Copa América Centenario

The Copa América Centenario (Copa América Centenário, Coupe Amérique Centennaire, Centennial Cup America; literally Centennial America Cup) was an international men's soccer tournament that was hosted by the United States in 2016. The competition was a celebration of the centennial of CONMEBOL and the Copa América, and was the first Copa América hosted outside South America.

The tournament was a commemorative version of Copa América (not the 45th edition). It was held as part of an agreement between CONMEBOL and CONCACAF as a special edition between the usual four-year cycle, and featured an expanded field of sixteen teams (an increase from the usual twelve), with all ten teams from CONMEBOL and six teams from CONCACAF. Despite the tournament being an official iteration of the Copa América, the winner did not receive an invitation to the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup due to the commemorative nature of the tournament, although eventual winner Chile had already qualified through its 2015 victory.

Chile became the fourth nation to win at least two consecutive titles in CONMEBOL tournaments, after Uruguay, Argentina, and Brazil. Argentina, meanwhile, lost its third consecutive final in a major tournament, following losses to Germany at the 2014 World Cup and Chile at the 2015 Copa América.

Planning
In February 2012, Alfredo Hawit, then Acting President of CONCACAF, announced that the competition was expected to take place in 2016, as a celebration of CONMEBOL's centennial. CONMEBOL President Nicolás Leoz said, "Hopefully we can organize a big event, because we're 100 years old and we want to celebrate big."

The tournament was announced by CONMEBOL on October 24, 2012 and confirmed by CONCACAF on May 1, 2014.

On September 26, 2014, FIFA announced that the tournament had been added to the FIFA International Match Calendar, meaning that clubs had to release players called up to the competition.

The tournament occurred in June 2016, along with UEFA Euro 2016.

Sports executive corruption
The tournament was placed in doubt after several high-profile sports executive arrests were made, including people involved with media rights holder Datisa (using the trading name of "Wematch"), a partnership between three media rights companies—Full Play, Torneos, and Traffic Sports Marketing. In December 2014, Brazilian José Hawilla, the owner and founder of Traffic Sports, pleaded guilty to "corruption charges including racketeering, wire fraud and money laundering". In an indictment, the FBI stated that officials were to receive bribes totaling US$20million for the 2016 event. Datisa held agreements for the commercial rights with CONMEBOL and CONCACAF and had its bank account frozen, placing the tournament in jeopardy. On October 21, 2015, CONCACAF announced it had terminated its agreement with Datisa.

On October 23, 2015, CONCACAF, CONMEBOL, and the hosting association U.S. Soccer Federation all confirmed that the tournament was going ahead as originally intended.

Trophy
A new trophy was supposed to be created for the tournament and was to be unveiled on July 4, 2015, at the 2015 Copa América final. No trophy was unveiled amidst the FIFA corruption scandal. However, CONMEBOL announced that, on April 28, 2016, a presentation for the trophy would take place in Bogotá, Colombia.

On April 28, 2016, it was explained on the Copa América website that the "new" trophy was in fact commemorative, and would only be given to the winning country to keep, while the original silver trophy would continue to be awarded to each winner of the tournament (including the 2016 winner). The Centenario trophy retains the silhouette of the original trophy's Grecian urn, but is plated in matte gold. The front of the trophy is adorned with a raised (and in the case of some parts of the logo, engraved) image of the Copa América Centenario wordmark and logo. On each side are raised and polished images of a connected North and South America, commemorating the first Copa América held outside South America. Instead of the traditional wooden base holding the names of all past winners, the base of the Centenario commemorative trophy includes 16 zones, in which the names of all 16 nations are engraved. Other details include: The logos of both CONMEBOL and CONCACAF (the two confederations with representatives in the tournament), the years "1916–2016" (commemorating the 100 years of CONMEBOL and Copa América), and the phrases "La Copa del Siglo" ("The Cup of the Century") and "Uniting the Americas".

