1811 in the United States

Events from the year 1811 in the United States.

Federal government

 * President: James Madison (DR-Virginia)
 * Vice President: George Clinton (DR-New York)
 * Chief Justice: John Marshall (Virginia)
 * Speaker of the House of Representatives:
 * Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR-Massachusetts) (until March 4)
 * Henry Clay (DR-Kentucky) (starting November 4)


 * Congress: 11th (until March 4), 12th (starting March 4)

{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" ! Governors and lieutenant governors

Governors

 * Governor of Connecticut: John Treadwell (Federalist) (until May 9), Roger Griswold (Federalist) (starting May 9)
 * Governor of Delaware: George Truitt (Federalist) (until January 15), Joseph Haslet (Democratic-Republican) (starting January 15)
 * Governor of Georgia: David Brydie Mitchell (Democratic-Republican)
 * Governor of Kentucky: Charles Scott (Democratic-Republican)
 * Governor of Maryland: Edward Lloyd (Democratic-Republican) (until November 16), Robert Bowie (Democratic-Republican) (starting November 16)
 * Governor of Massachusetts: Elbridge Gerry (Democratic-Republican)
 * Governor of New Hampshire: John Langdon (Democratic-Republican)
 * Governor of New Jersey: Joseph Bloomfield (Democratic-Republican)
 * Governor of New York: Daniel D. Tompkins (Democratic-Republican)
 * Governor of North Carolina: David Stone (Democratic-Republican) (until December 11), William Hawkins (Democratic-Republican) (starting December 11)
 * Governor of Ohio: Return J. Meigs Jr. (Democratic-Republican)
 * Governor of Pennsylvania: Simon Snyder (Democratic-Republican)
 * Governor of Rhode Island: James Fenner (Democratic-Republican) (until May 1), William Jones (Federalist) (starting May 1)
 * Governor of South Carolina: Henry Middleton (Democratic-Republican)
 * Governor of Tennessee: Willie Blount (Democratic-Republican)
 * Governor of Vermont: Jonas Galusha (Democratic-Republican)
 * Governor of Virginia:
 * until January 15: John Tyler Sr. (Democratic-Republican)
 * January 15–19: George William Smith (Democratic-Republican)
 * January 19 – April 3: James Monroe (Democratic-Republican)
 * April 3 – December 26: George William Smith (Democratic-Republican)
 * December 26–27: vacant
 * starting December 27: Peyton Randolph (Democratic-Republican)

Lieutenant governors

 * Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut: Roger Griswold (Federalist) (until May 9), John Cotton Smith (Federalist) (starting May 9)
 * Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky: Gabriel Slaughter (political party unknown)
 * Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts: William Gray (political party unknown)
 * Lieutenant Governor of New York: John Tayler (Democratic-Republican) (until month and day unknown), DeWitt Clinton (Democratic-Republican) (starting month and day unknown)
 * Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island: Isaac Wilbour (Democratic-Republican) (until May 1), Simeon Martin (political party unknown) (starting May 1)
 * Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina: Samuel Farrow (Democratic-Republican)
 * Lieutenant Governor of Vermont: Paul Brigham (Democratic-Republican)
 * }

Events

 * January 8 – An unsuccessful slave revolt is led by Charles Deslandes in St. Charles and St. James, Louisiana.
 * January 22 – The Casas Revolt begins in San Antonio, Texas.
 * March 4 – The charter of the First Bank of the United States expires.
 * March 22 – The Commissioners' Plan of 1811 for Manhattan is presented.
 * July 9 – British explorer David Thompson posts a notice at the confluence of the Columbia and Snake Rivers (in modern-day Washington (state)) claiming the area for the United Kingdom.
 * October 11 – Inventor John Stevens' boat, the Juliana, begins operation as the first steam-powered ferry (service between New York, New York, and Hoboken, New Jersey).
 * November 7 – Battle of Tippecanoe: American troops led by William Henry Harrison defeat the Native American chief Tecumseh.
 * December 16 – The New Madrid earthquake in Mississippi Valley near New Madrid reverses the course of the river for a while. Other earthquakes along the fault occur on January 23, 1812, and February 7, 1812.
 * December 26 – The Richmond Theatre fire in Virginia kills 72 people, including the Governor of Virginia, George William Smith, and the president of the First National Bank of Virginia, Abraham B. Venable.

Births

 * January 5 – James Charles, U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania from 1851 to 1857 (died 1863)
 * January 6 – Charles Sumner, U.S. Senator from Massachusetts from 1851 to 1874 (died 1874)
 * January 16 – William Alexander Richardson, U.S. Senator from Illinois from 1863 to 1865 (died 1875)
 * January 17 – George S. Houston, Governor of Alabama from 1874 to 1878 and U.S. Senator from Alabama in 1879 (died 1879)
 * February 3 – Horace Greeley, author and statesman, founder and editor of the New-York Tribune (died 1872)
 * February 4 – Asa Biggs, U.S. Senator from North Carolina from 1855 to 1858 (died 1878)
 * February 8 – Edwin D. Morgan, 21st Governor of New York from 1859 to 1862 (died 1883)
 * February 24
 * Edward Dickinson Baker, English-born U.S. Senator from Oregon from 1860 to 1861 (died 1861)
 * Henry S. Lane, U.S. Senator from Indiana from 1861 to 1867 (died 1881)
 * March 15 – Robert Allen, Union Army brigadier general (died 1886)
 * March 20 – George Caleb Bingham, artist, soldier and politician (died 1879)
 * August 6 – Judah P. Benjamin, U.S. Senator from Louisiana from 1853 to 1861, 1st Confederate States Attorney General, 2nd Confederate States Secretary of War, 3rd Confederate States Secretary of State (died 1884)
 * June 14 – Harriet Beecher Stowe, abolitionist and author best known for the novel Uncle Tom's Cabin (died 1896)
 * July 11 – Isaac A. Van Amburgh, animal trainer (died 1865)
 * December 19 – Aaron Shaw, U.S. Representative from Illinois (died 1887)

Deaths

 * June 19 – Samuel Chase, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, signatory of the Declaration of Independence (born 1741)
 * August 2 – William Williams, signatory of the Declaration of Independence (born 1731)