Fast Car

"Fast Car" is the debut single by American singer-songwriter Tracy Chapman, released on April 6, 1988, by Elektra, as the lead single from her 1988 self-titled debut studio album. Chapman's appearance at the Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute concert in June 1988 helped the song become a top-ten hit in the United States, reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100, and led the album to top the Billboard 200. The single also reached number five on the UK Singles Chart.

"Fast Car" received three nominations at the 31st Annual Grammy Awards in 1989: Record of the Year, Song of the Year, and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, the last of which it won. It also received an MTV Video Music Award nomination for Best Female Video.

Since the release of Chapman's original, the song has had success in two electronic dance versions by Swedish DJ Tobtok and British DJ Jonas Blue, as well as a country cover by American singer Luke Combs. Combs's version was a number-one single on the Billboard Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay charts in 2023, and won Chapman the Country Music Association Award for Song of the Year, making her the first black person to win the award.

Music and lyrics
According to Metro Weekly critic Chris Gerard, "Fast Car" tells the story of a working woman trying to escape the cycle of poverty, set to "glowing folk rock". The song's arrangement was described by Orlando Sentinel writer Thom Duffy as "subtle folk-rock", while Billboard magazine's Gary Trust deemed the record a "folk/pop" song. Critic Dave Marsh called it an "optimistic folk-rock narrative" about characters living in a homeless shelter.

Release and promotion
Elektra Records released "Fast Car" as a single on April 6, 1988, one day after the album Tracy Chapman. That June, Chapman appeared at the Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute concert, where she was scheduled to sing three songs. Just before surprise guest Stevie Wonder walked onstage, he learned that his keyboard's floppy disk had gone missing. He left in a panic, forcing the event organizers to usher Chapman back to the stage with nothing but a microphone and her guitar. As the organizers readied the stage for the following act, Chapman performed "Fast Car" and "Across the Lines". This performance brought widespread attention to her music, with sales for Tracy Chapman increasing enough for it to top the Billboard 200 chart on August 27, 1988. "Fast Car" itself would reach number six on the Billboard Hot 100 the same week.

A remastered recording was issued by Elektra in 2015.

Critical reception
John Tague from NME wrote, "'Fast Car' is a typically well expressed lament, not for those who have suffered extraordinary circumstances, but for those who escape one form of dead end existence only to fall into another, relative material success without the consolation of dreams for the future. It's a keenly felt depiction of the impossibility of escape, rendered tastefully and gracefully, charming in its simplicity." Rolling Stone ranked "Fast Car" number 167 on their 2004 list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. It was Chapman's only song on the list, and the highest-ranking song performed and written solely by a female artist. When Rolling Stone updated the list in 2021, "Fast Car" was promoted to number 71. Pitchfork named it the 86th-best song of the 1980s in 2015.

Renewed British success
In April 2011, "Fast Car" entered the UK top ten for the second time at number four after Michael Collings performed it on Britain's Got Talent, one position higher than its initial chart success in 1988. The single was certified quadruple platinum in the United Kingdom by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) in 2024, based on downloads and streaming. By 2016, it had sold 661,500 copies in the United Kingdom.

Personnel

 * Tracy Chapman – vocals, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, percussion
 * Denny Fongheiser – drums
 * Larry Klein – bass guitar
 * Ed Black – pedal steel guitar

Tobtok version
In 2015, a tropical house version was released by Swedish record producer Tobtok, featuring vocals from British singer River. Tobtok's version was published on SoundCloud on October 30, 2015, and released commercially on November 27, 2015, through Good Soldier Records, and subsequently licensed to Neon Records in Australia and Disco:wax in the United States. Tobtok also released an accompanying music video. Although the Jonas Blue version released shortly after was far more successful, Tobtok's version also charted in a number of charts, notably Australia, where it received significant airplay (some stations like 2Day FM played it over the Jonas Blue version) and reached number 19 on the ARIA Singles Chart in January 2016, while Jonas Blue's version was at number two. The Tobtok version also charted in the Norwegian VG-lista, Irish IRMA, and Danish Tracklisten charts.

Track listing
 * 1) "Fast Car" – 3:27
 * 2) "Fast Car" (L'Tric remix radio edit) – 2:57

Jonas Blue version
In 2015, a tropical house cover of "Fast Car" was released by British record producer Jonas Blue. It is Blue's debut single and features the vocals from British singer Dakota; it is also her debut single. It is the lead single of Blue's debut album Blue (2018). The Club Mix was included on Blue's compilation, Jonas Blue: Electronic Nature – The Mix 2017.