Host selection
Luis Chiriboga, the President of the Ecuadorian Football Federation, stated the United States and Mexico were potential hosts of at least one stage of the competition. Hawit preferred the competition to be hosted in the United States for financial reasons, stating that "the market is in the United States, the stadiums are in the United States, the people are in the United States. The study that we have made [shows] that everything’s in the United States." In July 2012, CONCACAF President Jeffrey Webb stated there was much organizing to be done.

On May 1, 2014, it was announced that the tournament would be held in the United States from June 3–26, 2016.

The decision to select the U.S. as a host was the object of criticism by Uruguay Football Association president Wilmar Valdez on June 7, 2016, who complained that the U.S. is "a country where they don't feel football", which "brings about problems." The complaint was voiced after Uruguay's defeat against Mexico, in favor of whom, he said, the event was biased. Just prior to the game itself, the Chilean anthem was mistakenly played instead of the Uruguayan anthem.

Venues
On January 8, 2015, CONCACAF and CONMEBOL announced the 24 U.S. metropolitan areas which had indicated interest in hosting matches.

The stadiums were chosen following a bidding process, with the minimum capacity to be 50,000. The final list of venues, anticipated to number between 8 and 13, was to be announced in May 2015. However, the list was not released and speculation regarding whether the tournament would be able to move forward arose because Interpol red notices were issued for the former presidents of the CONMEBOL and CONCACAF confederations in relation to the 2015 FIFA corruption case, including allegations that they accepted significant bribes in relation to the $112.5 million broadcasting deal for the event. However, officials from CONMEBOL expressed a desire to move forward with the event despite the scandal.

On November 19, 2015, the ten venues selected for the tournament were announced by CONCACAF, CONMEBOL, and the U.S. Soccer Federation.

Participating teams
At the official announcement of the tournament, CONMEBOL and CONCACAF confirmed that all ten CONMEBOL members would be joined by six CONCACAF teams in the tournament. Among CONCACAF teams, the United States and Mexico automatically qualified. The other four spots were given to Costa Rica, the champion of the Central American Football Union by winning the 2014 Copa Centroamericana; Jamaica, the champion of the Caribbean Football Union by winning the 2014 Caribbean Cup; and Haiti and Panama, the two playoff winners among the four highest finishers in the 2015 CONCACAF Gold Cup not already qualified.

Draw
The group seeds and schedule were announced on December 17, 2015. The United States (Group A) was seeded as host, while Argentina (Group D) was seeded as the highest FIFA-ranked team in the CONMEBOL region during December 2015. According to Soccer United Marketing, Brazil (Group B) and Mexico (Group C) were seeded as they were "the most decorated nations in the last 100 years in international competitions from their respective confederations". However, there was criticism for not including Uruguay, which won two World Cups and was the Copa América all-time leader with 15 championships, or Chile, which was the defending Copa América champion going into the tournament.

The draw took place on February 21, 2016, at 7:30 pm EST, at the Hammerstein Ballroom in New York City. Teams were seeded using the FIFA Ranking from December 2015.

The four group pots contained four positions each, one from each group, as follows:

Squads
Each country had a final squad of 23 players (three of whom had to be goalkeepers) which had to be submitted before the deadline of May 20, 2016.

Opening ceremony
The opening ceremony of Copa América Centenario took place at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara 9:00 pm EDT (UTC−4) on June 3, 2016, ahead of the opening match and featured musical performances by Colombian singer J Balvin, American singer Jason Derulo, and the Canadian band Magic!

Group stage
All times are EDT (UTC−4). The top two teams from each group advanced to the quarterfinals.

Tiebreakers
The ranking of each team in each group was determined as follows:
 * 1) Greatest number of points obtained in all group matches
 * 2) Goal difference in all group matches
 * 3) Greatest number of goals scored in all group matches
 * 4) If two or more teams were equal on the basis of the above three criteria, their rankings would further be determined as follows:
 * 5) Greatest number of points obtained in the group matches between the teams concerned
 * 6) Goal difference resulting from the group matches between the teams concerned
 * 7) Greater number of goals scored in all group matches between the teams concerned
 * 8) Drawing of lots

Knockout stage
In the quarter-finals, semi-finals, and third place match of the knockout stage, a penalty shoot-out was used to decide the winner if tied after 90 minutes. In the final, extra time and a penalty shoot-out were to be used to decide the winner if necessary. Should the final enter extra time, a fourth substitute would be allowed as part of FIFA's approval of rule changes based on IFAB's new regulations, but neither team in the final ended up taking advantage of this rule.

