List of British monarchs

There have been 13 British monarchs since the political union of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland on 1 May 1707. England and Scotland had been in personal union since 24 March 1603. On 1 January 1801, the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland merged, creating first the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and later the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland upon the secession of southern Ireland in the 1920s.

Union and succession
Queen Anne became monarch of the Kingdom of Great Britain after the political union of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland on 1 May 1707. She had ruled England, Scotland, and the Kingdom of Ireland since 8 March 1702. She continued as queen of Great Britain and Ireland until her death. Her total reign lasted 12 years and 147 days. Although Anne's great grandfather, James VI and I ((r. 1603 – 1625)), the monarch of the Union of the Crowns, proclaimed himself "King of Great Britain", and used it on coinage, stamps and elsewhere, the Parliament of England had refused to use that style in statutory law or address.

Anne's only children died young, so during her reign, Parliament settled the rules of succession in the Act of Settlement 1701, by defining Sophia of Hanover (granddaughter of James VI and I) and her non-Catholic descendants as the future royal heirs. The Crown passed from Queen Anne to Sophia's son, King George I, as Sophia had already died. Queen Anne and King George I were second cousins, as both were great-grandchildren of James VI and I. For a family tree that shows George I's relationship to Anne, see.

List
! colspan=8 style="background-color:#ccf" | House of Stuart
 * Anne 1 May 1707 – 1 August 1714 (23 years, 184 days) (Queen of England and Scotland from 8 March 1702) (22 years, 338 days)
 * Dahl, Michael - Queen Anne - NPG 6187.jpg
 * Royal Arms of Great Britain (1707-1714).svg
 * 6 February 1665 St James's Palace Daughter of James VII and II and Anne Hyde
 * George of Denmark St James's Palace 28 July 1683 5 children until 28 October 1708
 * 1 August 1714 Kensington Palace Aged 49
 * Daughter of James VII and II Bill of Rights 1689
 * Daughter of James VII and II Bill of Rights 1689

! colspan=8 style="background-color:#ccf" | House of Hanover
 * George I George Louis 1 August 1714 – 11 June 1727 (23 years, 174 days)
 * King George I by Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt (3).jpg
 * rowspan=2 | Royal Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg
 * 28 May 1660 Leineschloss Son of Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover, and Sophia of the Palatinate
 * Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Celle Celle Castle 21 November 1682 2 children div. 28 December 1694
 * 11 June 1727 Osnabrück Castle Aged 67
 * Great-grandson of James VI and I Act of Settlement 1701
 * Great-grandson of James VI and I Act of Settlement 1701


 * George II George Augustus 11 June 1727 – 25 October 1760 
 * George II by Thomas Hudson.jpg
 * 30 October 1683 Herrenhausen Palace Son of George I and Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Celle
 * Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach Herrenhausen Gardens 22 August 1705 8 children until 20 November 1737
 * 25 October 1760 Kensington Palace Aged 76
 * Son of George I
 * Son of George I


 * George III George William Frederick 25 October 1760 – 29 January 1820 
 * Allan Ramsay - King George III in coronation robes - Google Art Project.jpg
 * Until 1801: Royal Arms of Great Britain (1714-1801).svg 1801–1816: Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1801-1816).svg From 1816: Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg
 * 24 May 1738 Norfolk House Son of Frederick, Prince of Wales, and Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
 * Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz St James's Palace 8 September 1761 15 children until 17 November 1818
 * 29 January 1820 Windsor Castle Aged 81
 * Grandson of George II
 * Grandson of George II


 * George IV George Augustus Frederick 29 January 1820 — 26 June 1830 
 * George IV 1821 color.jpg
 * rowspan=2 | Royal Arms of United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg
 * 12 August 1762 St James's Palace Son of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
 * Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel St James's Palace 8 April 1795 1 daughter until 7 August 1821
 * 26 June 1830 Windsor Castle Aged 67
 * Son of George III
 * Son of George III


 * William IV William Henry 26 June 1830 — 20 June 1837 
 * William IV in 1833 by Shee.jpg
 * 21 August 1765 Buckingham Palace Son of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
 * Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen Kew Palace 13 July 1818 2 daughters
 * 20 June 1837 Windsor Castle Aged 71
 * Son of George III
 * Son of George III


 * Victoria Alexandrina Victoria 20 June 1837 — 22 January 1901 
 * Queen Victoria 1843.jpg
 * Arms of the United Kingdom (Variant 1).svg
 * 24 May 1819 Kensington Palace Daughter of Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, and Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
 * Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha St James's Palace 10 February 1840 9 children until 14 December 1861
 * 22 January 1901 Osborne House Aged 81
 * Niece of William IV
 * Niece of William IV

! colspan=8 style="background-color:#ccf" | House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha ! colspan=8 style="background-color:#ccf" | House of Windsor
 * Edward VII Albert Edward 22 January 1901 — 6 May 1910 
 * King Edward VII by Sir (Samuel) Luke Fildes.jpg
 * Arms of the United Kingdom (Variant 1).svg
 * 9 November 1841 Buckingham Palace Son of Victoria and Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
 * Alexandra of Denmark St George's Chapel 10 March 1863 6 children
 * 6 May 1910 Buckingham Palace Aged 68
 * Son of Victoria
 * Son of Victoria


 * George V George Frederick Ernest Albert 6 May 1910 — 20 January 1936 (23 years, 15 days)
 * King George V 1911.jpg
 * rowspan=3 | Arms of the United Kingdom (Variant 1).svg
 * 3 June 1865 Marlborough House Son of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark
 * Mary of Teck St James's Palace 6 July 1893 6 children
 * 20 January 1936 Sandringham House Aged 70
 * Son of Edward VII
 * Son of Edward VII


 * Edward VIII Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David 20 January 1936 — 11 December 1936 (abdicated) 
 * His Majesty King Edward VIII in Garter Robes (cropped).jpg
 * 23 June 1894 White Lodge Son of George V and Mary of Teck
 * Wallis Simpson Château de Candé 3 June 1937
 * 28 May 1972 4 route du Champ d'Entraînement Aged 77
 * Son of George V
 * Son of George V


 * George VI Albert Frederick Arthur George 11 December 1936 — 6 February 1952 (22 years)
 * George VI.jpg
 * 14 December 1895 York Cottage Son of George V and Mary of Teck
 * Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon Westminster Abbey 26 April 1923 2 daughters
 * 6 February 1952 Sandringham House Aged 56
 * Son of George V His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act 1936
 * Son of George V His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act 1936


 * Elizabeth II Elizabeth Alexandra Mary 6 February 1952 — 8 September 2022 (23 years, 27 days)
 * Queen Elizabeth II in Coronation Robes.jpg
 * rowspan=2 | Arms of the United Kingdom.svg
 * 21 April 1926 17 Bruton Street, Mayfair Daughter of George VI and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
 * Philip of Greece and Denmark Westminster Abbey 20 November 1947 4 children until 9 April 2021
 * 8 September 2022 Balmoral Castle Aged 96
 * Daughter of George VI
 * Daughter of George VI


 * Charles III Charles Philip Arthur George 8 September 2022 — present 
 * Charles III 2023 Coronation (cropped).jpg
 * 14 November 1948 Buckingham Palace Son of Elizabeth II and Philip of Greece and Denmark
 * Diana Spencer St Paul's Cathedral 29 July 1981 2 sons div. 28 August 1996 Camilla Parker Bowles Windsor Guildhall 9 April 2005
 * Living Age 0
 * Son of Elizabeth II
 * Son of Elizabeth II


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