Wimereux

Wimereux (Wimeruwe) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

Geography
Wimereux is a coastal town situated some 5 km north of Boulogne-sur-Mer, at the junction of the D233 and the D940 roads, on the banks of the river Wimereux. The river Slack forms the northern boundary of the commune, the English Channel the western. Farming and tourism are its principal activities.

History
At Pointe-aux-Oies, dolmen can still be seen at a Stone Age prehistoric site.

Vauban built a coastal fort at the mouth of the river Wimereux, the ruins showed at low-tide until the 1940s. Napoleon ordered a port to be built here between 1803 and 1804, taking its name from the river. In 1840, the future Napoleon III, first president (and last monarch) of France, landed at Pointe aux Oies.

The territory of Wimereux originally belonged to the commune of Wimille, from which it separated on 28 May 1899. In the same year, the first radio link between France and England was established at Wimereux in March by Guglielmo Marconi.

In the First World War, Boulogne and Wimereux formed an important hospital centre and until June 1918, the medical units used Wimereux communal cemetery for burials. Lady Hadfield set up and ran a Red Cross hospital here at her own expense for the treatment of wounded and sick servicemen. The Women's Hospital Corps, founded by Flora Murray and Louisa Garratt Anderson, opened their second hospital in Wimereux, on request of the RAMC. It was the first women's hospital to be recognised by the British Army. Colonel John McCrae, the Canadian gunner and doctor who wrote the popular war poem "In Flanders Fields", served and died in the hospital and is buried here.

Wimereux was the headquarters of the Queen Mary's Army Auxiliary Corps. In 1916, Solomon J Solomon set up a Royal Engineers establishment, the Special Works Park, in a disused feldspar factory. Here were developed new military camouflage techniques and equipment for the British Army. It became the General Headquarters of the British Army in 1919.

During the Second World War, German Naval Headquarters were situated on the northern side of the town. After D-Day, as Allied forces moved northwards, the town was shelled from Cap Gris Nez, and was re-taken by the Canadian 1st Army on 22 September 1944.

The seaside development was started during the Second Empire, resulting in a remarkable architectural ensemble of houses and buildings typical of the Belle Époque, which are still very well maintained to this day. Originally the secondary residence of wealthy families of Lille and Paris, Wimereux has become a residential suburb of Boulogne and also attracts Britons and Belgians who come to buy holiday homes or settle permanently.

Places of interest

 * The church of the Immaculate Conception, dating from the twentieth century
 * The nineteenth-century chapel of Notre-Dame
 * The Villa 'Les Mauriciens'
 * The Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery

People

 * William Morrison Wyllie, English artist
 * Lionel Percy Smythe (stepson of William Morrison Wyllie), English landscape artist, lived here from 1879 to 1918
 * Alfred Mathieu Giard, zoologist and director of the marine research establishment at Wimereux
 * John McCrae, author of "In Flanders Fields", is buried in the CWGC cemetery
 * Jack Lang, politician and one-time government minister
 * Maurice Boitel, artist, exhibited here in the 1980s and 1990s

Twin towns
Wimereux is twinned with the following towns:
 * 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 Herne Bay, Kent, England
 * 🇩🇪 Schmallenberg, Germany