Background and inspiration
In an interview with iHeartRadio, Blue stated Chapman's original 1988 hit is a favorite of his mother, who would often play it in the car. "It was a good song in London [during] that time when I was growing up, so it was always on the radio," he went on to say. "And it just kind of stuck with me. It was that song on the long journeys, and I loved it."

Regarding Dakota, who provides vocals on the song, Blue said, "... she [said], 'Oh, I've never done dance music before or anything like that so, I'm not kind of sure.' And I was like, 'Listen, you'd be great.' And she came the next day to record it, and what you hear on the radio is her coming in the next day after her show to record it." Blue also admitted that he wanted to create a Swedish-esque sound on the record: "I think with things like the synth lead lines in it, giving it that second hook, I was kind of going for a very kind of Swedish-y kind of sound. That's kind of the influence behind that kind of lead synth line, and that was something which I don't think people have picked up on yet, but they just like the song because of what it is."

Composition
Jonas Blue's version of "Fast Car" is performed in the key of A major with a tempo of 114 beats per minute in common time, with Dakota's vocals ranging from E3 to F♯4.

Chart performance
The Jonas Blue version peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart, behind Zayn Malik's "Pillowtalk". Its UK peak meant it charted higher than Chapman's original, which peaked at number five on the chart in May 1988 and a position higher upon a re-release in April 2011.

Outside the United Kingdom, the Jonas Blue version reached number one in Australia and Hungary, while peaking within the top ten in Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, New Zealand, and Sweden. In the United States, the Jonas Blue version went to number one on Dance Club Songs.

It reached one billion streams on Spotify in late February 2023.

Luke Combs version
American country music artist Luke Combs released a version of the song on his 2023 album Gettin' Old. It was sent to American Top 40 and adult contemporary radio as the second single from the album, marking the first time that Combs has had a song sent to contemporary hit radio, as well as the first single that he did not have a hand in writing.

Combs' version uses most of Chapman's original lyrics, including the line "I work in the market as a checkout girl". Combs' manager Chris Kappy told Billboard magazine, "Luke is a songwriter too and Tracy is one of his favorite artists. So his goal was to never change the song. His goal was to honor the perfection that it is, and changing the gender never crossed his mind."

In a July 2023 interview with Billboard, Chapman spoke favorably of Combs and his rendition of "Fast Car", stating: "I never expected to find myself on the country charts, but I'm honored to be there. I'm happy for Luke and his success and grateful that new fans have found and embraced 'Fast Car.'" According to Billboard, Chapman earned about $500,000 in publishing royalties in the first few months after the release of Combs' version.

When Combs' version of "Fast Car" hit number one on the Country Airplay chart in July 2023, Chapman became the first black woman to score a country number one with a solo composition. At the 57th Annual Country Music Association Awards in November 2023, Chapman notably became the first Black woman or Black songwriter to ever win a CMA Award, winning Song of the Year. In February 2024, Chapman performed the song with Combs at the 66th Annual Grammy Awards, in her first televised live performance in nine years.

Commercial performance
Combs' version of "Fast Car" became a smash hit on radio, reaching number two on the Billboard Hot 100, higher than Chapman, and on the Canadian Hot 100, tying it with "Forever After All" as Combs' highest-charting single on the former. On the Billboard Hot 100 chart dated August 5, 2023, it sat at number three, behind Jason Aldean's "Try That in a Small Town" and Morgan Wallen's "Last Night" at one and two, making it the first time in that chart's history that the top three positions were all occupied by country artists.

The song reached number one on the Country Airplay chart in July 2023, making Chapman the first black woman to score a country number one with a solo composition. Additionally, it became the first cover of a pop single to top a Billboard chart based on country radio airplay since Blake Shelton's version of Michael Bublé's 2005 single "Home" reached number one in 2008. On the Country Airplay chart dated September 9, 2023, it held the number two position behind Combs' own "Love You Anyway" at the top, making it the first time in that chart's history that the top two positions were simultaneously occupied by a solo act with no accompanying acts, and only the second time that such a distinction has been achieved by any act overall.

Other notable versions

 * The initial version of the song "Dreams" by Gabrielle was based around a sample of "Fast Car", but this was removed from the final version because the sample could not be cleared.
 * American musician Jim O'Rourke performed a 33-minute long rendition of "Fast Car" in Tokyo in 2002.