List of freshwater fish of Russia

List of freshwater fish of Russia includes species of freshwater fish found in Russian Federation, and includes those introduced.

Acipenseridae (Sturgeons)

 * Acipenser
 * Acipenser baerii — Siberian sturgeon
 * Acipenser gueldenstaedtii — Russian sturgeon
 * Acipenser mikadoi  — Sakhalin sturgeon
 * Acipenser nudiventris — Fringebarbel sturgeon
 * Acipenser persicus — Persian sturgeon
 * Acipenser ruthenus — Sterlet
 * Acipenser schrenckii — Japanese sturgeon
 * Acipenser stellatus — Starry sturgeon
 * Acipenser sturio — European sea sturgeon
 * Huso
 * Huso dauricus — Kaluga sturgeon
 * Huso huso — Beluga sturgeon

Polyodontidae (Paddlefishes)

 * Polyodon
 * Polyodon spathula — American paddlefish; North American species, acclimatized

Clupeidae (Herring, shads, sardines, and menhadens))

 * Alosa (River herrings)
 * Alosa alosa — Allis shad
 * Alosa caspia — Caspian shad
 * Alosa immaculata — Pontic shad
 * Alosa kessleri — Caspian anadromous shad
 * Clupeonella
 * Clupeonella abrau — Abrau sprat
 * Clupeonella cultriventris — Black Sea sprat

Subfamily Salmoninae

 * Brachymystax (Lenoks)
 * Brachymystax lenok — Sharp-snouted lenok
 * Brachymystax tumensis — Blunt-snouted lenok
 * Hucho
 * Hucho perryi — Japanese huchen, Sakhalin taimen
 * Hucho taimen — Taimen
 * Oncorhynchus (Pacific salmon and Pacific trout)
 * Oncorhynchus gorbuscha — Pink salmon, humpback salmon
 * Oncorhynchus keta — Chum salmon, dog salmon, keta salmon, silverbrite salmon
 * Oncorhynchus kisutch — Coho salmon, silver salmon, silvers
 * Oncorhynchus masou — masu salmon, cherry salmon, Japanese salmon, seema
 * Oncorhynchus mykiss — Rainbow trout
 * Oncorhynchus nerka — Sockeye salmon, red salmon, blueback salmon, kokanee
 * Oncorhynchus tshawytscha — Chinook salmon
 * Salmo
 * Salmo ezenami — Kezenoi-am trout
 * Salmo labrax — Black Sea salmon
 * Salmo salar — Atlantic salmon
 * Salmo trutta — Brown trout
 * Salvelinus (Char)
 * Salvelinus albus — White char
 * Salvelinus alpinus — Arctic char
 * Salvelinus andriashevi — Chukot char
 * Salvelinus boganidae — Boganida char
 * Salvelinus czerskii — Cherskii's char
 * Salvelinus drjagini — Dryagin's char
 * Salvelinus elgyticus — Small-mouth char
 * Salvelinus jacuticus — Yakutian char
 * Salvelinus kronocius
 * Salvelinus lepechini
 * Salvelinus leucomaenis — Whitespotted char
 * Salvelinus levanidovi
 * Salvelinus malma — Dolly Varden trout
 * Salvelinus neiva — Neiva
 * Salvelinus schmidti
 * Salvelinus taimyricus
 * Salvelinus taranetzi — Taranets char
 * Salvelinus tolmachoffi — Lake Yessey char
 * Salvethymus
 * Salvethymus svetovidovi — Long-finned charr

Subfamily Coregoninae

 * Coregonus (Whitefishes)
 * Coregonus albula — Vendace
 * Coregonus autumnalis — Arctic cisco
 * Coregonus baicalensis
 * Coregonus chadary — Khadary whitefish
 * Coregonus laurettae — Bering cisco
 * Coregonus lavaretus — common whitefish, European whitefish; lavaret
 * Coregonus migratorius — Omul
 * Coregonus muksun — Muksun
 * Coregonus nasus — Broad whitefish
 * Coregonus peled — Peled
 * Coregonus sardinella — Sardine cisco
 * Coregonus tugun — Tugun
 * Coregonus ussuriensis — Amur whitefish
 * Prosopium
 * Prosopium coulterii — Pygmy whitefish
 * Prosopium cylindraceum — Round whitefish
 * Stenodus
 * Stenodus leucichthys — Beloribitsa
 * Stenodus nelma — Nelma, sheefish or inconnu