Goalscorers
Chile's Eduardo Vargas received the Golden Boot award for scoring six goals.

Individual awards
The following awards were given at the conclusion of the tournament.
 * Golden Ball Award: Alexis Sánchez
 * Golden Boot Award: Eduardo Vargas (6 goals)
 * Golden Glove Award: Claudio Bravo
 * Fair Play Award: 🇦🇷 argentina

Final Man of the Match Award

 * Claudio Bravo

Team of the Tournament
The Technical Study Group announced the tournament's Best XI squad.

Match ball
The Nike Ordem Ciento was announced as the official Copa América Centenario match ball on February 21, 2016. The mainly white ball has red brush stroke decoration. It shows the official Copa América Centenario logo.

The Nike Ordem Campeón was used for the final match, in which golden brushes replaced the red ones.

Theme songs

 * "Superstar" by American rapper Pitbull featuring Becky G is the official song of the tournament and both artists performed the song during the Final.
 * "Breaking All the Rules" by English rock musician Peter Frampton, who performed the song during the Final.
 * "In My City" by Indian Singer Priyanka Chopra, who also performed the song during the Final.

National anthems, country names, and flags
On June 5, during the pre-match ceremony between Mexico and Uruguay, the national anthem of Chile was played for Uruguay. Many Uruguayan players seemed confused. The correct anthem was never played. Copa América organizers released the following statement via Twitter:"This evening during the pre-match ceremony, due to human error, we inadvertently played the incorrect National Anthem [sic]. We sincerely apologize to the Uruguayan Federation, the Uruguay National Team, the people of Uruguay and to the fans for this mistake. We will work with all parties involved to ensure such an error this does not occur again."

Uruguayan midfielder Diego Fagúndez said the incident showed "much disrespect".

On June 6, Colombian nationals heavily criticized Adidas for misspelling the country name in an advertisement, substituting "Columbia" for "Colombia". The company said in a statement: "We value our partnership with the Colombian Football Federation and apologize for our mistake. We removed the graphics and are quickly installing new versions."

Also on June 6, before the game between Panama and Bolivia, the video screens of the Citrus Bowl in Orlando displayed the flags of both countries, but Bolivia's was inverted.

Match officiating
On June 4, during the game between Ecuador and Brazil, the assistant referee called the ball out prior to a cross that led to the ball going into the net for Ecuador. Brazilian goalkeeper Alisson dropped the ball, and it went over the line into his own goal. The replays seemed to show the ball was not completely out of bounds before being crossed, but the goal did not stand. The match ended in a 0–0 draw.

On June 10, during the game between Chile and Bolivia, a penalty kick was awarded to Chile after Luis Alberto Gutiérrez was whistled for a handball. The assistant referee made the call, but it appeared that Gutiérrez had tucked his arm behind his back, and the ball hit off his shoulder. Arturo Vidal converted the ensuing penalty at the 90'+10' mark (eight minutes of stoppage time were added to the second half due to an injury to Ronald Eguino) to secure the three points for Chile.

On June 12, during the game between Peru and Brazil, Raúl Ruidíaz scored by guiding the ball into the net with his arm. After a lengthy discussion between the referee and his assistant, the goal was allowed to stand, and Brazil went on to lose 1–0, resulting in their elimination from the tournament. However, Raúl Ruidíaz claimed the ball hit his thigh rather than his hand and said the goal was 'thanks to God' rather than another hand of God.

Ticket pricing
The tournament's organizers have been criticized for setting high ticket prices that have resulted in under-capacity crowds in Seattle and Chicago for United States matches. The average price for a sold ticket during the group stage was $144; some matches saw average prices as high as $236 and as low as $37.