Isotopes of titanium

Naturally occurring titanium (22Ti) is composed of five stable isotopes; 46Ti, 47Ti, 48Ti, 49Ti and 50Ti with 48Ti being the most abundant (73.8% natural abundance). Twenty-one radioisotopes have been characterized, with the most stable being 44Ti with a half-life of 60 years, 45Ti with a half-life of 184.8 minutes, 51Ti with a half-life of 5.76 minutes, and 52Ti with a half-life of 1.7 minutes. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 33 seconds, and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than half a second.

The isotopes of titanium range in atomic mass from 39.00 u (39Ti) to 64.00 u (64Ti). The primary decay mode for isotopes lighter than the stable isotopes (lighter than 46Ti) is β+ and the primary mode for the heavier ones (heavier than 50Ti) is β−; their respective decay products are scandium isotopes and the primary products after are vanadium isotopes.

List of isotopes

 * rowspan=3|39Ti
 * rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 22
 * rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 17
 * rowspan=3|39.00161(22)#
 * rowspan=3|31(4) ms [31(+6-4) ms]
 * β+, p (85%)
 * 38Ca
 * rowspan=3|3/2+#
 * rowspan=3|
 * rowspan=3|
 * β+ (15%)
 * 39Sc
 * β+, 2p (<.1%)
 * 37K
 * rowspan=2|40Ti
 * rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 22
 * rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 18
 * rowspan=2|39.99050(17)
 * rowspan=2|53.3(15) ms
 * β+ (56.99%)
 * 40Sc
 * rowspan=2|0+
 * rowspan=2|
 * rowspan=2|
 * β+, p (43.01%)
 * 39Ca
 * rowspan=2|41Ti
 * rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 22
 * rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 19
 * rowspan=2|40.98315(11)#
 * rowspan=2|80.4(9) ms
 * β+, p (>99.9%)
 * 40Ca
 * rowspan=2|3/2+
 * rowspan=2|
 * rowspan=2|
 * β+ (<.1%)
 * 41Sc
 * 42Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 20
 * 41.973031(6)
 * 199(6) ms
 * β+
 * 42Sc
 * 0+
 * 43Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 21
 * 42.968522(7)
 * 509(5) ms
 * β+
 * 43Sc
 * 7/2−
 * style="text-indent:1em" | 43m1Ti
 * colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 313.0(10) keV
 * 12.6(6) μs
 * (3/2+)
 * style="text-indent:1em" | 43m2Ti
 * colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 3066.4(10) keV
 * 560(6) ns
 * (19/2−)
 * 44Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * 43.9596901(8)
 * 60.0(11) y
 * EC
 * 44Sc
 * 0+
 * 45Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 23
 * 44.9581256(11)
 * 184.8(5) min
 * β+
 * 45Sc
 * 7/2−
 * 46Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 24
 * 45.9526316(9)
 * colspan=3 align=center|Stable
 * 0+
 * 0.0825(3)
 * 47Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 25
 * 46.9517631(9)
 * colspan=3 align=center|Stable
 * 5/2−
 * 0.0744(2)
 * 48Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 26
 * 47.9479463(9)
 * colspan=3 align=center|Stable
 * 0+
 * 0.7372(3)
 * 49Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 27
 * 48.9478700(9)
 * colspan=3 align=center|Stable
 * 7/2−
 * 0.0541(2)
 * 50Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 28
 * 49.9447912(9)
 * colspan=3 align=center|Stable
 * 0+
 * 0.0518(2)
 * 51Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 29
 * 50.946615(1)
 * 5.76(1) min
 * β−
 * 51V
 * 3/2−
 * 52Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 30
 * 51.946897(8)
 * 1.7(1) min
 * β−
 * 52V
 * 0+
 * 53Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 31
 * 52.94973(11)
 * 32.7(9) s
 * β−
 * 53V
 * (3/2)−
 * 54Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 32
 * 53.95105(13)
 * 1.5(4) s
 * β−
 * 54V
 * 0+
 * 55Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 33
 * 54.95527(16)
 * 490(90) ms
 * β−
 * 55V
 * 3/2−#
 * rowspan=2|56Ti
 * rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 22
 * rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 34
 * rowspan=2|55.95820(21)
 * rowspan=2|164(24) ms
 * β− (>99.9%)
 * 56V
 * rowspan=2|0+
 * rowspan=2|
 * rowspan=2|
 * β−, n (<.1%)
 * 55V
 * rowspan=2|57Ti
 * rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 22
 * rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 35
 * rowspan=2|56.96399(49)
 * rowspan=2|60(16) ms
 * β− (>99.9%)
 * 57V
 * rowspan=2|5/2−#
 * rowspan=2|
 * rowspan=2|
 * β−, n (<.1%)
 * 56V
 * 58Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 36
 * 57.96697(75)#
 * 54(7) ms
 * β−
 * 58V
 * 0+
 * 59Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 37
 * 58.97293(75)#
 * 30(3) ms
 * β−
 * 59V
 * (5/2−)#
 * 60Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 38
 * 59.97676(86)#
 * 22(2) ms
 * β−
 * 60V
 * 0+
 * rowspan=2|61Ti
 * rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 22
 * rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 39
 * rowspan=2|60.98320(97)#
 * rowspan=2|10# ms [>300 ns]
 * β−
 * 61V
 * rowspan=2|1/2−#
 * rowspan=2|
 * rowspan=2|
 * β−, n
 * 60V
 * 62Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 40
 * 61.98749(97)#
 * 10# ms
 * 0+
 * 63Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 41
 * 62.99442(107)#
 * 3# ms
 * 1/2−#
 * 64Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 42
 * 63.998410(640)#
 * 5# ms [>620 ns]
 * 0+
 * rowspan=2|
 * β−, n (<.1%)
 * 56V
 * 58Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 36
 * 57.96697(75)#
 * 54(7) ms
 * β−
 * 58V
 * 0+
 * 59Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 37
 * 58.97293(75)#
 * 30(3) ms
 * β−
 * 59V
 * (5/2−)#
 * 60Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 38
 * 59.97676(86)#
 * 22(2) ms
 * β−
 * 60V
 * 0+
 * rowspan=2|61Ti
 * rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 22
 * rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 39
 * rowspan=2|60.98320(97)#
 * rowspan=2|10# ms [>300 ns]
 * β−
 * 61V
 * rowspan=2|1/2−#
 * rowspan=2|
 * rowspan=2|
 * β−, n
 * 60V
 * 62Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 40
 * 61.98749(97)#
 * 10# ms
 * 0+
 * 63Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 41
 * 62.99442(107)#
 * 3# ms
 * 1/2−#
 * 64Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 42
 * 63.998410(640)#
 * 5# ms [>620 ns]
 * 0+
 * 0+
 * 63Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 41
 * 62.99442(107)#
 * 3# ms
 * 1/2−#
 * 64Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 42
 * 63.998410(640)#
 * 5# ms [>620 ns]
 * 0+
 * 1/2−#
 * 64Ti
 * style="text-align:right" | 22
 * style="text-align:right" | 42
 * 63.998410(640)#
 * 5# ms [>620 ns]
 * 0+
 * 63.998410(640)#
 * 5# ms [>620 ns]
 * 0+
 * 0+
 * 0+

Titanium-44
Titanium-44 (44Ti) is a radioactive isotope of titanium that undergoes electron capture to an excited state of scandium-44 with a half-life of 60 years, before the ground state of 44Sc and ultimately 44Ca are populated. Because titanium-44 can only undergo electron capture, its half-life increases with ionization and it becomes stable in its fully ionized state (that is, having a charge of +22).

Titanium-44 is produced in relative abundance in the alpha process in stellar nucleosynthesis and the early stages of supernova explosions. It is produced when calcium-40 fuses with an alpha particle (helium-4 nucleus) in a star's high-temperature environment; the resulting 44Ti nucleus can then fuse with another alpha particle to form chromium-48. The age of supernovae may be determined through measurements of gamma-ray emissions from titanium-44 and its abundance. It was observed in the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant and SN 1987A at a relatively high concentration, a consequence of delayed decay resulting from ionizing conditions.