Subfamily Thymallinae

 * Thymallus (Graylings)
 * Thymallus arcticus — Arctic grayling
 * Thymallus baicalensis — Baikal black grayling
 * Thymallus brevipinnis — Baikal white grayling
 * Thymallus brevirostris — Mongolian grayling
 * Thymallus burejensis
 * Thymallus flavomaculatus — Yellow-spotted grayling
 * Thymallus grubii — Amur grayling
 * Thymallus mertensii
 * Thymallus pallasii — East Siberian grayling
 * Thymallus svetovidovi — Upper Yenisei grayling
 * Thymallus thymallus — Grayling
 * Thymallus tugarinae — Lower Amur grayling

Osmeridae (Freshwater smelts, typical smelts)

 * Hypomesus
 * Hypomesus japonicus
 * Hypomesus nipponensis — Japanese smelt
 * Hypomesus olidus — Pond smelt
 * Osmerus
 * Osmerus eperlanus — European smelt
 * Osmerus mordax — Rainbow smelt

Esocidae (Pikes)

 * Esox
 * Esox lucius — Northern pike
 * Esox reichertii — Amur pike

Umbridae (Mudminnows)

 * Dallia
 * Dallia admirabilis
 * Dallia delicatissima
 * Dallia pectoralis — Alaska blackfish

Anguillidae (Freshwater eels)

