List of space travelers by nationality



The criteria for determining who has achieved human spaceflight vary. The Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) defines spaceflight as any flight over 100 km, while in the United States, professional, military and commercial astronauts who travel above an altitude of 50 mi are awarded astronaut wings. The majority of people who have flown into space have done so by entering Earth orbit. This list includes people meeting all three criteria, in separate subdivisions.

The flags indicate the space traveler's nationality at the time of their flight. In cases of dual citizenship, the space traveler is listed under their primary residence. A secondary list appended to the entry for the Soviet Union shows the birth countries of space travelers not born in Russia. A similar list after the entry for the United States shows the birth countries of space travelers who were citizens of the US but were born elsewhere. Flags shown in the secondary lists are those in use at the time of the space travelers' birth.

Names in italic are space travelers who are not part of any national astronaut program or astronaut corps (Toyohiro Akiyama, Helen Sharman, the Space Adventures customers and the sub-orbital SpaceShipOne and Blue Origin pilots).

Statistics
, people from 47 countries have traveled in space. 644 have reached the altitude of space according to the FAI definition of the boundary of space, and 681 people have reached the altitude of space according to the USAF definition and 610 people have reached Earth orbit. 24 people have traveled beyond low Earth orbit and either circled, orbited, or walked on the Moon.

Of the 44 countries whose citizens have traveled into Earth orbit, 25 have flown a single space traveler, and four others (Belgium, Bulgaria, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom) have flown two each. 94% of all space travelers have been contributed by the following eight nations:

1 Includes 70 male and 2 female Soviet cosmonauts. 2 Includes both national space programme activity and European Space Agency participation. 3 Includes astronauts from the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic.

Suborbital space fliers
Fliers marked with an asterisk flew into the upper atmosphere between 80 and 100 km, which counts as space flight by United States guidelines. Those without flew above 100 km, which counts as a space flight by Fédération Aéronautique Internationale guidelines.

Antigua and Barbuda

 * Keisha Schahaff* — Galactic 02 (2023)
 * Anastatia Mayers* — Galactic 02 (2023)

Austria

 * Franz Haider* — Galactic 06 (2024)

Australia

 * Chris Boshuizen — Blue Origin NS-18 (2021)

Brazil

 * Victor Correa Hespanha — Blue Origin NS-21 (2022)

Canada

 * William Shatner — Blue Origin NS-18 (2021)
 * Jameel Janjua* — Galactic 07 (2024)

Egypt

 * Sara Sabry — Blue Origin NS-22 (2022)

France

 * Sylvain Chiron — Blue Origin NS-25 (2024)

India

 * Gopichand Thotakura, first space tourist from India. — Blue Origin NS-25 (2024)*

Italy

 * Nicola Pecile* — Galactic 01 (2023), Galactic 03 (2023), Galactic 06 (2024), Galactic 07 (2024)
 * Pantaleone Carlucci* — Galactic 01 (2023)
 * Walter Villadei* — Galactic 01 (2023); also orbited
 * Angelo Landolfi* — Galactic 01 (2023)
 * Ketty Maisonrouge* — Galactic 05 (2023)
 * Giorgio Manenti* — Galactic 07 (2024)

Pakistan

 * Namira Salim — Galactic 04 (2023)

Portugal

 * Mário Ferreira — Blue Origin NS-22 (2022)

South Africa

 * Timothy Nash* — Galactic 03 (2023)

The Netherlands

 * Oliver Daemen — Blue Origin NS-16 (2021)

Turkey

 * Tuva Cihangir Atasever* — Galactic 07 (2024)

Ukraine

 * Lina Borozdina* — Galactic 06 (2024)

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
The Soviet Union never launched a spaceflight intended as suborbital. The following people were launched aboard Soyuz 7K-T No.39 (also Soyuz 18a), which was intended as orbital, but aborted before reaching orbit.
 * Vasily Lazarev (1928–1990) — Soyuz 18a (1975); also orbited aboard Soyuz 12 (1973)
 * Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov (1933–2003) — Soyuz 18a (1975); also orbited aboard Soyuz 12 (1973), Soyuz 27 (1978), Soyuz 26 (1978) and Soyuz T-3 (1980)

United States

 * Alan Shepard, first American in space — Mercury-Redstone 3 (1961); also flew and orbited to as well as walked on the Moon aboard Apollo 14 (1971)
 * Robert Michael White* — X-15 Flight 62 (1962)
 * Joseph A. Walker, USAF X-15 astronaut — X-15 Flight 77 (1963, reached 80-100km), X-15 Flight 90 (1963) and X-15 Flight 91 (1963)
 * Robert A. Rushworth* — X-15 Flight 87 (1963)
 * Michael J. Adams* — X-15 Flight 3-65-97 (1967)
 * Gus Grissom — Mercury-Redstone 4 (1961); also orbited aboard Gemini 3 (1965)
 * Joe Engle* — X-15 Flights 138 (1965), 143 (1965), and 153 (1965); also orbited
 * John B. McKay* — X-15 Flight 150 (1965)
 * William H. Dana* — X-15 Flights 174 (1966) and 197 (1968)
 * William J. Knight* — X-15 Flight 190 (1967)
 * Mike Melvill — SpaceShipOne flight 15P (2004), SpaceShipOne flight 16P (2004).
 * Brian Binnie — SpaceShipOne flight 17P (2004)
 * Mark P. Stucky* — VSS Unity VP-03 (2018)
 * Frederick W. Sturckow* — VSS Unity VP-03 (2018), VSS Unity 21 (2021), VSS Unity 25 (2023) Galactic 02 (2023), Galactic 04 (2023), Galactic 06 (2024); also orbited
 * Michael Masucci* — VSS Unity VF-01 (2019), Virgin Galactic Unity 22 (2021), Virgin Galactic Unity 25 (2023), Galactic 01 (2023), Galactic 03 (2023), Galactic 05 (2023)
 * Beth Moses* — VSS Unity VF-01 (2019), Virgin Galactic Unity 22 (2021), VSS Unity 25 (2023) Galactic 02 (2023), Galactic 03 (2023), Galactic 04 (2023)
 * Sirisha Bandla* — Virgin Galactic Unity 22 (2021)
 * Jeff Bezos — Blue Origin NS-16 (2021)
 * Mark Bezos — Blue Origin NS-16 (2021)
 * Wally Funk — Blue Origin NS-16 (2021)
 * Audrey Powers — Blue Origin NS-18 (2021)
 * Glen de Vries — Blue Origin NS-18 (2021)
 * Laura Shepard Churchley — Blue Origin NS-19 (2021)
 * Michael Strahan — Blue Origin NS-19 (2021)
 * Dylan Taylor — Blue Origin NS-19 (2021)
 * Evan Dick — Blue Origin NS-19 (2021), Blue Origin NS-21 (2022)
 * Lane Bess — Blue Origin NS-19 (2021)
 * Cameron Bess — Blue Origin NS-19 (2021)
 * Marty Allen — Blue Origin NS-20 (2022)
 * Sharon Hagle — Blue Origin NS-20 (2022)
 * Marc Hagle — Blue Origin NS-20 (2022)
 * Jim Kitchen — Blue Origin NS-20 (2022)
 * George Nield — Blue Origin NS-20 (2022)
 * Gary Lai — Blue Origin NS-20 (2022)
 * Victor Vescovo — Blue Origin NS-21 (2022)
 * Jaison Robinson — Blue Origin NS-21 (2022)
 * Katya Echazarreta — Blue Origin NS-21 (2022)
 * Coby Cotton — Blue Origin NS-22 (2022)
 * Clint Kelly III — Blue Origin NS-22 (2022)
 * Steve Young — Blue Origin NS-22 (2022)
 * Christopher Huie* — Virgin Galactic Unity 25 (2023)
 * Jamila Gilbert* — Virgin Galactic Unity 25 (2023)
 * Luke Mays* — Virgin Galactic Unity 25 (2023)
 * Kelly Latimer* — Galactic 02 (2023), Galactic 04 (2023)
 * Ken Baxter* — Galactic 03 (2023)
 * Ron Rosano* — Galactic 04 (2023)
 * Alan Stern* — Galactic 05 (2023)
 * Kellie Gerardi* — Galactic 05 (2023)
 * Robie Vaughn* — Galactic 06 (2024)
 * Neil Kornswiet* — Galactic 06 (2024)
 * Carol Schaller — Blue Origin NS-25 (2024)
 * Mason Angel — Blue Origin NS-25 (2024)
 * Ed Dwight — Blue Origin NS-25, oldest person in space (2024)
 * Kenneth Hess — Blue Origin NS-25 (2024)
 * Andy Sadhwani* — Galactic 07 (2024)
 * Irving Pergament* — Galactic 07 (2024)

United Kingdom

 * David Mackay* — VSS Unity VF-01 (2019), VSS Unity 21 (2021), Virgin Galactic Unity 22 (2021)
 * Richard Branson* — Virgin Galactic Unity 22 (2021)
 * Hamish Harding — Blue Origin NS-21 (2022)
 * Vanessa O'Brien — Blue Origin NS-22 (2022)
 * Colin Bennett* — Virgin Galactic Unity 22 (2021), Galactic 01 (2023), Galactic 05 (2023)
 * Jon Goodwin* — Galactic 02 (2023)
 * Adrian Reynard* — Galactic 03 (2023)
 * Trevor Beattie* — Galactic 04 (2023)

Dual Citizens
Additionally, Hamish Harding was a dual national British and UAE and Vanessa O'Brien is a dual national American and British. Both chose to fly the British flag on their respective Blue Origin flights. But, Timothy Nash who is a dual national South African and British but flew under both flags. Similarly, Lina Borozdina flew under both Ukraine and US flags due to her dual citizenship.

