Layyah District

Layyah District, is a district in the Punjab, Pakistan. It is located in the southern part of the province. The city of Layyah is the administrative headquarter of Layyah District. Layyah has hot desert climate.

Geography
It lies between 30–45 to 31–24 degree north latitudes and 70–44 to 71–50 degree east longitudes. The area consists of a semi-rectangular block of sandy land between the Indus River and the Chenab River in Sindh Sagar Doab. The total area covered by the district is 6,291 km2 with a width from east to west of 88 km and a length from north to south of 72 km.

History
Layyah region was part of Multan region when Umayyad Arabs conquered the area, spreading Islam in the region. The town was founded around 1550 by Kamal Khan, who laid foundation of Dera Ghazi Khan. Around 1610, the town was taken from the Rulers, who held it until 1787. Abdun Nabi Sarai was appointed Governor by Timur Shah Durrani, but three years later it was included in the Governorship of Muhammad Khan Sadozai, who transferred his seat of Government to Mankera.

In 1794, Humayun Shah, the rival claimant to the throne of Kabul, was captured near Layyah and brought into the town, where his eyes were gouged out on the command of Zaman Shah. Under the Sikh Government, the town once more became the centre of administration for the neighbouring tract, and after the British occupation in 1849, was for a time the headquarters of a Civil Administrative Division.

This administrative status of Layyah was short-lived and the British reduced it to the level of Tehsil headquarters, making it a part of Dera Ismail Khan. In 1901, Layyah was transferred to the new District of Mianwali. Later on, it was made part of the Muzaffargarh District. In 1982, Layyah Tehsil was upgraded to District headquarters comprising three Tehsils: Layyah, Karor and Chaubara. The municipality was created in 1875.

Administrative divisions
The district of Layyah is made up of three tehsils:


 * 1) Chaubara Tehsil
 * 2) Karor Lal Esan Tehsil
 * 3) Layyah Tehsil

Main Towns
There are seven main towns of District Layyah are:
 * 1) Chowk Azam
 * 2) Fatehpur
 * 3) Kot Sultan
 * 4) Pahar Pur Thal
 * 5) choubara
 * 6) peer jaggi
 * 7) ladhana

Villages

 * Dewaywala
 * Metlawala
 * Pati Lail, (Teshil Choubara)
 * Sobha Singhwala
 * Udhowala

Education
According to Pakistan District Education Ranking, a report released by Alif Ailaan, Layyah is ranked at number 38 out of 155 districts nationally with an education score of 66.76. The learning score of Layyah is 70.8. The readiness score of Layyah is 65.13 ranking the district at number 31. Furthermore, the school infrastructure score of Layyah is 94.38, placing it a national rank of 18. The score reflects that most schools in Layyah have all basic facilities e.g. electricity, drinking water and functional toilets.

The issues reported in [https://web.archive.org/web/20180803074507/https://elections.alifailaan.pk/taleemdo-app/ TaleemDo! App] by the residents of Layyah suggest that students of government schools have low confidence as compared to private schools, but the students can’t go to private schools because of high fees. Complaints about quality of teachers and a few basic facilities are also the issues reported in the app.

Higher Education
In education Layyah is improving day by day.

Public Sector Colleges
There are 20 colleges available for the education of males and females of Layyah.
 * 1) Boys	06
 * 2)  	Girls	09
 * 3)  	Commerce	05
 * Total	20

Private Sector Colleges

 * 1) Boys	08
 * 2)  	Girls	03
 * 3)  	Commerce & Business	03
 * Total 	14

Public Sector Universities

 * 1) University of Layyah

Departments

 * Department of Business Administration
 * Department of English
 * Department of Economics
 * Department of Psychology
 * Department of Sociology
 * Department of Education

Colleges

 * College of Veterinary Sciences
 * College of Agriculture

Private Sector Universities

 * 1) Govt. College University Faisalabad (Layyah Campus)
 * 2) University of Education, Lahore (Layyah Campus)
 * 3) Govt. College University, Lahore (Layyah Campus)
 * 4) National College of Business Administration & Economics Lahore (Layyah Campus)

Small Dams
There are 17 small dams in the district to provide water for irrigation.
 * 1) Khokher Zer Dam
 * 2) Surlah Dam
 * 3) Dhok Talian Dam
 * 4) Kot Raja Dam
 * 5) Dhoke Qutab Din Dam
 * 6) Nikka Dam
 * 7) Walana Dam
 * 8) Khai Gurabh Dam
 * 9) Pira Fatehal Dam
 * 10) Bhagtal Dam
 * 11) Dhurnal Dam
 * 12) Mial Dam
 * 13) Kanwal Dam
 * 14) Dhrabi Dam
 * 15) Khai Dam
 * 16) Chowkhandi Dam
 * 17) Minwal Dam

Industries
There are multiple industries in Layyah.
 * Sugar Mill	01
 * Rice Factories	15
 * Cotton Ginning Factories	25
 * Ice Factories	18
 * Vegetable Ghee Factory	0
 * Cold Storage	05
 * Flour Mills	13
 * Total	78

Land Statistics
Land of Layyah is categorized in 6 parts.
 * Cultivated Area	       10,12,828 Acres
 * Irrigated Area	       8,32,306 Acres
 * Barani Area	       1,80,522 Acres
 * Uncultivated Area	5, 39,820 Acres
 * Culture able Waste	59,600 Acres
 * Un-Culture able Area	4,80,220 Acres

Types of irrigation
Irrigation of layyah is divided in 3 types.
 * Revierian Area	       2,01,572 Acres
 * Thal Irrigated Area	6,70,633 Acres
 * Thal Barani Area	6,80,433 Acres

Transportation
There are 2 main means of transportation used in layyah listed below.

Road Network
Road Network of the district is linked as:

Layyah toward Kot Addu-Muzaffargarh, D.G.Khan, Rajanpur and so on to Karachi Layyah to Bhakhar-Mianwali and so on to Islamabad Layyah to Multan Layyah to Jhang-Toba Tek Singh-Faisalabad-Sahiwal and so on to Lahore

Rail Network
Rail Network of the district is linked as:

Rail Network also available for Layyah to Muzaffargarh & Multan and Layyah to Bhakkar - Mianwali to Rawalpindi / Islamabad

Floods
Sehar village residents flood-prone Layyah district, had seen their homes repeatedly inundated and they finally took matters into their own hands and rebuilt their homes on raised dirt platforms five to six feet high, shored up with eucalyptus trees planted around the edges.

Demography
At the time of the 2017 census, Layyah district had 281,728 households and a population of 1,823,995. Layyah had a sex ratio of 972 females per 1000 males and a literacy rate of 58.19% - 69.50% for males and 46.68% for females. 265,601 (14.56%) lived in urban areas. 538,886 (29.54%) were under 10 years of age. In 2023, the district had 341,276 households and a population of 2,102,386.

At the time of the 2017 census, 66.67% of the population spoke Saraiki, 27.79% Punjabi, 2.78% Urdu and 2.29% Pashto as their first language.