 * Anguilla
 * Anguilla anguilla — European eel

Cyprinidae

 * Abbottina (False gudgeons)
 * Abbottina rivularis — Chinese false gudgeon
 * Abramis
 * Abramis brama — Common bream
 * Acanthorhodeus (Spiny bitterlings)
 * Acanthorhodeus chankaensis — Khanka spiny bitterling
 * Acheilognathus (Bitterlings)
 * Acheilognathus asmussii — Russian bitterling
 * Alburnoides (Bleaks)
 * Alburnoides bipunctatus — Schneider, spirlin, bleak, riffle minnow
 * Alburnus (Bleaks)
 * Alburnus alburnus — Common bleak
 * Alburnus chalcoides — Danube bleak or Caspian shemaya
 * Aphyocypris
 * Aphyocypris chinensis — Chinese bleak
 * Aspius
 * Aspius aspius — Asp
 * Ballerus (Breams)
 * Ballerus ballerus — Zope, blue bream
 * Ballerus sapa — White-eye bream
 * Barbus (Typical barbels and barbs)
 * Barbus barbus — Common barbel
 * Barbus ciscaucasicus — Terek barbel
 * Barbus tauricus — Crimean barbel
 * Blicca
 * Blicca bjoerkna — Silver bream
 * Carassius
 * Carassius carassius  — Crucian carp
 * Carassius gibelio — Prussian carp
 * Chanodichthys
 * Chanodichthys dabryi — Humpback
 * Chanodichthys erythropterus — Predatory carp
 * Chanodichthys mongolicus — Mongolian redfin
 * Chondrostoma (Nases)
 * Chondrostoma colchicum — Colchic nase
 * Chondrostoma nasus — Common nase, sneep
 * Chondrostoma oxyrhynchum — Terek nase
 * Chondrostoma variabile — Volga undermouth
 * Ctenopharyngodon
 * Ctenopharyngodon idella — Grass carp, white amur
 * Culter
 * Culter alburnus
 * Cyprinus (Typical carps)
 * Cyprinus carpio — Common carp
 * Elopichthys
 * Elopichthys bambusa — Yellowcheek or kanyu
 * Gnathopogon
 * Gnathopogon strigatus — Manchurian gudgeon
 * Gobio (Typical gudgeons)
 * Gobio gobio — Gudgeon
 * Gobio soldatovi — Soldatov's gudgeon
 * Gobiobotia
 * Gobiobotia pappenheimi — Eightbarbel gudgeon
 * Hemibarbus
 * Hemibarbus labeo — Barbel steed
 * Hemibarbus maculatus — Spotted steed
 * Hemiculter
 * Hemiculter leucisculus — Sharpbelly
 * Hemiculter lucidus — Ussuri Sharpbelly
 * Hypophthalmichthys
 * Hypophthalmichthys molitrix — Silver carp
 * Hypophthalmichthys nobilis — Bighead carp; Chinese species, introduced into Amur River basin, acclimatized in European part of Russia
 * Ladislavia
 * Ladislavia taczhanowskii — Taczanowski's gudgeon
 * Leucaspius
 * Leucaspius delineatus — Sunbleak, belica, moderlieschen
 * Leuciscus (Eurasian daces)
 * Leuciscus danilewskii — Danilevskii's dace
 * Leuciscus idus — Ide
 * Leuciscus leuciscus — Common dace
 * Leuciscus waleckii — Amur ide
 * Luciobarbus
 * Luciobarbus brachycephalus — Aral barbel
 * Luciobarbus capito — Bulatmai barbel
 * Megalobrama
 * Megalobrama terminalis — Black Amur bream
 * Microphysogobio
 * Microphysogobio tungtingensis — Long-nosed gudgeon
 * Mylopharyngodon
 * Mylopharyngodon piceus — Black carp, black Chinese roach
 * Ochetobius
 * Ochetobius elongatus, introduced into Lake Khanka
 * Opsariichthys
 * Opsariichthys uncirostris — Three-lips
 * Oreoleuciscus
 * Oreoleuciscus humilis — Dwarf Altai osman
 * Oreoleuciscus potanini — Altai osman
 * Parabramis
 * Parabramis pekinensis — White Amur bream
 * Pelecus
 * Pelecus cultratus — Sichel, ziege, sabre carp, sabrefish
 * Petroleuciscus
 * Petroleuciscus borysthenicus — Dnieper chub, Black Sea chub
 * Phoxinus
 * Phoxinus phoxinus — Eurasian minnow
 * Plagiognathops
 * Plagiognathops microlepis — Smallscale yellowfin
 * Pseudaspius
 * Pseudaspius leptocephalus — Redfin
 * Pseudorasbora
 * Pseudorasbora parva — Stone moroko
 * Rhodeus (Bitterlings)
 * Rhodeus lighti — Light's bitterling
 * Rhodeus sericeus — Amur bitterling
 * Rhynchocypris
 * Rhynchocypris czekanowskii — Czekanowski's minnow
 * Rhynchocypris lagowskii — Amur minnow
 * Rhynchocypris percnurus — Lake minnow
 * Romanogobio
 * Romanogobio albipinnatus — White-finned gudgeon
 * Romanogobio ciscaucasicus — North Caucasian long-barbelled gudgeon
 * Romanogobio pentatrichus — Kuban long-barbelled gudgeon
 * Romanogobio tenuicorpus — Amur whitefin gudgeon
 * Rutilus (Roaches)
 * Rutilus caspicus — Vobla, Caspian roach
 * Rutilus frisii — vyrezub, Black Sea roach, kutum
 * Rutilus kutum — Caspian kutum
 * Rutilus rutilus — Common roach
 * Sarcocheilichthys
 * Sarcocheilichthys czerskii — Cherskii's thicklip gudgeon
 * Sarcocheilichthys sinensis — Chinese lake gudgeon
 * Sarcocheilichthys soldatovi — Soldatov's thicklip gudgeon
 * Saurogobio
 * Saurogobio dabryi — Chinese lizard gudgeon
 * Scardinius (Rudds)
 * Scardinius erythrophthalmus — Common Rudd
 * Squalidus
 * Squalidus chankaensis — Khanka gudgeon
 * Squaliobarbus
 * Squaliobarbus curriculus — Barbel chub
 * Squalius (European chubs)
 * Squalius aphipsi — Aphips chub
 * Squalius cephalus — European chub
 * Tinca
 * Tinca tinca — Tench
 * Tribolodon
 * Tribolodon brandtii — Pacific redfin
 * Tribolodon hakonensis — Big-scaled redfin
 * Tribolodon sachalinensis
 * Vimba
 * Vimba vimba — Vimba bream
 * Xenocypris
 * Xenocypris argentea —

Catostomidae (Suckers)

 * Catostomus
 * Catostomus catostomus — Longnose sucker
 * Ictiobus (Buffalo fish)
 * Ictiobus bubalus — Smallmouth buffalo; North American species, acclimatized
 * Ictiobus cyprinellus — Bigmouth buffalo; North American species, acclimatized
 * Ictiobus niger — Black buffalo; North American species, acclimatized

Nemacheilidae (Stone loaches)

 * Barbatula
 * Barbatula barbatula — Stone loach
 * Barbatula toni
 * Lefua
 * Lefua costata — Eightbarbel loach
 * Oxynoemacheilus
 * Oxynoemacheilus merga — Krynicki's loach