Afghanistan

 * Abdul Ahad Mohmand (Intercosmos), first Afghan in space — Soyuz TM-6/5 (1988)

Australia

 * Andy Thomas – STS-77 (1996)
 * Paul Desmond Scully-Power, first Australian in space – STS-41-G (1984)

Belarus

 * Marina VasilevskayaPink Venus symbol.svg, first Belarusian in space. — Soyuz MS-25/MS-24 (2024)

Brazil

 * Marcos Pontes, first Brazilian in space, first lusophone in space, first professional astronaut officially representing a Southern Hemisphere country in space. — Soyuz TMA-8/Missão Centenário (2006)

Bulgaria

 * Georgi Ivanov (Intercosmos), first Bulgarian in space. — Soyuz 33 (1979)
 * Aleksandar Panayotov Aleksandrov (Intercosmos) — Soyuz TM-5/4 (1988)

Canada

 * Marc Garneau, first Canadian in space — STS-41-G (1984), STS-77 (1996), STS-97 (2000)
 * Roberta BondarPink Venus symbol.svg, first Canadian woman in space — STS-42 (1992)
 * Steven MacLean — STS-52 (1992), STS-115 (2006)
 * Chris Hadfield, first Canadian to walk in space — STS-74 (1995), STS-100 (2001), Soyuz TMA-07M (2012)
 * Robert Thirsk — STS-78 (1996), Soyuz TMA-15 (2009)
 * Bjarni Tryggvason, born in Iceland — STS-85 (1997)
 * Julie PayettePink Venus symbol.svg — STS-96 (1999), STS-127 (2009)
 * Dafydd Williams — STS-90 (1998), STS-118 (2007)
 * Guy Laliberté, space tourist — Soyuz TMA-16/14 (2009)
 * David Saint-Jacques – Soyuz MS-11 (2018)
 * Mark Pathy, Axiom Mission 1 (2022)

China

 * Yang Liwei, first Chinese national in space — Shenzhou 5 (2003)
 * Fei Junlong — Shenzhou 6 (2005), Shenzhou 15 (2022)
 * Nie Haisheng — Shenzhou 6 (2005), Shenzhou 10 (2013), Shenzhou 12 (2021)
 * Zhai Zhigang, first Chinese national to walk in space — Shenzhou 7 (2008), Shenzhou 13 (2021)
 * Liu Boming — Shenzhou 7 (2008), Shenzhou 12 (2021)
 * Jing Haipeng — Shenzhou 7 (2008), Shenzhou 9 (2012), Shenzhou 11 (2016), Shenzhou 16 (2023)
 * Liu Wang — Shenzhou 9 (2012)
 * Liu YangPink Venus symbol.svg, first Chinese woman in space — Shenzhou 9 (2012), Shenzhou 14 (2022)
 * Wang YapingPink Venus symbol.svg — Shenzhou 10 (2013), Shenzhou 13 (2021)
 * Zhang Xiaoguan — Shenzhou 10 (2013)
 * Chen Dong — Shenzhou 11 (2016), Shenzhou 14 (2022)
 * Tang Hongbo — Shenzhou 12 (2021), Shenzhou 17 (2023)
 * Ye Guangfu — Shenzhou 13 (2021), Shenzhou 18 (2024)
 * Cai Xuzhe — Shenzhou 14 (2022)
 * Deng Qingming — Shenzhou 15 (2022)
 * Zhang Lu — Shenzhou 15 (2022)
 * Zhu Yangzhu — Shenzhou 16 (2023)
 * Gui Haichao — Shenzhou 16 (2023)
 * Tang Shengjie — Shenzhou 17 (2023)
 * Jiang Xinlin — Shenzhou 17 (2023)
 * Li Cong — Shenzhou 18 (2024)
 * Li Guangsu — Shenzhou 18 (2024)

Cuba

 * Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez (Intercosmos), the first Cuban and the first person from a country in the Western Hemisphere other than the US to travel to space. He was also the first Hispanophone and first person of African ancestry in space. — Soyuz 38 (1980)

Czechoslovakia

 * Vladimír Remek (Intercosmos), first Czechoslovak and first non-Soviet European in space. — Soyuz 28 (1978)

European Space Agency members
Some of these astronauts participated in national space programme activity unrelated to their home country's contemporary or subsequent membership of the European Space Agency.

Austria

 * Franz Viehböck, first Austrian in space. — Soyuz TM-13/12 (1991)

Belgium

 * Dirk Frimout, first Belgian in space. — STS-45 (1992)
 * Frank De Winne, EAC — Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34 (2002), Soyuz TMA-15 (2009)

Denmark

 * Andreas Mogensen, EAC, first Dane in space. — Soyuz TMA-18M (2015)/16M (2015), SpaceX Crew-7 (2023)

France

 * Jean-Loup Chrétien, CNES (Intercosmos), first French person in space and first non-Soviet European to walk in space — Soyuz T-6 (1982), Soyuz TM-7/6 (1988), STS-86 (1997)
 * Patrick Baudry, second Frenchman in space, born in Douala, Cameroon — STS-51-G (1985)
 * Michel Tognini, EAC — Soyuz TM-15/14 (1992), STS-93 (1999)
 * Jean-Pierre Haigneré, EAC — Soyuz TM-17/16 (1993), Soyuz TM-29 (1999)
 * Jean-François Clervoy, EAC — STS-66 (1994), STS-84 (1997), STS-103 (1999)
 * Jean-Jacques Favier, born in Kehl, Germany — STS-78 (1996)
 * Claudie André-Deshays HaigneréPink Venus symbol.svg, EAC, first Frenchwoman in space (Mir, 1996) — Soyuz TM-24/23 (1996), Soyuz TM-33/32 (2001)
 * Léopold Eyharts, EAC — Soyuz TM-27/26 (1998), STS-122/123 (2008)
 * Philippe Perrin, EAC, born in Meknes, Morocco — STS-111 (2002)
 * Thomas Pesquet, EAC — Soyuz MS-03 (2016), SpaceX Crew-2 (2021)

Germany

 * Sigmund Jähn (Intercosmos), first German in space — Soyuz 31/29 (1978) (flew for East Germany)
 * Ulf Merbold, EAC — STS-9 (1983), STS-42 (1992), Soyuz TM-20/19 (1994) (flew for both West Germany and united Germany)
 * Ernst Messerschmid — STS-61-A (1985) (flew for West Germany)
 * Reinhard Furrer, born in Wörgl, Austria (1940–1995) — STS-61-A (1985) (flew for West Germany)
 * Klaus-Dietrich Flade — Soyuz TM-14/13 (1992)
 * Ulrich Walter — STS-55 (1993)
 * Hans Schlegel, EAC — STS-55 (1993), STS-122 (2008)
 * Reinhold Ewald, EAC — Soyuz TM-25/24 (1997)
 * Gerhard Thiele, EAC — STS-99 (2000)
 * Thomas Reiter, EAC, first German to walk in space and first ESA astronaut to stay on the ISS. — Soyuz TM-22 (1995), STS-121/116 (2006)
 * Alexander Gerst, EAC — Soyuz TMA-13M (2014), Soyuz MS-09 (2018)
 * Matthias Maurer, EAC — SpaceX Crew-3 (2021)

Italy

 * Franco Malerba, first Italian in space. — STS-46 (1992)
 * Maurizio Cheli, EAC — STS-75 (1996)
 * Umberto Guidoni, EAC — STS-75 (1996), STS-100 (2001)
 * Roberto Vittori, EAC — Soyuz TM-34/33 (2002), Soyuz TMA-6/5 (2005), STS-134 (2011)
 * Paolo A. Nespoli, EAC — STS-120 (2007), Soyuz TMA-20 (2010), Soyuz MS-05 (2017)
 * Luca Parmitano, EAC, first Italian to walk in space. — Soyuz TMA-09M (2013), Soyuz MS-13 (2019)
 * Samantha CristoforettiPink Venus symbol.svg, EAC, first Italian woman in space — Soyuz TMA-15M (2014), SpaceX Crew-4 (2022)
 * Walter Villadei — Axiom Mission 3 (2024)

Netherlands
Norway
 * Wubbo Ockels, EAC, first Dutchman in space. — STS-61-A (1985)
 * André Kuipers, EAC — Soyuz TMA-4/3 (2004), Soyuz TMA-03M (2011)

(Marcus Wandt, who went on Axiom Mission 3 in 2024, is listed under Sweden but also holds a Norwegian passport.)

