1854 in Canada

Events from the year 1854 in Canada.

Incumbents

 * Monarch — Victoria

Federal government

 * Parliament — 4th then 5th

Governors

 * Governor General of the Province of Canada — James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin, Edmund Walker Head
 * Colonial Governor of Newfoundland — Charles Henry Darling
 * Governor of New Brunswick — Edmund Walker Head, John Manners-Sutton
 * Governor of Nova Scotia — John Gaspard Le Marchant
 * Governor of Prince Edward Island — Dominick Daly

Premiers

 * Joint Premiers of the Province of Canada —
 * Francis Hincks, Canada West Premier
 * Augustin-Norbert Morin, Canada East Premier
 * Premier of New Brunswick — Charles Fisher
 * Premier of Nova Scotia — James Boyle Uniacke
 * Premier of Prince Edward Island — John Holl

Events

 * January 27 – The Great Western Railway opens, linking Toronto, Hamilton and Windsor.
 * June 6 – The Canadian–American Reciprocity Treaty is signed.
 * October 27 – A Great Western Railway passenger train collides with the tail end of gravel train at Baptiste Creek, Canada West. At least 52 people are killed.
 * Establishment of the African Baptist Association of Nova Scotia.
 * St. Joseph's Academy for Young Ladies, later to be known as St. Joseph's College School, was founded by the Sisters of St. Joseph of Toronto.
 * Sale of the Clergy Reserves in Canada West marking the end of any form of established religion in Canada.

Births

 * April 13 – William Henry Drummond, poet (died 1907)
 * May 21 – Edward Gawler Prior, mining engineer, politician and Premier of British Columbia (died 1920)
 * June 8 – Douglas Colin Cameron, politician and Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba (died 1921)
 * June 26 – Robert Borden, lawyer, politician and 8th Prime Minister of Canada (died 1937)
 * August 29 – Arthur Peters, politician and Premier of Prince Edward Island (died 1908)
 * September 1 – James Alexander Lougheed, businessman and politician (died 1925)

Deaths

 * January 20 – Denis-Benjamin Papineau, joint premier of the Province of Canada (born 1789)
 * September 19 – Sir George Arthur, 1st Baronet, army officer and colonial administrator (born 1784)