Cobitidae (True loaches)

 * Cobitis (Typical spiny loaches)
 * Cobitis choii — Choi's spiny loach
 * Cobitis lutheri — Luther's spiny loach
 * Cobitis melanoleuca
 * Cobitis rossomeridionalis
 * Cobitis taenia — Spined loach
 * Misgurnus (Weatherfishes, weather loaches)
 * Misgurnus anguillicaudatus — Pond loach
 * Misgurnus fossilis — Weatherfish
 * Sabanejewia (Golden loaches)
 * Sabanejewia aurata — Golden spined loach
 * Sabanejewia caucasica — Ciscaucasian spined loach

Botiidae

 * Parabotia
 * Parabotia mantschurica — Manchurian spiny loach

Siluridae

 * Silurus
 * Silurus asotus — Amur catfish
 * Silurus glanis — Wels catfish
 * Silurus soldatovi — Soldatov's catfish

Bagridae (Naked catfishes, bagrid catfishes)

 * Leiocassis
 * Leiocassis brashnikowi
 * Leiocassis herzensteini
 * Leiocassis ussuriensis
 * Mystus
 * Mystus mica
 * Tachysurus
 * Tachysurus fulvidraco — Yellowhead catfish, Korean bullhead

Ictaluridae

 * Ameiurus
 * Ameiurus nebulosus — Brown bullhead; North American species, acclimatized
 * Ictalurus
 * Ictalurus punctatus — Channel catfish; North American species, acclimatized

Adrianichthyidae (Ricefishes)

 * Oryzias
 * Oryzias latipes — Japanese ricefish; acclimatized in Krasnodar Krai

Poeciliidae

 * Gambusia (Mosquitofishes)
 * Gambusia holbrooki — Eastern mosquitofish; acclimatized in Krasnodar Krai; some populations are reported from central Russia
 * Poecilia
 * Poecilia reticulata — Guppy; self-replicating populations are reported from Moskva River and Volga River

Lotidae (Rocklings)

 * Lota
 * Lota lota — Burbot

Gasterosteidae (Sticklebacks)

 * Gasterosteus
 * Gasterosteus aculeatus — Three-spined stickleback
 * Pungitius
 * Pungitius platygaster — Southern ninespined stickleback
 * Pungitius pungitius — Ninespined stickleback
 * Pungitius sinensis — Amur stickleback
 * Pungitius tymensis — Sakhalin stickleback

Syngnathidae

 * Syngnathus (Seaweed pipefish)
 * Syngnathus abaster — Black-striped pipefish

Percichthyidae (Temperate perches)

 * Siniperca
 * Siniperca chuatsi — Mandarin fish, Chinese perch

Moronidae (Temperate basses)

 * Morone
 * Morone saxatilis — Striped bass; North American species, acclimatized in Krasnodar Krai

Centrarchidae

 * Micropterus (Black basses)
 * Micropterus salmoides — Largemouth black bass; North American species, acclimatized

Percidae

 * Gymnocephalus (Ruffes)
 * Gymnocephalus acerina — Donets ruffe
 * Gymnocephalus cernua — Eurasian ruffe
 * Perca (Perches)
 * Perca fluviatilis — European perch
 * Percarina
 * Percarina demidoffi — Common percarina
 * Percarina maeotica — Azov percarina
 * Sander
 * Sander lucioperca — Zander, pike-perch
 * Sander volgensis — Volga pikeperch, Volga zander

Cichlidae (Cichlids)

 * Oreochromis
 * Oreochromis mossambicus — Mozambique tilapia; African species, acclimatized in Krasnodar Krai

Odontobutidae (Freshwater sleepers)

 * Micropercops
 * Micropercops cinctus
 * Perccottus
 * Perccottus glenii — Chinese sleeper, Amur sleeper

Gobiidae (Gobies)