Poland

 * Mirosław Hermaszewski (Intercosmos), first Pole in space. — Soyuz 30 (1978)

Romania

 * Dumitru Prunariu (Intercosmos), first Romanian in space. — Soyuz 40 (1981)

Spain

 * Pedro Duque, EAC, first Spaniard in space. — STS-95 (1998), Soyuz TMA-3/2 (2003)

Sweden
(Jessica Meir, who went on Soyuz MS-15 in 2019, is listed under United States but also holds a Swedish passport.)
 * Christer Fuglesang, EAC, first Swede in space. — STS-116 (2006), STS-128 (2009)
 * Marcus Wandt, EAC — Axiom Mission 3 (2024)

Switzerland

 * Claude Nicollier, EAC, first Swiss in space. — STS-46 (1992), STS-61 (1993), STS-75 (1996), STS-103 (1999)

United Kingdom

 * Helen SharmanPink Venus symbol.svg, Project Juno, first Briton in space. — Soyuz TM-12/11 (1991)
 * Tim Peake, EAC, first professional British astronaut in space. — Soyuz TMA-19M (2015)

Additionally, Michael Foale was born in England to a British father and American mother. He is a dual citizen of the United Kingdom and the United States, and was raised and educated in England. He flew as a member of NASA's Astronaut Corps with dual British American citizenship. Piers Sellers, Nicholas Patrick, Richard Garriott, Marcus Wandt and Mark Shuttleworth have dual nationalities.

Hungary

 * Bertalan Farkas (Intercosmos), first Hungarian in space. — Soyuz 36/35 (1980)

India

 * Rakesh Sharma (cosmonaut), first Indian national in space. — Soyuz T-11/10 (1984)

Israel

 * Ilan Ramon (1954–2003), first Israeli in space, died on the Columbia. — STS-107 (2003)
 * Eytan Stibbe, Axiom Mission 1 (2022)

Japan

 * Toyohiro Akiyama, first Japanese person in space, the first journalist in space, and the first civilian on a commercial space flight. — Soyuz TM-11/10 (1990)
 * Chiaki MukaiPink Venus symbol.svg, first Japanese woman in space. — STS-65 (1994), STS-95 (1998)
 * Koichi Wakata — STS-72 (1996), STS-92 (2000), STS-119/127 (2009), Soyuz TMA-11M (2013), SpaceX Crew-5 (2022)
 * Takao Doi, first Japanese man to walk in space. — STS-87 (1997), STS-123 (2008)
 * Mamoru Mohri — STS-47 (1992), STS-99 (2000)
 * Soichi Noguchi — STS-114 (2005), Soyuz TMA-17 (2009), SpaceX Crew-1 (2020)
 * Akihiko Hoshide — STS-124 (2008), Soyuz TMA-05M (2012), SpaceX Crew-2 (2021)
 * Naoko YamazakiPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-131 (2010)
 * Satoshi Furukawa — Soyuz TMA-01M (2011), SpaceX Crew-7 (2023)
 * Kimiya Yui — Soyuz TMA-17M (2015)
 * Takuya Onishi — Soyuz MS-01 (2016)
 * Norishige Kanai — Soyuz MS-07 (2017)
 * Yusaku Maezawa — Soyuz MS-20 (2021)
 * Yozo Hirano — Soyuz MS-20 (2021)

Kazakhstan

 * Aidyn Aimbetov — Soyuz TMA-18M/16M (2015)
 * Note: Kazakh cosmonauts Toktar Aubakirov and Talgat Musabayev flew under the Soviet and Russian flags.

Malaysia

 * Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, first Malaysian in space — Soyuz TMA-11/10 (2007)

Mexico

 * Rodolfo Neri Vela, first Mexican in space. — STS-61-B (1985)

Mongolia

 * Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa (Intercosmos), first Mongolian in space. — Soyuz 39 (1981)

Russia and the Soviet Union

 * The Soviet space program came under the control of the Russian Federation in December 1991; the new program, now called the Russian Federal Space Agency, retained continuity of equipment and personnel with the Soviet program. While all Soviet and RKA cosmonauts were born within the borders of the USSR, many were born outside the boundaries of Russia, and may be claimed by other Soviet successor states as nationals of those states. These cosmonauts are marked with an asterisk * and their place of birth is shown in an appended list. All, however, claimed Soviet or Russian citizenship at the time of their space flights.

A

 * Viktor Mikhaylovich Afanasyev — Soyuz TM-11 (1990), 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-18 (1994), Soyuz TM-29 (1999), Soyuz TM-33/32 (2001)
 * Vladimir Aksyonov — Soyuz 22 (1976), Soyuz T-2 (1980)
 * Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov — Soyuz T-9 (1983), Soyuz TM-3 (1987)
 * Oleg Artemyev* — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-12M, Soyuz MS-08, Soyuz MS-21
 * Anatoly Artsebarsky* — Soyuz TM-12 (1991)
 * Yuri Artyukhin (1930–1998) — Soyuz 14 (1974)
 * Oleg Atkov — Soyuz T-10/11 (1984)
 * Toktar Aubakirov* — Soyuz TM-13/12 (1991)
 * Sergei Avdeyev — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-15 (1992), Soyuz TM-22 (1995)

B

 * Aleksandr Balandin — Soyuz TM-9 (1990)
 * Yuri Baturin, first Russian politician in space. — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-28/27 (1998), Soyuz TM-32/31 (2001)
 * Pavel Belyayev (1925–1970) — Voskhod 2 (1965)
 * Georgi Beregovoi* (1921–1995) — Soyuz 3 (1968)
 * Anatoly Berezovoy (1942–2014) — Soyuz T-5/7 (1982)
 * Andrei Borisenko — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-21 (2011), Soyuz MS-02 (2016)
 * Konstantin Borisov — 🇷🇺 SpaceX Crew-7 (2023)
 * Nikolai Budarin — 🇷🇺 STS-71/Soyuz TM-21 (1995), Soyuz TM-27 (1998), STS-113/Soyuz TMA-1 (2002)
 * Valery Bykovsky — Vostok 5 (1963), Soyuz 22 (1976), Soyuz 31/29 (1978)

C

 * Nikolai Chub — 🇷🇺 Soyuz MS-24/MS-25 (2023)

D

 * Vladimir N. Dezhurov — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-21/STS-71 (1995)
 * Georgi Dobrovolski* (1928–1971), died on reentry. — Soyuz 11 (1971)
 * Pyotr Dubrov — 🇷🇺 Soyuz MS-18/Soyuz MS-19 (2021–22)
 * Lev Dyomin (1926–1998) — Soyuz 15 (1974)
 * Vladimir Dzhanibekov* — Soyuz 27/26 (1978), Soyuz 39 (1981), Soyuz T-6 (1982), Soyuz T-12 (1984), Soyuz T-13 (1985)

F

 * Andrey Fedyaev — 🇷🇺 SpaceX Crew-6 (2023)
 * Konstantin Feoktistov (1926–2009) — Voskhod 1 (1964)
 * Anatoly Filipchenko — Soyuz 7 (1969), Soyuz 16 (1974)

