1863 in Canada

Events from the year 1863 in Canada.

Incumbents

 * Monarch — Victoria

Federal government

 * Parliament — 7th then 8th

Governors

 * Governor General of the Province of Canada — Charles Monck, 4th Viscount Monck
 * Colonial Governor of Newfoundland — Alexander Bannerman
 * Governor of New Brunswick — Arthur Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Baron Stanmore
 * Governor of Nova Scotia — George Phipps, 2nd Marquess of Normanby
 * Governor of Prince Edward Island — George Dundas

Premiers

 * Joint Premiers of the Province of Canada –
 * John Sandfield Macdonald, Canada West Premier
 * Louis-Victor Sicotte, Canada East Premier until May 15, 1863
 * Antoine-Aimé Dorion, Canada East Premier on May 15, 1863
 * Premier of Newfoundland — Hugh Hoyles
 * Premiers of New Brunswick — Samuel Leonard Tilley
 * Premiers of Nova Scotia –
 * Joseph Howe (until June 5, 1863)
 * James William Johnston (on June 11, 1863)
 * Premier of Prince Edward Island –
 * Edward Palmer (before March 2, 1863)
 * John Hamilton Gray (on March 2, 1863)

Parliaments and Assemblies

 * 7th Parliament of the Province of Canada
 * 8th Parliament of the Province of Canada
 * 19th New Brunswick Legislative Assembly
 * 22nd General Assembly of Nova Scotia
 * 21st General Assembly of Prince Edward Island
 * 22nd General Assembly of Prince Edward Island

Events

 * March 17 — U.S. gives notice of intent to abrogate reciprocity.
 * September 5 — Louis-Victor Sicotte appointed a puisne judge of the Superior Court for Saint-Hyacinthe District
 * December 7 — New Brunswick and Nova Scotia: the Chesapeake Affair.
 * Militia Pay Act for all males 18–60.

Births

 * February 3 — James White, geographer
 * May 19 — John Alexander Mathieson, jurist, politician and Premier of Prince Edward Island (died 1947)
 * July 1 — William Grant Stairs, explorer, soldier and adventurer (died 1892)
 * October 4 — Peter Veniot, businessman, newspaper owner, politician and 17th Premier of New Brunswick (died 1936)
 * October 10 — Louis Cyr, strongman (died 1912)
 * November 14 — Edward Foster, fingerprint expert

Deaths

 * January 17 — Peter Warren Dease, HBC officer and Arctic explorer (born 1788)
 * January 31 — Sir John Robinson, 1st Baronet, of Toronto, lawyer, judge and political figure (born 1791)
 * November 20 — James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin, Governor General (born 1811)
 * December 10 — James FitzGibbon, British colonel who served in Canada for 45 years (born 1780)

Historical documents

 * Prevalence of death in girls among "imperfect" statistics from Indigenous schools and hospitals (Note: "uncivilized," other stereotypes)
 * Report on escaped slaves in Canada West says they are doing well
 * Editorial on high rate of Canadian emigration to U.S.A.
 * Montreal doctor advocates making smallpox vaccination compulsory
 * Ice bridge forms on Niagara River