Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history/News/July 2010/Articles


 * 22nd Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry (Historical Perspective): [[Image:22nd Massachusetts Infantry Monument 2.jpg|right|100px|alt=A granite monument with a pyramidal peak, capped by a maltese cross, etched with an inscription, "22nd Mass Infantry." In the background is a broad field and, in the far distance, a brick farmhouse.|The regimental monument of the 22nd Massachusetts on Sickles Road, near the Wheatfield, on the [[Battle of Gettysburg|Gettysburg Battlefield]].]] The 22nd Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment in the Union army during the American Civil War. Of the 1,100 who initially belonged to the unit, only 125 returned at the end of their three years of service. Of these losses, roughly 300 were killed in action or died from wounds received in action, approximately 500 were discharged due to wounds or disease, and approximately 175 were lost or discharged due to capture, resignation, or desertion.


 * Bombing of Yawata (June 1944) (Nick-D): B-29s June 1944.jpg The Bombing of Yawata on the night of 15/16 June 1944 was the first air raid on the Japanese home islands conducted by United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) land-based aircraft during World War II. While the raid did not achieve its aims, it had other effects. It raised Japanese civilians' awareness that their country was being defeated and received unduly positive media coverage in the United States. Intelligence gathered by the B-29s also revealed weaknesses in Japan's air defenses and the raid was the first of many on Japan.


 * Ernest Augustus I of Hanover (Wehwalt): [[Image:Ernest Augustus I of Hanover.PNG|right|100px|Portrait of Earnest Augustus I of Hanover by [[George Dawe]], 1828]] Ernest Augustus I (5 June 1771 – 18 November 1851) was King of Hanover from 20 June 1837 until his death. He was the fifth son and eighth child of George III, who reigned in both the United Kingdom and Hanover.


 * Japanese aircraft carrier Kaga (Cla68, Dank & Sturmvogel 66): [[Image:Japanese Navy Aircraft Carrier Kaga.jpg|right|100px|Kaga after her modernization, with its distinctive downward-facing funnel.]] Kaga (Japanese: 加賀) was an aircraft carrier of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), named after the former Kaga Province in present-day Ishikawa Prefecture. Kaga's aircraft first supported Japanese troops in China during the Shanghai Incident of 1932 and participated in the Second Sino-Japanese War in the late 1930s. In June 1942, after bombarding American forces on Midway Atoll, Kaga and the other carriers were attacked by American aircraft from the carriers USS Enterprise (CV-6), USS Hornet (CV-8), and USS Yorktown (CV-5). Planes from Enterprise severely damaged Kaga; when it became obvious she could not be saved, she was scuttled by Japanese destroyers to prevent her from falling into enemy hands.


 * Russian battleship Slava (Sturmvogel 66): Slava_cuirasse_russe.jpg Slava (Слава "Glory") was a pre-dreadnought battleship of the Imperial Russian Navy, the last of the five Borodino-class battleships. During the Battle of Moon Sound in 1917 Slava was badly damaged by the German dreadnought SMS König, significantly increasing her draft. The shallow channel made it impossible to escape and she was scuttled in the Moon Sound Strait between the island of Muhu (Moon) and the mainland. The Estonians scrapped her during the 1930s.


 * SMS Blücher (Parsecboy & Dank): Bundesarchiv_DVM_10_Bild-23-61-11,_Großer_Kreuzer_"SMS_Blücher".jpg SMS Blücher ("His Majesty's Ship Blücher") was the last armored cruiser to be built by the German Imperial Navy (Kaiserliche Marine). She was designed to match what German intelligence incorrectly believed to be the specifications of the British Invincible-class battlecruisers. At the Battle of Dogger Bank on 24 January 1915, Blücher was sunk; The number of casualties is unknown, with figures ranging from 747 to around 1,000.


 * Tarrare (Iridescent): Tarrare (c. 1772 – 1798), sometimes spelled Tarare, was a French showman and soldier, noted for his unusual eating habits. Able to eat vast amounts of meat, he was constantly hungry; his parents were unable to provide for him, and he was turned out of the family home as a teenager. He died in Versailles as a result of severe tuberculosis and a lengthy bout of exudative diarrhoea.


 * List of battlecruisers of Russia (Sturmvogel 66): The Russian and Soviet navies designed a series of battlecruisers: the Borodino-class battlecruiser, Kronshtadt-class battlecruiser, and Stalingrad-class battlecruiseres. None of the three classes were ever completed; the four Borodino class ships were launched but not completed, and only one Stalingrad class vessel was launched. Construction of the remaining ships was halted before their hulls were finished.


 * Order of battle of the Battle of Trenton (Magicpiano): General George Washington at Trenton by John Trumbull.jpeg The Battle of Trenton was fought on December 26, 1776, during the American Revolutionary War campaign for New Jersey. In a surprise attack, the Continental Army led by [[George Washington]] attacked the winter quarters of a brigade composed primarily of German troops from Hesse-Kassel in Trenton, New Jersey. The Hessian brigade was under the command of Colonel Johann Rall; he died of wounds sustained in the battle, and about two thirds of his men were taken prisoner. It was the first major victory after a long string of defeats that had resulted in the loss of New York City, and was a significant boost to American morale.