G

 * Yuri Gagarin (1934–1968), first person in space. — Vostok 1 (1961)
 * Yuri Gidzenko* — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-22 (1995), Soyuz TM-31/STS-102 (2001), Soyuz TM-34/Soyuz TM-33 (2002)
 * Yuri Glazkov (1939–2008) — Soyuz 24 (1977)
 * Viktor Gorbatko — Soyuz 7 (1969), Soyuz 24 (1977), Soyuz 37/36 (1980)
 * Alexander Grebenkin — 🇷🇺 SpaceX Crew-8 (2024)
 * Georgi Grechko — Soyuz 17 (1975), Soyuz 26/27 (1977), Soyuz T-14/13 (1985)
 * Aleksei Gubarev — Soyuz 17 (1975), Soyuz 28 (1978)

I

 * Aleksandr Ivanchenkov — Soyuz 29/31 (1978)
 * Anatoli Ivanishin — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-22 (2011), Soyuz MS-01 (2016)

K

 * Aleksandr Kaleri* — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-14 (1992), Soyuz TM-24 (1996), Soyuz TM-30 (2000), Soyuz TMA-3 (2003), Soyuz TMA-01M (2010)
 * Yevgeny Khrunov (1933–2000) — Soyuz 5/4 (1969)
 * 🇷🇺 Anna Kikina[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — SpaceX Crew-5 (2022)
 * Leonid Kizim* (1941–2010) — Soyuz T-3 (1980), Soyuz T-10/11 (1984), Soyuz T-15 (1986)
 * Pyotr Klimuk* — Soyuz 13 (1973), Soyuz 18 (1975), Soyuz 30 (1978)
 * Vladimir Komarov (1927–1967), died during reentry of first Soyuz spacecraft. — Voskhod 1 (1964), Soyuz 1 (1967)
 * Yelena V. KondakovaPink Venus symbol.svg — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-20 (1994), STS-84 (1997)
 * Dmitri Kondratyev — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-20 (2010)
 * Oleg Kononenko* — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-12 (2008), Soyuz TMA-03M (2011), Soyuz TMA-17M (2015), Soyuz MS-11 (2018), Soyuz MS-24/Soyuz MS-25 (2023)
 * Mikhail Korniyenko — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-18 (2010), Soyuz TMA-16M (2015)
 * Sergey Korsakov* — 🇷🇺 Soyuz MS-21 (2022)
 * Valery Korzun — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-24 (1996), STS-111/113 (2002)
 * Oleg Kotov* — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-10 (2007), Soyuz TMA-17 (2009), Soyuz TMA-10M (2013)
 * Vladimir Kovalyonok* — Soyuz 25 (1977), Soyuz 29/31 (1978), Soyuz T-4 (1981)
 * Konstantin Kozeyev — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-33/32 (2001)
 * Sergei Krikalev, six space flights and, as of 2006, holds record for longest total time in space: 803 days, 9 hours and 39 minutes. — Soyuz TM-7 (1988), 🇷🇺Soyuz TM-12/13 (1991), 🇷🇺 STS-60 (1994), STS-88 (1998), Soyuz TM-31/STS-102 (2000), Soyuz TMA-6 (2005)
 * Sergey Kud-Sverchkov — 🇷🇺 Soyuz MS-16 (2020)
 * Valeri Kubasov — Soyuz 6 (1969), Soyuz 19 (1975), Soyuz 36/35 (1980)

L

 * Aleksandr Laveykin — Soyuz TM-2 (1987)
 * Vasili Lazarev (1928–1990) — Soyuz 12 (1973), Soyuz 18a (1975)
 * Aleksandr Lazutkin — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-25 (1997)
 * Valentin Lebedev — Soyuz 13 (1973), Soyuz T-5/7 (1982)
 * Alexsei Leonov, first person to "walk in space" (to make an EVA). — Voskhod 2 (1965), Soyuz 19 (1975)
 * Anatoli Levchenko* (1941–1988) — Soyuz TM-4/3 (1987)
 * Yuri Lonchakov* — 🇷🇺 STS-100 (2001), Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34 (2002), Soyuz TMA-13 (2008)
 * Vladimir Lyakhov* — Soyuz 32/34 (1979), Soyuz T-9 (1983), Soyuz TM-6/5 (1988)

M

 * Oleg Makarov (1933–2003) — Soyuz 12 (1973), Soyuz 18a (1975), Soyuz 27/26 (1978), Soyuz T-3 (1980)
 * Yuri Malenchenko* — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-19 (1994), STS-106 (2000), Soyuz TMA-1 (2003), Soyuz TMA-11 (2007), Soyuz TMA-05M (2012), Soyuz TMA-19M (2015)
 * Yury Malyshev (1941–1999) — Soyuz T-2 (1980), Soyuz T-11/10 (1984)
 * Gennadi Manakov — Soyuz TM-10 (1990), 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-16 (1993)
 * Musa Manarov* — Soyuz TM-4/6 (1987), Soyuz TM-11 (1990)
 * Denis Matveev — 🇷🇺 Soyuz MS-21 (2022)
 * Alexander Misurkin — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-08M (2013), Soyuz MS-06 (2017), Soyuz MS-20 (2021)
 * Boris Morukov (1950–2015) — 🇷🇺 STS-106 (2000)
 * Talgat Musabayev* — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-19 (1994), Soyuz TM-27 (1998), Soyuz TM-32/31 (2001)

N

 * Andriyan Nikolayev (1929–2004), first astronaut of Chuvash descent — Vostok 3 (1962), Soyuz 9 (1970)
 * Oleg Novitski* — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-06M (2012), Soyuz MS-03 (2016), Soyuz MS-18 (2021), Soyuz MS-25/MS-24 (2024)

O

 * Yuri Onufrienko* — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-23 (1996), STS-108/111 (2001)
 * Aleksei Ovchinin — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-20M (2016)

P

 * Gennady Padalka — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-28 (1998), Soyuz TMA-4 (2004), Soyuz TMA-14 (2009), Soyuz TMA-04M (2012), Soyuz TMA-16M (2015)
 * Viktor Patsayev* (1933–1971), died in reentry. — Soyuz 11 (1971)
 * Yulia Peresild — 🇷🇺 Soyuz MS-19 (2021)
 * 🇷🇺 Dmitry Petelin — Soyuz MS-22 (2022)
 * Aleksandr Poleshchuk — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-16 (1993)
 * Valeri Polyakov, holds record for single longest spaceflight, 437 days — Soyuz TM-6/7 (1988), 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-18/20 (1994)
 * Leonid Popov* — Soyuz 35/37 (1980), Soyuz 40 (1981), Soyuz T-7/5 (1982)
 * Pavel Popovich* (1930–2009) — Vostok 4 (1962), Soyuz 14 (1974)
 * Sergey Prokopyev — 🇷🇺 Soyuz MS-09 (2018), Soyuz MS-22 (2022)

R

 * Sergei Revin — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-04M (2012)
 * Roman Romanenko — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-15 (2009), Soyuz TMA-07M (2012)
 * Yuri Romanenko — Soyuz 26/27 (1977), Soyuz 38 (1980), Soyuz TM-2/3 (1987)
 * Valery Rozhdestvensky — Soyuz 23 (1976)
 * Nikolai Rukavishnikov (1932–2002) — Soyuz 10 (1971), Soyuz 16 (1974), Soyuz 33 (1979)
 * Sergei Ryazanski — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-10M (2013), Soyuz MS-05 (2017)
 * Valery Ryumin — Soyuz 25 (1977), Soyuz 32/34 (1979), Soyuz 35/37 (1980), 🇷🇺 STS-91 (1998)
 * Sergei Ryzhikov — 🇷🇺 Soyuz MS-02 (2016), Soyuz MS-16 (2020)

S

 * Aleksandr Samokutyayev — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-21 (2011), Soyuz TMA-14M (2014)
 * Gennadi Sarafanov (1942–2005) — Soyuz 15 (1974)
 * Viktor Savinykh — Soyuz T-4 (1981), Soyuz T-13/14 (1985)
 * Svetlana SavitskayaPink Venus symbol.svg, first woman to walk in space. — Soyuz T-7/5 (1982), Soyuz T-12 (1984)
 * Aleksandr Serebrov (1944–2013) — Soyuz T-7/5 (1982), Soyuz T-8 (1983), Soyuz TM-8 (1989), 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-17 (1993)
 * Yelena SerovaPink Venus symbol.svg — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-14M (2014)
 * Vitali Sevastyanov (1935–2010) — Soyuz 9 (1970), Soyuz 18 (1975)
 * Yuri Shargin, first Russian military cosmonaut — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-5/4 (2004)
 * Salizhan Sharipov* — 🇷🇺 STS-89 (1998), Soyuz TMA-5 (2004)
 * Vladimir Shatalov* — Soyuz 4 (1969), Soyuz 8 (1969), Soyuz 10 (1971)
 * Klim Shipenko — 🇷🇺 Soyuz MS-19 (2021)
 * Anton Shkaplerov — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-22 (2011), Soyuz TMA-15M (2014) & Soyuz MS-19 (2021)
 * Georgi Shonin* (1935–1997) — Soyuz 6 (1969)
 * Oleg Skripochka — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-01M (2010), Soyuz TMA-20M (2016)
 * Aleksandr Skvortsov — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-18 (2010)
 * Anatoly Solovyev* — Soyuz TM-5/4 (1988), Soyuz TM-9 (1990), 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-15 (1992), STS-71/Soyuz TM-21 (1995), Soyuz TM-26 (1997)
 * Vladimir Solovyov — Soyuz T-10/11 (1984), Soyuz T-15 (1986)
 * Gennadi Strekalov (1940–2004) — Soyuz T-3 (1980), Soyuz T-8 (1983), Soyuz T-11/10 (1984), Soyuz TM-10 (1990), 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-21/STS-71 (1995)
 * Maksim Surayev — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-16 (2009), Soyuz TMA-13M (2014)

