User:Zodon/Family planning in the United States

Family planning in the United States
 * Family planning

History
History of women in the United States

Birth control before 20th century
Medicalization of pregnancy and delivery - decline of midwife, ups and downs of obstetric intervention


 * Eugenics - rise and fall

Birth control "radical political" movement (1914-WW II)

 * Social hygiene movement


 * Antibiotics - treatment of some STDs.

Birth control after WW II (Griswold, legalization, growth of Planned Parenthood, etc)

 * 60s to 70s, another "sexual revolution," women’s rights, reproductive rights


 * Advent of Hormonal contraception, IUD
 * Sexual revolution in 1960s America
 * Counterculture of the 1960s
 * Feminist Movement in the United States (1963-1982)
 * Increasing acceptance of illigitimacy and single parenting.
 * End of Baby Scoop Era, rise of overseas adoption
 * Legalized abortion
 * War on poverty
 * Title X


 * Decrease in unwanted children contributes to decline in crime Legalized abortion and crime effect
 * Dalcon shield and decline of IUD popularity


 * Modern era (insurance battles, culture wars, etc)
 * HIV/Aids - reemphasis on safe sex
 * Contraceptive mandates


 * Contraceptive trends
 * DMPA
 * Other delivery methods combined hormonal (ring, patch, shot)
 * Increasing awareness of ECP
 * IUD renaisance

Also maybe work in - sterilization, IVF, Pap smear, History of condoms, rights for women (e.g. vote)

Fertility
Fertility rate

Demographic history of the United States

File:U.S.BirthRate.1909.2003.png (Do something similar for fertility)


 * Fertility decline from 1910 to 1930 (Contraception available, other factors?)
 * (baby boom about 1920)
 * Rose from 194_ to  (why?)
 * Post WW2 Baby boom - sharp spike in early 50s
 * Remaind high until late 50s, then declines again to passing ____ in 1964

History of Immigration

Easterlin models

Unintended pregnancy
- esp. US section

Prevention

 * Reproductive life plan

Sex education
Sex education

Birth control methods
Method use and non-use.
 * Condoms
 * IUD
 * ECP
 * Trends with age (other barrier methods holdover, sterilization primarily older)

In 2006-2008, the most popular contraceptive methods among those at risk of unintended pregnancy were oral contracpetive pills (25%), female sterilization (24.2%), male condoms (14.5%) and male sterilization (8.8%). Intrauterine device (4.9%), Withdrawal (4.6%). DMPA is used by 2.9%, primarily younger women (7.5% of those 15-19 and about 4.5% of those 20-30).

10.6% of women at risk of unintended pregnancy did not use a contraceptive method, including 18.7% of teens and 14.3% of those 20-24.

Women at risk of unintended pregnancy are those of reproductive age (15 to 44), who are fertile Women of reproductive age who are not regarded as at risk for unintended pregnancy include those who are sterile, were sterilized for non-contraceptive reasons, were pregnant or trying to become pregnant, or had not had sex in the 3 months prior to the survey.

Above reflects condom use as sole method, condoms are also used in conjunction with other methods as part of dual protection.

Abortion

 * Abortion statistics in the United States

Unwanted child

 * Neonaticide, child abandonment (foundlings, Safe-haven law/baby hatch/etc.).
 * Adoption - farming out, fostering
 * Adoption in the United States
 * Child abuse

Other

 * Preconception counseling
 * Prenatal care in the United States
 * Prenatal care
 * Single parent

Infertility

 * Treatment, Assisted reproductive technology

Reproductive health

 * Sexually transmitted disease
 * HIV/AIDS in the United States


 * Safe sex


 * Cervical cancer
 * Pap smear
 * HPV vaccine


 * Reproductive health
 * Sexually transmitted diseases - therapies, tests, prevention
 * Safer sex - condoms, alternatives
 * Mortality and morbidity - Maternal, infant, unsafe abortions
 * Other aspects - reproductive system disease/health, ...
 * Reproductive system diseases
 * Sexuality problems

Disease prevention

 * Healthy people

Health care

 * Health care in the United States
 * Health care reform in the United States


 * Health insurance in the United States
 * Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
 * Uninsured in the United States


 * Access to care and supplies
 * Funding - insurance coverage, public funding
 * Availability - contraceptive security
 * Services - Family Planning Clinic, Health Dept., OB/GYN, medical school education improvements
 * OTC vs. Rx

Impacts

 * Financial
 * Environmental
 * Rights (Reproductive rights, women’s, men’s)
 * Health
 * National security

Government and policy

 * International
 * United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
 * Millennium Development Goals
 * Cairo conference International Conference on Population and Development

Contraception as the best contraceptive vs. sidetracking to other priorities.


 * Domestic
 * Title X, Medicaid, State Family Planning
 * Take Charge
 * Healthy People


 * Major NGOs
 * Planned Parenthood Federation of America
 * Professional organizations? (NFPRHA, ARHP, ACOG, ASRM, ASHA, ...)

Other possibles

 * Sexual abuse/Domestic violence

? Foreign relations of the United States National Survey of Family Growth
 * American family structure
 * Immigration to the United States
 * Demographics of the United States
 * Environment of the United States
 * Crime in the United States
 * Incarceration in the United States


 * Childfree

Special populations

 * Teens
 * Adolescent sexuality in the United States?
 * The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy
 * Elderly
 * Disabled
 * Minorities/immigrants
 * Sexual minorities (LGBT)

Organizations
CONRAD AASECT
 * Guttmacher Institute
 * Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States (SIECUS)
 * Our Bodies Ourselves
 * EngenderHealth (formerly AVSC) - has some history of sterilization
 * American Social Health Association
 * Association of Reproductive Health Professionals

Misc

 * Population policy


 * "And society"
 * Religion
 * In literature/media

April is STD awareness month in the United States, started in 2009 to promote education about STDs and prevention.