyu Car Corporation (J-TREC from 2012) and Kawasaki Heavy Industries between 2007 and 2015.

External and technical changes
These sets were built with significant bodywork and system updates over previous batches, some of which would be firsts for the N1000 series fleet and Keikyu's history. These changes include the use of stainless steel bodies with film wrapping used for body colouring (earlier sets used painted aluminium ); the discontinuation of front-end wiper covers; and traction systems from domestic suppliers Mitsubishi, Toyo Denki, and Toshiba. The new bodies are approximately 40 mm narrower than their aluminium-bodied counterparts. Four-car sets were built with motor cars throughout whilst eight-car sets preserved the motor car-to-trailer car ratio of 3:1.

Batches 10 onward feature improved front-end emergency exits.

The sets have garnered the nickname Ginsen (銀千, lit. 'silver thousand') for their red and silver colouring.

Internal changes
From batch 6, the transverse seat bays at the ends of cars were replaced with longitudinal bench seats, the seat partitions were recoloured beige, and the driver's position was raised by 150 mm. Batch 7 introduced yellow warning tape around door interiors, batch 10 introduced visual door warnings and LCD information displays, and batch 11 introduced internal LED lighting (set 1313 only), following trials with older trainsets from December 2009.

1000-1800 series
Set 1809 was delivered ahead of the 16th batch on 30 September 2016.

Batches 16–19
These are six- and eight-car sets manufactured by J-TREC and Kawasaki Heavy Industries between 2016 and 2019.

External changes
While they inherit the stainless-steel bodies used with the N1000 series fleet since 2007, the 16th-batch sets carry a film-wrapped livery akin to that of the 1000-1800 series sets. For the 17th batch of sets, film-wrapped liveries were discontinued in favour of painted liveries. Keikyu states that these sets are the first privately operated, stainless steel-bodied sets to incorporate full-surface painting on a large scale in the Kanto region.

LED lighting is used throughout, and the 16th-batch sets are Keikyu's first to use LED headlights from new.

Internal changes
These batches incorporate a combination of longitudinal and transverse seating. Each car has two bays of transverse seating, one at each end. The longitudinal seat partitions were enlarged to reduce wind gusts and interference between seated and standing occupants. Also provided are power outlets and LCD information displays, some of which support Japanese and English, and others that support Korean and simplified Chinese.

1000-1890 series "Le Ciel" (batches 20 and 21)
The 1000-1890 series four-car sets were manufactured from 2021. Due to replace older 1500 series trainsets, the first two sets were introduced into service from 6 May of that year. Three additional sets were delivered after their initial entry into service: 1893–1895.

Following a brand name contest for the 1000-1890 series fleet held between June and July 2021, it was announced that the nickname "Le Ciel" would be used for the 1000-1890 series fleet on 24 December. The name is scheduled to be used from March 2022. Four entries were given honourable mentions: "Red Rabbit", "Leap", "Sunsun", and "Kofu".

Overview
Though the sets continue using stainless steel bodywork akin to the likes of many earlier sets, the 1000-1890 series sets are built on J-TREC's "Sustina" platform, and incorporate techniques to hide welding marks, which are often visible on traditional stainless steel railcars.

Interior
The 1890 series sets differ from previous Keikyu sets by featuring banks of seating that can be configured transversely or longitudinally, being the first trains in Keikyu's fleet to do so. The seats are similar to those used on the 2100 series but are 10 mm wider. Power sockets are also provided. They are also the first in the fleet to feature toilets; car 2 features a universal-access Western toilet, and car 3 features a men's toilet.

Formation
The 1000-1890 series sets are formed as follows.


 * The "Tpsv2" car has two single-arm pantographs.

Batch 22
This batch was announced as part of Keikyu's investment plan for fiscal 2023. It will consist of one 8-car set and one 6-car set. The first set, 6-car set 1501, was delivered from the Kawasaki Railcar Manufacturing plant on 28 July 2023 and entered service on 7 September.