T

 * Yevgeni Tarelkin — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-06M (2012)
 * Valentina TereshkovaPink Venus symbol.svg, first woman in space. — Vostok 6 (1963)
 * Gherman Titov (1935–2000), the second person to make a space flight and the first to stay up for a day. — Vostok 2 (1961)
 * Vladimir Titov — Soyuz T-8 (1983), Soyuz TM-4/6 (1987), 🇷🇺 STS-63 (1995), STS-86 (1997)
 * Valeri Tokarev — 🇷🇺 STS-96 (1999), Soyuz TMA-7 (2005)
 * Sergei Treshchov — 🇷🇺 STS-111/113 (2002)
 * Vasili Tsibliyev* — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-17 (1993), Soyuz TM-25 (1997)
 * Mikhail Tyurin — 🇷🇺 STS-105/108 (2001), Soyuz TMA-9 (2006), Soyuz TMA-11M (2013)

U

 * Yuri Usachov — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-18 (1994), Soyuz TM-23 (1996), STS-101 (2000), STS-102/STS-105 (2001)

V

 * Vladimir Vasyutin* (1952–2002) — Soyuz T-14 (1985)
 * Ivan Vagner 🇷🇺 Soyuz MS-16 (2020)
 * Aleksandr Viktorenko* — Soyuz TM-3/2 (1987), Soyuz TM-8 (1989), 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-14 (1992), Soyuz TM-20 (1994)
 * Pavel Vinogradov — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-26 (1997), Soyuz TMA-8 (2006), Soyuz TMA-08M (2013)
 * Igor Volk* (1937–2017) — Soyuz T-12 (1984)
 * Alexander Volkov* — Soyuz T-14 (1985), Soyuz TM-7 (1988), /🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-13 (1991)
 * Sergey Aleksandrovich Volkov* — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TMA-12 (2008), Soyuz TMA-01M (2011), Soyuz TMA-18M (2015)
 * Vladislav Volkov (1935–1971), died on reentry. — Soyuz 7 (1969), Soyuz 11 (1971)
 * Boris Volynov — Soyuz 5 (1969), Soyuz 21 (1976)

Y

 * Boris Yegorov (1937–1994) — Voskhod 1 (1964)
 * Aleksei Yeliseyev — Soyuz 5/4 (1969), Soyuz 8 (1969), Soyuz 10 (1971)
 * Fyodor Yurchikhin* — 🇷🇺 STS-112 (2002), Soyuz TMA-10 (2007), Soyuz TMA-19 (2010), Soyuz TMA-09M (2013), Soyuz MS-04 (2017)

Z

 * Sergei Zalyotin — 🇷🇺 Soyuz TM-30 (2000), Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34 (2002)
 * Vitali Zholobov* — Soyuz 21 (1976)
 * Vyacheslav Zudov — Soyuz 23 (1976)

Soviet and Russian cosmonauts born outside Russia
All of the locations below were part of the former USSR at the time of the cosmonauts' birth.

Azerbaijan SSR / Azerbaijan

 * Musa Manarov, born in Baku

Byelorussian SSR / Belarus

 * Pyotr Klimuk, born in Komarovka
 * Vladimir Kovalyonok, born in Beloye
 * Oleg Novitski, born in Chervyen' 🇷🇺

Georgian SSR / Georgia

 * Fyodor Yurchikhin, born in Batumi 🇷🇺

Kazakh SSR / Kazakhstan

 * Toktar Aubakirov, born in Karaganda
 * Yuri Lonchakov, born in Balkhash 🇷🇺
 * Talgat Musabayev, born in Kargaly 🇷🇺
 * Viktor Patsayev, born in Aktyubinsk
 * Dmitry Petelin — born in Kostanay 🇷🇺
 * Vladimir Shatalov, born in Petropavlovsk
 * Aleksandr Viktorenko, born in Olginka 🇷🇺

Kirghiz SSR / Kyrgyzstan

 * Salizhan Sharipov, born in Uzgen 🇷🇺
 * Sergey Korsakov, born in Frunze 🇷🇺

Latvian SSR / Latvia

 * Aleksandr Kaleri, born in Jūrmala 🇷🇺
 * Anatoly Solovyev, born in Riga 🇷🇺
 * Oleg Artemyev, born in Riga 🇷🇺

Turkmen SSR / Turkmenistan

 * Oleg Kononenko, born in Chardzhou 🇷🇺

Ukrainian SSR / Ukraine

 * Anatoly Artsebarsky, born in Prosyana
 * Georgi Beregovoi, born in Federivka
 * Georgiy Dobrovolskiy, born in Odesa
 * Yuri Gidzenko, born in Yelanets 🇺🇦
 * Leonid Kizim, born in Krasnyi Lyman
 * Oleg Kotov, born in Simferopol 🇺🇦
 * Anatoli Levchenko, born in Krasnokutsk
 * Vladimir Lyakhov, born in Antratsyt
 * Yuri Malenchenko, born in Svitlovodsk 🇺🇦
 * Yuri Onufriyenko, born in Riasne 🇺🇦
 * Leonid Popov, born in Oleksandriia
 * Pavel Popovich, born in Uzyn
 * Georgi Shonin, born in Rovenky
 * Vasili Tsibliyev, born in Horikhivka 🇺🇦
 * Vladimir Vasyutin, born in Kharkiv
 * Igor Volk, born in Zmiiv
 * Aleksandr Volkov, born in Horlivka 🇺🇦
 * Sergei Aleksandrovich Volkov, born in Chuhuiv 🇺🇦
 * Vitali Zholobov, born in Zburyivka

Uzbek SSR / Uzbekistan

 * Vladimir Dzhanibekov, born in Iskandar

Saudi Arabia

 * Sultan Salman Al Saud, first Saudi in space. — STS-51-G (1985)
 * Ali AlQarni — Axiom Mission 2 (2023)
 * Rayyanah BarnawiPink Venus symbol.svg — Axiom Mission 2 (2023)

Slovakia

 * Ivan Bella, first Slovak in space. — Soyuz TM-29/28 (1999)

South Africa

 * Mark Shuttleworth, second "space tourist" and first South African in space. — Soyuz TM-34/33 (2002)

South Korea

 * Yi So-yeonPink Venus symbol.svg, Spaceflight participant, first South Korean in space — Soyuz TMA-12/11 (2008)

Syria

 * Muhammed Faris (Intercosmos), first Syrian in space. — Soyuz TM-3/2 (1987)

Turkey

 * Alper Gezeravcı, first Turk in space. — Axiom Mission 3 (2024)

Ukraine

 * Leonid Kadeniuk, first Ukrainian in space since independence. — STS-87 (1997)
 * Note: Ukrainian cosmonauts Anatoly Artsebarsky, Georgi Beregovoi, Georgiy Dobrovolskiy, Leonid Kizim, Anatoli Levchenko, Vladimir Lyakhov, Leonid Popov, Pavel Popovich, Georgi Shonin, Vladimir Vasyutin, Igor Volk and Vitali Zholobov flew under the Soviet flag; Ukrainian astronaut born in the United States Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper flew under the American flag

United Arab Emirates

 * Hazza Al Mansouri, first Emirati in space. - Soyuz MS-15/MS-12 (2019)
 * Sultan Al Neyadi, first long duration Emirati in space. - SpaceX Crew-6 (2023)

