List of U.S. states and territories by incarceration and correctional supervision rate

This article has lists of US states and US territories by incarceration and correctional supervision rates. There are also counts of inmates for various categories. The data is from the United States Department of Justice and other sources. The incarceration numbers include sentenced and unsentenced inmates from many categories.

Incarceration rates and totals; numbers in state, federal, and local institutions
The 2 table halves are a comprehensive breakdown of inmates across many categories. The incarceration rate for a location is calculated from the total of inmates across that location row. The data is from various years, and is the latest available as of June 2024. Totals are at the end of the table.

Some US territories are in alphabetical order in the 2 table halves: American Samoa. Northern Mariana Islands. U.S. Virgin Islands.

Asterisk (*) indicates "Incarceration in LOCATION" or "Crime in LOCATION" links.

Numbers in institution types: youth, Indian, civil commitment, forensic psychiatric, immigration, military
Further breakdown of inmates across categories. Totals at end of table.

Asterisk (*) indicates "Incarceration in LOCATION" or "Crime in LOCATION" links.

By territory and percentage female
Asterisk (*) indicates "Incarceration in TERRITORY" or "Crime in TERRITORY" links.

Juvenile detention
Juvenile detention totals from the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.

Comparison with other countries


On January 1, 2008 more than 1 in 100 adults in the United States were in prison or jail. Total US incarceration peaked in 2008. The US incarceration rate was the highest in the world in 2008. It is no longer the highest rate.

The United States has one of the highest rates of female incarceration. According to a November 2017 report by the World Prison Brief around 212,000 of the 714,000 female prisoners worldwide (women and girls) are incarcerated in the United States. In the United States in 2016, women made up 9.8% of the incarcerated population in adult prisons and jails.

Comparing English-speaking developed countries; the overall incarceration rate in the US was 531 per 100,000 population of all ages in 2021, the incarceration rate of Canada was 85 per 100,000 in 2020, England and Wales was 146 per 100,000 in 2023, and Australia was 158 per 100,000 in 2022. Comparing other developed countries, the rate of Spain was 122 per 100,000 in 2020, France was 90 per 100,000 in 2020, Germany was 69 per 100,000 in 2020, Norway was 49 per 100,000 in 2020, Netherlands was 63 per 100,000 in 2018, and Japan was 38 per 100,000 in 2019.

The racial aspect of mass incarceration in the United States is striking. According to Michelle Alexander (in 2010 book), the United States "imprisons a larger percentage of its black population than South Africa did at the height of apartheid."

Correctional supervision by state
Chart below has numbers for people in adult facilities, and for people on probation and on parole. The incarceration numbers for the states in the chart below are for sentenced and unsentenced inmates in adult facilities in local jails and state prisons. Numbers for federal prisons are in the Federal line.

Asterisk (*) indicates "Incarceration in STATE" or "Crime in STATE" links.

Male and female incarceration and correctional supervision
In 2015 there were 1,942,500 male and 202,600 female inmates in prisons and jails. That is 10.4% female.


 * Note: The state, federal, and U.S. total rows sort, but they come back to the top after further sorting.
 * Asterisk (*) indicates "Incarceration in STATE" or "Crime in STATE" links.

U.S. states compared to countries
See first chart to right. The data is from various years, and is the latest available as of June 2024. From the source report: "This graph shows the number of people in state prisons, local jails, federal prisons, and other systems of confinement from each U.S. state and territory per 100,000 people in that state or territory and the incarceration rate per 100,000 in all countries with a total population of at least 500,000."

Female incarceration in U.S. states and countries
See second chart at right. Female incarceration rates by country and US state. Per 100,000 female population of all ages. Incarcerated females of all ages (where the data are available). From a 2018 report with latest available data. From the source report: "This graph shows the number of women in state prisons, local jails, and federal prisons from each U.S. state per 100,000 people in that state and the incarceration rate per 100,000 in all countries with at least a half million in total population."