 * Acanthogobius
 * Acanthogobius flavimanus — Yellowfin goby
 * Acanthogobius lactipes
 * Babka
 * Babka gymnotrachelus — Racer goby
 * Benthophilus (Tadpole-gobies, pugolovkas)
 * Benthophilus baeri — Baer pugolovka
 * Benthophilus casachicus
 * Benthophilus granulosus — Granular pugolovka
 * Benthophilus macrocephalus — Caspian tadpole goby
 * Benthophilus magistri — Azov tadpole goby
 * Benthophilus mahmudbejovi — Small-spine tadpole-goby
 * Benthophilus stellatus — Stellate tadpole-goby
 * Caspiosoma
 * Caspiosoma caspium
 * Chaenogobius
 * Chaenogobius annularis — Forktongue goby
 * Gymnogobius
 * Gymnogobius castaneus — Biringo
 * Gymnogobius macrognathus
 * Gymnogobius taranetzi
 * Gymnogobius urotaenia
 * Hyrcanogobius
 * Hyrcanogobius bergi — Volga dwarf goby; the smallest Russian fish
 * Knipowitschia
 * Knipowitschia caucasica — Caucasian dwarf goby
 * Knipowitschia longecaudata — Longtail dwarf goby
 * Mesogobius
 * Mesogobius batrachocephalus — Knout goby
 * Neogobius
 * Neogobius fluviatilis — Monkey goby
 * Neogobius melanostomus — Round goby
 * Pomatoschistus
 * Pomatoschistus marmoratus — Marbled goby
 * Ponticola
 * Ponticola gorlap — Caspian bighead goby
 * Ponticola platyrostris — Flatsnout goby
 * Ponticola rhodioni — Riverine goby
 * Ponticola syrman — Syrman goby
 * Proterorhinus
 * Proterorhinus marmoratus — Tubenose goby
 * Proterorhinus nasalis — Eastern tubenose goby
 * Proterorhinus semilunaris — Western tubenose goby
 * Rhinogobius
 * Rhinogobius brunneus — Amur goby
 * Tridentiger (Tripletooth gobies)
 * Tridentiger obscurus — Dusky tripletooth goby
 * Tridentiger trigonocephalus — Chameleon goby

Channidae (Snakeheads)

 * Channa
 * Channa argus — Northern snakehead

Cottidae (Cottids)

 * Cottus
 * Cottus amblystomopsis — Sakhalin sculpin
 * Cottus cognatus — Slimy sculpin
 * Cottus czerskii — Cherskii's sculpin
 * Cottus gobio — Bullhead
 * Cottus hangiongensis
 * Cottus poecilopus — Alpine bullhead
 * Cottus sibiricus — Siberian sculpin
 * Mesocottus
 * Mesocottus haitej — Amur sculpin
 * Myoxocephalus
 * Myoxocephalus quadricornis — Fourhorn sculpin

Cottocomephoridae (Bighead sculpins, Baikal sculpins)
This entire family is mostly endemic to Russia, where it found in Lake Baikal and surrounding lakes and rivers.
 * Batrachocottus
 * Batrachocottus baicalensis — Bighead sculpin
 * Batrachocottus multiradiatus
 * Batrachocottus nikolskii — Fat sculpin
 * Batrachocottus talievi
 * Cottocomephorus
 * Cottocomephorus alexandrae
 * Cottocomephorus grewingkii — Baikal yellowfin
 * Cottocomephorus inermis — Longfin Baikal sculpin
 * Leocottus
 * Leocottus kesslerii — Kessler's sculpin
 * Paracottus
 * Paracottus knerii — Stone sculpin

Comephoridae
This entire family is endemic to Russia, Lake Baikal.


 * Comephorus (Golomyankas, Baikal oilfish)
 * Comephorus baicalensis — Big Baikal oilfish
 * Comephorus dybowski — Little Baikal oilfish

Abyssocottidae (Deep-water sculpins)
This entire family is endemic to Russia, Lake Baikal.


 * Abyssocottus
 * Abyssocottus elochini
 * Abyssocottus gibbosus
 * Abyssocottus korotneffi
 * Asprocottus
 * Asprocottus abyssalis
 * Asprocottus herzensteini — Herzenstein's rough sculpin
 * Asprocottus korjakovi
 * Asprocottus parmiferus
 * Asprocottus platycephalus
 * Asprocottus pulcher
 * Cottinella
 * Cottinella boulengeri — Short-headed sculpin
 * Cyphocottus
 * Cyphocottus eurystomus
 * Cyphocottus megalops — Vitim sculpin
 * Limnocottus
 * Limnocottus bergianus
 * Limnocottus godlewskii
 * Limnocottus griseus
 * Limnocottus pallidus
 * Neocottus
 * Neocottus thermalis
 * Neocottus werestschagini
 * Procottus
 * Procottus gotoi
 * Procottus gurwici — Dwarf sculpin
 * Procottus jeittelesii — Red sculpin
 * Procottus major