United States

 * * Asterisked space travelers were born outside the United States

A

 * Joseph M. Acaba — STS-119 (2009), Soyuz TMA-04M (2012)
 * Loren Acton — STS-51-F (1985)
 * James C. Adamson — STS-28 (1989), STS-43 (1991)
 * Thomas Akers — STS-41 (1990), STS-49 (1992), STS-61 (1993), STS-79 (1996)
 * Buzz Aldrin, the second person to walk on the Moon — Gemini 12 (1966), Apollo 11 (1969)
 * Andrew M. Allen — STS-46 (1992), STS-62 (1994), STS-75 (1996)
 * Joseph P. Allen — STS-5 (1982), STS-51-A (1984)
 * Scott Altman — STS-90 (1998), STS-106 (2000), STS-109 (2002), STS-125 (2009)
 * William Anders* — Apollo 8 (1968)
 * Clayton Anderson — STS-117/120 (2007), STS-131 (2010)
 * Michael P. Anderson (1959–2003), died on the Columbia — STS-89 (1998), STS-107 (2003)
 * Anousheh AnsariPink Venus symbol.svg*, fourth space tourist and first female space tourist — Soyuz TMA-9/8 (2006)
 * Dominic A. Antonelli — STS-119 (2009), STS-132 (2010)
 * Jerome Apt — STS-37 (1991), STS-47 (1992), STS-59 (1994), STS-79 (1996)
 * Hayley ArceneauxPink Venus symbol.svg - Inspiration4 (2021)
 * Lee Archambault — STS-117 (2007), STS-119 (2009)
 * Neil Armstrong (1930–2012), first person to walk on the Moon — Gemini 8 (1966), Apollo 11 (1969)
 * Richard R. Arnold — STS-119 (2009), Soyuz MS-08 (2018)
 * Jeffrey Ashby — STS-93 (1999), STS-100 (2001), STS-112 (2002)
 * Serena Auñón-ChancellorPink Venus symbol.svg - Soyuz MS-09 (2018)

B

 * James P. Bagian, first person of Armenian descent to have been in space — STS-29 (1989), STS-40 (1991)
 * Ellen S. BakerPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-34 (1989), STS-50 (1992), STS-71 (1995)
 * Michael A. Baker — STS-43 (1991), STS-52 (1992), STS-68 (1994), STS-81 (1997)
 * Michael R. Barratt — Soyuz TMA-14 (2009), STS-133 (2011), SpaceX Crew-8 (2024)
 * Kayla BarronPink Venus symbol.svg — SpaceX Crew-3 (2021)
 * Daniel T. Barry — STS-72 (1996), STS-96 (1999), STS-105 (2001)
 * John-David F. Bartoe — STS-51-F (1985)
 * Alan Bean — Apollo 12 (1969), Skylab 3 (1973)
 * Robert L. Behnken — STS-123 (2008), STS-130 (2010), Crew Dragon Demo-2 (2020)
 * John E. Blaha — STS-29 (1989), STS-33 (1989), STS-43 (1991), STS-58 (1993), STS-79 /81 (1996)
 * Michael J. Bloomfield — STS-86, STS-97 (2000), STS-110 (2002)
 * Guion Bluford, first African-American in space — STS-8 (1983), STS-61-A (1985), STS-39 (1991), STS-53 (1992)
 * Karol J. Bobko, first graduate of the United States Air Force Academy to become an astronaut — STS-6 (1983), STS-51-D (1985), STS-51-J (1985)
 * Eric A. Boe — STS-126 (2008), STS-133 (2011)
 * Charles Bolden — STS-61-C (1985), STS-31 (1990), STS-45 (1992), STS-60 (1994)
 * Frank Borman, commanded the first spaceflight to orbit the Moon — Gemini 7 (1965), Apollo 8 (1968)
 * Stephen G. Bowen — STS-126 (2008), STS-132 (2010), STS-133 (2011), SpaceX Crew-6 (2023)
 * Ken Bowersox — STS-50 (1992), STS-61 (1993), STS-73 (1995), STS-82 (1997), STS-113/Soyuz TMA-1 (2002)
 * Charles E. Brady, Jr. (1951–2006) — STS-78 (1996)
 * Vance D. Brand — Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, STS-5 (1982), STS-41-B (1984), STS-35 (1990)
 * Daniel Brandenstein — STS-8 (1983), STS-51-G (1985), STS-32 (1990), STS-49 (1992)
 * Randolph Bresnik — STS-129 (2009), Soyuz MS-05 (2017)
 * Roy D. Bridges, Jr. — STS-51-F (1985)
 * Curtis Brown — STS-47 (1992), STS-66 (1994), STS-77 (1996), STS-85 (1997), STS-95 (1998), STS-103 (1999)
 * David McDowell Brown (1956–2003), died on the Columbia — STS-107 (2003)
 * Mark N. Brown — STS-28 (1989), STS-48 (1991)
 * James Buchli — STS-51-C (1985), STS-61-A (1985), STS-29 (1989), STS-48 (1991)
 * Jay C. Buckey — STS-90 (1998)
 * Daniel C. Burbank — STS-106 (2000), STS-115 (2006), Soyuz TMA-22 (2011)
 * Daniel W. Bursch — STS-51 (1993), STS-68 (1994), STS-77 (1996), STS-108 (2001), STS-111 (2002)

C

 * Robert D. Cabana — STS-41 (1990), STS-53 (1992), STS-65 (1994), STS-88 (1998)
 * Charles Camarda — STS-114 (2005)
 * Kenneth D. Cameron — STS-37 (1991), STS-56 (1993), STS-74 (1995)
 * Duane G. Carey — STS-109 (2002)
 * Scott Carpenter (1925–2013) — Mercury 7 (1962)
 * Gerald P. Carr — Skylab 4 (1973)
 * Sonny Carter (1947–1991) — STS-33 (1989)
 * John Casper — STS-36 (1990), STS-54 (1993), STS-62 (1994), STS-77 (1996)
 * Josh A. Cassada — SpaceX Crew-5 (2022)
 * Christopher Cassidy — STS-127 (2009), Soyuz MS-16 (2020)
 * Robert J. Cenker — STS-61-C (1985)
 * Gene Cernan (1934–2017) — Gemini 9A (1966), Apollo 10 (1969), Apollo 17 (1972)
 * Gregory Chamitoff* — STS-124/126 (2008), STS-134 (2011)
 * Franklin Chang-Diaz* — STS-61-C (1985), STS-34 (1989), STS-46 (1992), STS-60 (1994), STS-75 (1996), STS-91 (1998), STS-111 (2002)
 * Raja Chari — SpaceX Crew-3 (2021)
 * Kalpana ChawlaPink Venus symbol.svg* (1961–2003), died on the Columbia — STS-87 (1997), STS-107 (2003)
 * Leroy Chiao — STS-65 (1994), STS-72 (1996), STS-92 (2000), Soyuz TMA-5 (2004)
 * Kevin P. Chilton — STS-49 (1992), STS-59 (1994), STS-76 (1996)
 * Laurel ClarkPink Venus symbol.svg (1961–2003), died on the Columbia — STS-107 (2003)
 * Mary L. CleavePink Venus symbol.svg — STS-61-B (1985), STS-30 (1989)
 * Michael R. Clifford — STS-53 (1992), STS-59 (1994), STS-76 (1996)
 * Michael Coats — STS-41-D (1984), STS-29 (1989), STS-39 (1991)
 * Kenneth Cockrell — STS-56 (1993), STS-69 (1995), STS-80 (1996), STS-98 (2001), STS-111 (2002)
 * Catherine ColemanPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-73 (1995), STS-93 (1999), Soyuz TMA-20 (2010)
 * Eileen CollinsPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-63 (1995), STS-84 (1997), STS-93 (1999), STS-114 (2005)
 * Michael Collins* (1930–2021) — Gemini 10 (1966), Apollo 11 (1969)
 * Larry Connor, Axiom Mission 1 (2022)
 * Pete Conrad (1930–1999) — Gemini 5 (1965), Gemini 11 (1966), Apollo 12 (1969), Skylab 2 (1973)
 * Gordon Cooper (1927–2004), the first American to fly in space for a day and first person to go into orbit twice — Mercury 9 (1963), Gemini 5 (1965)
 * Richard O. Covey — STS-51-I (1985), STS-26 (1988), STS-38 (1990), STS-61 (1993)
 * Timothy Creamer — Soyuz TMA-17 (2009)
 * John Oliver Creighton — STS-51-G (1985), STS-36 (1990), STS-48 (1991)
 * Robert Crippen, flew on first Space Shuttle mission — STS-1 (1981), STS-7 (1983), STS-41-C (1984), STS-41-G (1984)
 * Roger K. Crouch — STS-83 (1997), STS-94 (1997)
 * Frank L. Culbertson, Jr. — STS-38 (1990), STS-51 (1993), STS-105/108 (2001)
 * Walter Cunningham — Apollo 7 (1968)
 * Robert Curbeam — STS-85 (1997), STS-98 (2001), STS-116 (2006)
 * Nancy CurriePink Venus symbol.svg — STS-57 (1993), STS-70 (1995), STS-88 (1998), STS-109 (2002)

