Fujiko Fujio



Fujiko Fujio (藤子 不二雄) was a manga writing duo formed by Japanese manga artists Hiroshi Fujimoto (藤本 弘) and Motoo Abiko (安孫子 素雄). Professional debut in 1951 (under the authors' names "Abiko Motoo, Fujimoto Hiroshi"). Used the Fujiko Fujio name from 1953 until dissolution of the partnership in 1987, upon Fujimoto's illness. The pair was best known for their popular comedies, including Obake no Q-Tarō, Ninja Hattori-kun, Kaibutsu-kun, Perman, Kiteretsu Daihyakka, and Doraemon, which is officially recognized as a cultural icon of modern Japan. Some of their influences have included Osamu Tezuka as well as international cartoons and comic books.

Pen name
From their debut, they collaborated and wrote individually under one pen name. But after 1988 they published under separate names.

Fujiko Fujio
Used from July 1953 to around January 1988.

All works (collaboration, one person's work) published under one pen name "Fujiko Fujio".

Fujiko F. Fujio
Pen name used by Fujimoto since 1989.

The above is notation without symbols.

The official notation is Fujiko・F・Fujio (藤子・F・不二雄).

Fujiko Fujio A
Pen name used by Abiko since 1988.

The above is notation without symbols.

The official notation is Fujiko Fujio Ⓐ (藤子不二雄Ⓐ).

As a reminder, "Fujiko A. Fujio" is a non-existent name notation. If it exists, it is a misunderstanding or typo.

Biography
Hiroshi Fujimoto and Motoo Abiko were both from Toyama Prefecture. Fujimoto was born on December 1, 1933, and Abiko on March 10, 1934. Abiko transferred to Fujimoto's elementary school in Takaoka City and happened to see Fujimoto drawing in a notebook. The two became lifelong friends, and during the early years of their friendship kept their illustrations hidden from friends and classmates out of embarrassment.

In junior high school they were greatly influenced by Osamu Tezuka and his manga series Shin Takarajima. Fujimoto built a homemade episcope and together they wrote a piece for it called Tenküma, which was their first collaborative work. They started submitting work to periodicals such as Manga Shōnen and opened a joint savings account through Japan Post to which they both contributed funds and which they used to purchase art supplies. They divided all income and expenses equally between each other, a practice they continued throughout the life of their partnership.

In high school they made their publishing debut, Tenshi no Tama-chan being adopted for serialization by Mainichi Shogakusei Shimbun in 1951. That same year they paid a visit to Tezuka's residence in Takarazuka, Hyōgo and showed him illustrations for their work titled Ben Hur. Tezuka complimented the two, some years later commenting that he knew then they were going to be major figures in the manga industry. Abiko and Fujimoto treasured the meeting with the respected Tezuka, and kept the Ben Hur illustrations for their entire lives. It was at this time they decided to make their partnership permanent, initially adopting the name Tezuka Fujio out of respect, later changing this to Azhizuka Fujio when they perceived adoption of the Tezuka name as too close to that of their idol.

Because both Fujimoto and Abiko were eldest sons respectively, they decided to take company jobs after graduating from high school in 1952. Fujimoto found employment with a confectionery company, and Abiko began working for the Toyama Newspaper Company. However, Fujimoto quit within a matter of days. Fujimoto then dedicated his time to submitting work to periodicals, with Abiko assisting him on the weekends. Their first serial as Ashizuka Fujio was terminated in a few episodes, followed by success with the post-apocalyptic science fiction series Utopia: The Last World War (UTOPIA—最後の世界大戦).

They elected to move to Tokyo in 1954 as professional manga artists at Fujimoto's urging, Abiko only reluctantly as he had steady employment at the Toyama Newspaper Company. Their first place of residence was a two-tatami mat room at the second floor of a watch shop. They eventually moved to the Tokiwa-sō apartment complex when Tezuka offered them a room that he was moving out of. Together with Hiroo Terada and several other manga artists of the period, they formed a collaborative group called "New Manga Party" (新漫画党). At the apartment complex where the group was based, they enjoyed a period of productivity that had Fujimoto and Abiko carry up to six serials a month for publication. Additionally, Abiko contributed to Tezuka's works as an artist assistant, such as drawing a blizzard on the last page of Jungle Emperor.

The workload proved excessive, and in 1955 on return to Toyama for Japanese New Year the pair missed all the deadlines for their serials. The loss of credibility with publishers hurt Fujimoto and Abiko for a year. During the Tokiwa-sō era, they purchased a television set in Akihabara and made independent films with an 8mm camera. By 1959 they left Tokiwa-sō and moved to Kawasaki in Kanagawa Prefecture. In the 1960s Fujimoto and Abiko founded Fujiko Studio Co., Ltd., a joint manga production company. Fujimoto found time to get married in 1962, at the age of 28.