 * 1) Terrorism (Cirt)


 * ARA Moreno (The ed17): Moreno Battleship LOC 17604.jpg ARA Moreno was the second Rivadavia-class battleship dreadnought battleship built for the Argentine Navy in in response to a Brazilian naval building program and border disputes. Moreno was delivered to Argentina in May 1915 and was based in Puerto Belgrano. Decommissioned in 1949, she was sold for scrapping in February 1956. After a 96-day tow&mdash;which was then a world record&mdash;Moreno was scrapped in Japan.


 * Battle of P'ohang-dong (Ed!): South Koreans at Pusan.jpg The Battle of P'ohang-dong was an engagement between United Nations and North Korean forces early in the Korean War, part of the Battle of Pusan Perimeter. The battle ended in a victory for the United Nations after their forces were able to drive off an attempted offensive by three North Korean divisions in the mountainous eastern coast of the country. The battle was a turning point in the war for North Korean forces, which had seen previous victories owing to superior numbers and equipment, with the distances and demands exacted on them at P'ohang-dong rendering their supply lines untenable.


 * Courageous class battlecruiser (Sturmvogel 66): HMS Courageous WWI.jpg The Courageous class comprised three battlecruisers known as "large light cruisers" built for the Royal Navy during World War I. Nominally designed to support Admiral of the Fleet Lord John Fisher's Baltic Project, which was intended to land troops on the German Baltic Coast, ships of this class were fast but very lightly armoured and armed with only a few heavy guns. All three ships were laid up after the end of the war, but were rebuilt as aircraft carriers during the 1920s. Glorious and Courageous were sunk early in World War II and Furious was sold for scrap in 1948.


 * HMS Indefatigable (1909) (Sturmvogel 66): [[Image:HMS Indefatigable (1909).jpg|right|100px|Ship caption=HMS Indefatigable]] HMS Indefatigable was a battlecruiser of the Royal Navy and the lead ship of her class. When World War I began, Indefatigable was in the Mediterranean, where she unsuccessfully pursued the German battlecruiser SMS Goeben and light cruiser SMS Breslau as they fled towards the Ottoman Empire. She was part of Vice Admiral Beatty's Battlecruiser Fleet in May 1916 and was destroyed by a magazine explosion during the Battle of Jutland on 31 May. Only two of the crew of 1,017 survived.


 * Organization of the Luftwaffe (1933–1945) (Perseus71): Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1978-106-25, Deutsche Luftwaffe.jpg Between 1933 and 1945, the organization of the Luftwaffe underwent several changes. Originally, the German military high command decided to use an organizational structure similar to the army and navy, treating the branch as a strategic weapon of war. Later on, during the period of rapid rearmament, the Luftwaffe was organized more in a geographical fashion. The formation of the Luftwaffe was announced in February 1935, with Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring as its Commander in Chief (Oberbefehlshaber der Luftwaffe), in blatant defiance of the Versailles Treaty.


 * SMS Baden (1915) (Parsecboy): Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R17062, Linienschiff "Baden".jpg SMS Baden was a Bayern class dreadnought battleship of the German Imperial Navy built during World War I. Baden was made the fleet flagship, replacing SMS Friedrich der Grosse (1911) in the post. Following the German collapse, Baden was interned with the majority of the High Seas Fleet in Scapa Flow by the British Royal Navy. Rear Admiral Ludwig von Reuter ordered his ships to be scuttled, but British sailors managed to board Baden and prevent her from sinking. The ship was re-floated, thoroughly examined, and eventually sunk in extensive gunnery testing by the Royal Navy in 1921.


 * SMS Westfalen (Parsecboy): [[Image:SMS Westfalen LOC 25466u.jpg|right|100px|alt=A large warship steams at low speed; gray smoke drifts from the two smoke stacks|SMS Westfalen]] SMS Westfalen ("His Majesty's ship Westphalia") was one of the four Nassau-class battleships, which were the first dreadnoughts built for the German Imperial Navy. The ship served with her three sister ships for the majority of World War I, seeing extensive service in the North Sea, where she took part in several fleet sorties. These culminated in the Battle of Jutland on 31 May – 1 June 1916, where Westfalen was heavily engaged in night-fighting against British light forces. After the end of the war, Westfalen was ceded to the Allies and was broken up for scrap by 1924.


 * Wehrmacht forces for the Ardennes Offensive (Jon Catalán): [[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-635-3966-27, Panzerfabrik in Deutschland.jpg|100px|right|Despite an increase in weapons production in 1944, German industry had difficulty supplying German forces preparing for the Ardennes offensive.]] The Wehrmacht forces for the Ardennes Offensive were the product of a German recruitment effort targeting German males between the ages of 16 and 60, to replace soldiers lost during five months of fighting against the Western Allies in France. To prepare, the German high command increased the call-up age range and recruited from Eastern European countries controlled by German forces, increasing manpower on the Western Front from roughly 400,000 to just over one million soldiers.  Hastily organized into new divisions, however, these infantrymen lacked training and sometimes even weapons.