D

 * Jan DavisPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-47 (1992), STS-60 (1994), STS-85 (1997)
 * Lawrence J. DeLucas — STS-50 (1992)
 * Matthew Dominick — SpaceX Crew-8
 * B. Alvin Drew — STS-118 (2007), STS-133 (2011)
 * Brian Duffy — STS-45 (1992), STS-57 (1993), STS-72 (1996), STS-92 (2000)
 * Charles Moss Duke, Jr. — Apollo 16 (1972)
 * Bonnie J. DunbarPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-61-A (1985), STS-32 (1990), STS-50 (1992), STS-71 (1995), STS-89 (1998)
 * Samuel T. Durrance — STS-35 (1990), STS-67 (1995)
 * James Dutton — STS-131 (2010)
 * Tracy Caldwell DysonPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-118 (2007), Soyuz TMA-18 (2010), Soyuz MS-25 (2024)

E

 * Joe F. Edwards, Jr. — STS-89 (1998)
 * Donn F. Eisele (1930–1987) — Apollo 7 (1968)
 * Anthony W. England — STS-51-F (1985)
 * Joseph Henry Engle (1932–2024) — STS-2 (1981), STS-51-I (1985)
 * Jeanette J. Epps[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — SpaceX Crew-8 (2024)
 * Ronald Evans (1933–1990) — Apollo 17 (1972)

F

 * John M. Fabian — STS-7 (1983), STS-51-G (1985)
 * Christopher Ferguson — STS-115 (2006), STS-126 (2008), STS-135 (2011)
 * Martin J. Fettman — STS-58 (1993)
 * Andrew J. Feustel — STS-125 (2009), STS-134 (2011) & Soyuz MS-08 (2018)
 * Michael Fincke — Soyuz TMA-4 (2004), Soyuz TMA-13 (2008), STS-134 (2011)
 * Jack D. Fischer — Soyuz MS-04 (2017)
 * Anna Lee FisherPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-51-A (1984)
 * William Frederick Fisher — STS-51-I (1985)
 * Michael Foale* — STS-45 (1992), STS-56 (1993), STS-63 (1995), STS-84/86 (1997), STS-103 (1999), Soyuz TMA-3 (2003)
 * Kevin A. Ford — STS-128 (2009), Soyuz TMA-06M (2012)
 * Michael Foreman — STS-123 (2008), STS-129 (2009)
 * Patrick G. Forrester — STS-105 (2001), STS-117 (2007), STS-128 (2009)
 * Michael E. Fossum — STS-121 (2006), STS-124 (2008), Soyuz TMA-01M (2011)
 * Stephen Frick — STS-110 (2002), STS-122 (2008)
 * C. Gordon Fullerton (1936–2013) — STS-3 (1982), STS-51-F (1985)

G

 * F. Drew Gaffney — STS-40 (1991)
 * Ronald J. Garan, Jr. — STS-124 (2008), Soyuz TMA-21 (2011)
 * Dale Gardner — STS-8 (1983), STS-51-A (1984)
 * Guy Gardner — STS-27 (1988), STS-35 (1990)
 * Jake Garn, U. S. Senator at time of flight, first politician in space — STS-51-D (1985)
 * Owen K. Garriott — Skylab 3 (1973), STS-9 (1983)
 * Richard Garriott*, space tourist — Soyuz TMA-13 /12 (2008)
 * Charles D. Gemar — STS-38 (1990), STS-48 (1991), STS-62 (1994)
 * Michael L. Gernhardt — STS-69 (1995), STS-83 (1997), STS-94 (1997), STS-104 (2001)
 * Edward Gibson — Skylab 4 (1973)
 * Robert L. Gibson — STS-41-B (1984), STS-61-C (1985), STS-27 (1988), STS-47 (1992), STS-71 (1995)
 * John Glenn (1921–2016), first American in Earth orbit and US Senator — Mercury 6 (1962), STS-95 (1998)
 * Victor J. Glover — SpaceX Crew-1 (2020)
 * Linda M. GodwinPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-37 (1991), STS-59 (1994), STS-76 (1996), STS-108 (2001)
 * Michael T. Good — STS-125 (2009), STS-132 (2010)
 * Richard F. Gordon, Jr. — Gemini 11 (1966), Apollo 12 (1969)
 * Dominic L. Pudwill Gorie — STS-91 (1998), STS-99 (2000), STS-108 (2001), STS-123 (2008)
 * Ronald J. Grabe — STS-51-J (1985), STS-30 (1989), STS-42 (1992), STS-57 (1993)
 * Frederick D. Gregory — STS-51-B (1985), STS-33 (1989), STS-44 (1991)
 * William G. Gregory — STS-67 (1995)
 * S. David Griggs (1939–1989) — STS-51-D (1985)
 * Gus Grissom (1926–1967) First person to go into space twice. — Gemini 3 (1965). Also flew suborbitally in Mercury 4 (1961). Died in the Apollo 1 (1967) (1967) launchpad fire
 * John M. Grunsfeld — STS-67 (1995), STS-81 (1997), STS-103 (1999), STS-109 (2002), STS-125 (2009)
 * Sidney M. Gutierrez — STS-40 (1991), STS-59 (1994)

H

 * Fred Haise — Apollo 13 (1970)
 * James D. Halsell — STS-65 (1994), STS-74 (1995), STS-83 (1997), STS-94 (1997), STS-101 (2000)
 * Kenneth Ham — STS-124 (2008), STS-132 (2010)
 * L. Blaine Hammond — STS-39 (1991), STS-64 (1994)
 * Gregory J. Harbaugh — STS-39 (1991), STS-54 (1993), STS-71 (1995), STS-82 (1997)
 * Bernard A. Harris, Jr., first African-American to walk in space. — STS-55 (1993), STS-63 (1995)
 * Terry Hart — STS-41-C (1984)
 * Henry Hartsfield — STS-4 (1982), STS-41-D (1984), STS-61-A (1985)
 * Frederick Hauck — STS-7 (1983), STS-51-A (1984), STS-26 (1988)
 * Steven Hawley — STS-41-D (1984), STS-61-C (1985), STS-31 (1990), STS-82 (1997), STS-93 (1999)
 * Mark T. Vande Hei — Soyuz MS-06 (2017), Soyuz MS-18 (2021)
 * Susan J. HelmsPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-54 (1993), STS-64 (1994), STS-78 (1996), STS-101 (2000), STS-102/105 (2001)
 * Karl Gordon Henize (1926–1993) — STS-51-F (1985)
 * Thomas J. Hennen — STS-44 (1991)
 * Terence T. Henricks — STS-44 (1991), STS-55 (1993), STS-70 (1995), STS-78 (1996)
 * José M. Hernández — STS-128 (2009)
 * John Herrington, first Native American in space. — STS-113 (2002)
 * Richard Hieb — STS-39 (1991), STS-49 (1992), STS-65 (1994)
 * Joan HigginbothamPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-116 (2006)
 * David C. Hilmers — STS-51-J (1985), STS-26 (1988), STS-36 (1990), STS-42 (1992)
 * Robert Hines —SpaceX Crew-4 (2022)
 * Kathryn P. HirePink Venus symbol.svg — STS-90 (1998), STS-130 (2010)
 * Charles O. Hobaugh — STS-104 (2001), STS-108 (2001), STS-129 (2009)
 * Jeffrey A. Hoffman — STS-51-D (1985), STS-35 (1990), STS-46 (1992), STS-61 (1993), STS-75 (1996)
 * Warren Hoburg — SpaceX Crew-6 (2023)
 * Michael S. Hopkins — Soyuz TMA-10M (2013), SpaceX Crew-1 (2020)
 * Scott J. Horowitz — STS-75 (1996), STS-82 (1997), STS-101 (2000), STS-105 (2001)
 * Millie Hughes-FulfordPink Venus symbol.svg, first female Payload Specialist — STS-40 (1991)
 * Douglas G. Hurley — STS-127 (2009), STS-135 (2011), Crew Dragon Demo-2 (2020)
 * Rick Husband (1957–2003), died on the Columbia — STS-96 (1999), STS-107 (2003)

