Bâtiment ravitailleur de forces

The bâtiments ravitailleurs de forces, or BRF, are a class of future fleet tankers that are to replace the Durance-class tanker units in French Navy service. Until January 2019, the programme was known as Flotte logistique (abbreviated FLOTLOG in military parlance). First ship of the class completed the first stage of her sea trials in January 2023 and was formally delivered to the French Navy in July to continue her sea trials. The ships are part of the Vulcano-class logistic support ship programme.

History
Replacement for the Durance-class tanker type has been considered by the French Navy since 2009, with the military procurement law for years 2009–2014. At the time, the concept was knows as "flotte logistique" ("logistical fleet", or FLOTLOG). The succession was envisioned to take place between 2017 and 2020. The replacement was motivated both by the age of the Durance hulls, and by their non-conformity with current safety standards, notably the lack of a double hull. From 2010, Naval Group (the still named DCNS) proposed a project named BRAVE. This project was carried over to the following procurement law (2014 to 2019), delaying the order of the first unit to 2019. However, after STX France was purchased by Fincantieri, the project by Naval Group was abandoned and it was decided to base the new concept on the Italian fleet tanker Vulcano-class logistic support ship, then being built by Fincantieri for the Italian Navy. The FLOTLOG programme was further confirmed in the new military procurement law.

On 30 January 2019, OCCAR ordered four units from Chantiers de l'Atlantique and Naval Group for the French Navy. It is anticipated that the first two ships of the class, plus the fourth (Gustave Zédé), will be based at Toulon while the third ship of the class (Émile Bertin) will be based at Brest.

Construction
The four units of the class are to be constructed in Saint-Nazaire, at Chantiers de l'Atlantique. The first ship was initially planned for delivery in 2022. However, that delivery date subsequently slipped by one year, to 2023. Two additional ships are scheduled for delivery in 2025 and 2027. In 2023, it was decided that a fourth ship of the class was to be delayed beyond 2030.

Steel cutting for the first ship took place on 18 May 2020. A floating hull section was built at Fincantieri, Italy. The ship was launched in April 2022 and named Jacques Chevallier. Sea trials began on 20 December 2022. She was formally delivered to the French Navy on 18 July 2023 to continue her sea trials. On 29 March, she carried out her first underway replenishment for the aircraft carrier FRENCH AIRCRAFT CARRIER Charles de Gaulle, having refueled the air defence frigate FRENCH FRIGATE Chevalier Paul a few days earlier.

These ships are among the largest units of the French Navy, second only to Charles de Gaulle.

Description
The ships have a length of 194 m, a beam of 27.4 m and a draught of 9 m. They have a displacement of 16000 t empty and 31000 t at full load. They are powered by diesel-electric propulsion and have a crew of 130 with accommodations for up to 60 passengers. The vessels have capacity for 13000 m3 of fuel.

Up to four ships are scheduled to be commissioned in the French Navy as replacement for the Durance-class tankers. On 18 May 2020, the navy published the names intended for the ships, which honour preeminent French naval engineers: Jacques Chevallier, Jacques Stosskopf, Louis-Émile Bertin and Gustave Zédé.

Defensive weapons will include the Simbad-RC system firing Mistral Mk3 surface-to-air missiles (for at least the first ship in the series) and two 40CT cannon. The first guns of the type were installed on Jacques Chevallier in February 2023. In March it was confirmed that two Simbad-RC short-range SAM/SSM systems had been installed on the ship, on a platform located behind the bridge. This was said to represent the first deployment of the Simbad-RC system variant with the French Navy.

Ships of the class
Dates in italics constitute estimates

Operations
In early October 2023, and still prior to her commissioning, Jacques Chevallier embarked on her first operational deployment into the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. The ship was expected to deploy for three months and return to Toulon by the end of the year. She ended up deploying for four months, returning to Toulon in early February 2024.