In 1963 Fujimoto and Abiko established Studio Zero with Shin'ichi Suzuki, Shotaro Ishimori, Jirō Tsunoda and Kiyoichi Tsunoda. Later Fujio Akatsuka joined, and at its peak the studio employed about 80 people. The studio produced several animated series and stood in for Mushi Production for an episode of Astro Boy. For Fujimoto and Abiko these were some of their most productive years, resulting in series such as Obake no Q-Tarō which eventually were made into anime series on television. Abiko got married in 1966 at the age of 32. Fujimoto concentrated on titles for children, with a particular interest in science fiction.

In 1968, Abiko started making manga for a more mature audience, with titles such as Kuroi Salesman. In the 1970s, Abiko focused on both adult and boys manga. The style was full of black humor.

In the 1970s, Fujimoto focused on both adult and childhood manga. His style was notable for its sense of wonder.

Doraemon was created in 1969. Since around 1974, its popularity has skyrocketed among Japanese children. CoroCoro Comic released its first issue in 1977 to showcase the works of Fujiko Fujio. With syndication of Doraemon on TV Asahi in 1979, a surge of popularity saw up to a dozen collaborative and solo works by Fujimoto and Abiko picked up for publication and syndication throughout the 1980s. Doraemon is the only work by the duo to ever get an official release in English-speaking countries, most notably the United States. However, English dubs of work such as Perman and Ninja Hattori-kun aired in Asia.

In 1987, citing creative differences, Fujimoto and Abiko ended their long partnership to concentrate on solo projects. From now on, Abiko would work at Fujiko Studio K.K. and Fujimoto in Fujiko F. Fujio Pro K.K.

Abiko adopted the pen name Fujiko Fujio A.

Fujimoto adopted the pen name Fujiko F. Fujio.

According to Abiko, the cause for the dissolution of the partnership was due to Fujimoto discovering he had stomach cancer in 1986 (Since it was not announced, neither Fujimoto nor Abiko knew the exact name of the disease), and both Fujimoto and Abiko had a desire to settle copyright and financial issues before the other died.

Fujimoto died of liver failure at a hospital in Shinjuku on September 23, 1996.

A documentary was aired on TV Asahi on February 19, 2006, chronicling the life and times of Fujiko F. Fujio.

A Fujiko F. Fujio museum opened in Kawasaki, Kanagawa on September 3, 2011, which features a reproduction of Fujio's studio and a display of their artwork.

Abiko died at his home in Kawasaki on April 6, 2022.

Awards

 * Fujiko Fujio
 * 1963 – Shogakukan Manga Award (Susume Roboket and Tebukuro Tecchan)
 * 1973 – Japan Cartoonists Association Award Excellence Award (Doraemon)
 * 1981 – Kawasaki City's Cultural Prize (川崎市文化賞) (Fujiko Fujio)
 * 1982 – Shogakukan Manga Award for children's manga (Doraemon)
 * 1984 – "Movie day" Special Achievement Medal (Fujiko Fujio)
 * 1984 – Golden Gloss Prize (ゴールデングロス賞) (Movie Doraemon)


 * Fujiko F. Fujio
 * 1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1996,1997,and more – Golden Gloss Prize (ゴールデングロス賞) (Movie Doraemon etc.)
 * 1989 – "Movie day" Certificate of appreciation (Fujiko F. Fujio)
 * 1994 – Japan Cartoonists Association Award Minister of Education Award (Doraemon)
 * 1995 – Fujimoto Award Encouragement Award (Fujiko F. Fujio (Movie Doraemon series production))
 * 1996 – "Movie day" Special Achievement Medal (Fujiko F. Fujio)
 * 1997 – The first Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize Grand Prize (Doraemon)


 * Fujiko Fujio A
 * 1990 – Fujimoto Award Special prize (Fujiko Fujio A (Movie Shonen jidai producer))
 * 1990 – Yamaji Fumiko Cultural Foundation Special Award (Fujiko Fujio A (Shonen jidai producer))
 * 2005 – Japan Cartoonists Association Award Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Award (All works)
 * 2008 – Order of the Rising Sun (Fujiko Fujio A)
 * 2014 – Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize Special Award (Manga Michi and Ai... Shirisomeshi Koro ni...)

Works

 * All works (Japanese)
 * Fujiko Fujio's Serialization list
 * Fujiko Fujio's One-shot list