I

 * James Irwin (1930–1991) — Apollo 15 (1971)
 * Jared Isaacman - Inspiration4 (2021)
 * Marsha IvinsPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-32 (1990), STS-46 (1992), STS-62 (1994), STS-81 (1997), STS-98 (2001)

J

 * Mae JemisonPink Venus symbol.svg, first African-American woman in space — STS-47 (1992)
 * Tamara E. JerniganPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-40 (1991), STS-52 (1992), STS-67 (1995), STS-80 (1996), STS-96 (1999)
 * Brent W. Jett, Jr. — STS-72 (1996), STS-81 (1997), STS-97 (2000), STS-115 (2006)
 * Gregory C. Johnson — STS-125 (2009)
 * Gregory H. Johnson* — STS-123 (2008), STS-134 (2011)
 * Thomas David Jones — STS-59 (1994), STS-68 (1994), STS-80 (1996), STS-98 (2001)

K

 * Janet L. KavandiPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-91 (1998), STS-99 (2000), STS-104 (2001)
 * James M. Kelly — STS-102 (2001), STS-114 (2005)
 * Mark E. Kelly — STS-108 (2001), STS-121 (2006), STS-124 (2008), STS-134 (2011). Twin brother of Scott J. Kelly.
 * Scott J. Kelly — STS-103 (1999), STS-118 (2007), Soyuz TMA-01M (2010), Soyuz TMA-16M (2015). Twin brother of Mark Kelly.
 * Joseph P. Kerwin — Skylab 2 (1973)
 * R. Shane Kimbrough — STS-126 (2008), Soyuz MS-02 (2016), SpaceX Crew-2 (2021)
 * Timothy L. Kopra — STS-127 /128 (2009), Soyuz TMA-19M (2015)
 * Kevin R. Kregel — STS-70 (1995), STS-78 (1996), STS-87 (1997), STS-99 (2000)

L

 * Wendy B. LawrencePink Venus symbol.svg — STS-67 (1995), STS-86, STS-91 (1998), STS-114 (2005)
 * Mark C. Lee — STS-30 (1989), STS-47 (1992), STS-64 (1994), STS-82 (1997)
 * David Leestma — STS-41-G (1984), STS-28 (1989), STS-45 (1992)
 * William B. Lenoir (1939–2010) — STS-5 (1982)
 * Frederick W. Leslie* — STS-73 (1995)
 * Byron Lichtenberg, first NASA Payload Specialist. — STS-9 (1983), STS-45 (1992)
 * Don L. Lind — STS-51-B (1985)
 * Kjell N. Lindgren* — Soyuz TMA-17M (2015), SpaceX Crew-4 (2022)
 * Steven W. Lindsey — STS-87 (1997), STS-95 (1998), STS-104 (2001), STS-121 (2006), STS-133 (2011), SpaceX Crew-4 (2022)
 * Jerry M. Linenger — STS-64 (1994), STS-81/84 (1997)
 * Richard M. Linnehan — STS-78 (1996), STS-90, STS-109 (2002), STS-123 (2008)
 * Gregory Linteris — STS-83 (1997), STS-94 (1997)
 * Paul Lockhart — STS-111 (2002), STS-113 (2002)
 * Michael Lopez-Alegria* — STS-73 (1995), STS-92 (2000), STS-113 (2002), Soyuz TMA-9 (2006), Axiom Mission 1 (2022), Axiom Mission 3 (2024)
 * John M. Lounge — STS-51-I (1985), STS-26 (1988), STS-35 (1990)
 * Jack R. Lousma — Skylab 3 (1973), STS-3 (1982)
 * Stanley G. Love — STS-122 (2008)
 * Jim Lovell — Gemini 7 (1965), Gemini 12 (1966), Apollo 8 (1968), Apollo 13 (1970)
 * G. David Low (1956–2008) — STS-32 (1990), STS-43 (1991), STS-57 (1993)
 * Ed Lu — STS-84 (1997), STS-106 (2000), Soyuz TMA-1 (2003)
 * Shannon LucidPink Venus symbol.svg* — STS-51-G (1985), STS-34 (1989), STS-43 (1991), STS-58 (1993), STS-76/79 (1996)

M

 * Sandra MagnusPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-112 (2002), STS-126 /119 (2008), STS-135 (2011)
 * Nicole Aunapu Mann[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — SpaceX Crew-5 (2022)
 * Thomas Marshburn — STS-127 (2009), Soyuz TMA-07M (2012), SpaceX Crew-3 (2021)
 * Michael Massimino — STS-109 (2002), STS-125 (2009)
 * Richard Mastracchio — STS-106 (2000), STS-118 (2007), STS-131 (2010), Soyuz TMA-11M (2013)
 * Ken Mattingly — Apollo 16 (1972), STS-4 (1982), STS-51-C (1985)
 * K. Megan McArthurPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-125 (2009), SpaceX Crew-2 (2021)
 * William S. McArthur — STS-58 (1993), STS-74 (1995), STS-92 (2000), Soyuz TMA-7 (2005)
 * Jon McBride — STS-41-G (1984)
 * Bruce McCandless II (1937–2017) — STS-41-B (1984), STS-31 (1990)
 * William C. McCool (1961–2003), died on the Columbia — STS-107 (2003)
 * Anne McClain — Soyuz MS-11 (2018)
 * Michael J. McCulley — STS-34 (1989)
 * James McDivitt — Gemini 4 (1965), Apollo 9 (1969)
 * Donald R. McMonagle — STS-39 (1991), STS-54 (1993), STS-66 (1994)
 * Ronald McNair (1950–1986), died on the Challenger — STS-41-B (1984)
 * Carl J. Meade — STS-38 (1990), STS-50 (1992), STS-64 (1994)
 * Jessica Meir — Soyuz MS-15 (2019)
 * Bruce E. Melnick — STS-41 (1990), STS-49 (1992)
 * Pamela MelroyPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-92 (2000), STS-112 (2002), STS-120 (2007)
 * Leland D. Melvin — STS-122 (2008), STS-129 (2009)
 * Dorothy M. Metcalf-LindenburgerPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-131 (2010)
 * Edgar Mitchell (1930–2016) — Apollo 14 (1971)
 * Jasmin Moghbeli[[Image:Pink Venus symbol.svg|8px|♀]] — SpaceX Crew-7 (2023)
 * Barbara MorganPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-118 (2007)
 * Lee M.E. Morin — STS-110 (2002)
 * Richard Mullane — STS-41-D (1984), STS-27 (1988), STS-36 (1990)
 * Story Musgrave — STS-6 (1983), STS-51-F (1985), STS-33 (1989), STS-44 (1991), STS-61 (1993), STS-80 (1996)

N

 * Steven R. Nagel — STS-51-G (1985), STS-61-A (1985), STS-37 (1991), STS-55 (1993)
 * George Nelson — STS-41-C (1984), STS-61-C (1985), STS-26 (1988)
 * Bill Nelson — STS-61-C (1985)
 * James H. Newman* — STS-51 (1993), STS-69 (1995), STS-88 (1998), STS-109 (2002)
 * Carlos I. Noriega* — STS-84 (1997), STS-97 (2000)
 * Lisa NowakPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-121 (2006)
 * Karen L. NybergPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-124 (2008), Soyuz TMA-09M (2013)

O

 * Bryan D. O'Connor — STS-61-B (1985), STS-40 (1991)
 * Ellen OchoaPink Venus symbol.svg, first Hispanic woman in space — STS-56 (1993), STS-66 (1994), STS-96 (1999), STS-110 (2002)
 * William Oefelein — STS-116 (2006)
 * Loral O'HaraPink Venus symbol.svg — Soyuz MS-24 (2023)
 * John D. Olivas — STS-117 (2007), STS-128 (2009)
 * Gregory Olsen, third space tourist — Soyuz TMA-7/6 (2005)
 * Ellison Onizuka (1946–1986), died on the Challenger — STS-51-C (1985)
 * Stephen S. Oswald — STS-42 (1992), STS-56 (1993), STS-67 (1995)
 * Robert F. Overmyer (1936–1996) — STS-5 (1982), STS-51-B (1985)

P

 * William Pailes — STS-51-J (1985)
 * Scott E. Parazynski — STS-66 (1994), STS-86 (1997), STS-95 (1998), STS-100 (2001), STS-120 (2007)
 * Ronald A. Parise (1951–2008) — STS-35 (1990), STS-67 (1995)
 * Robert A. Parker — STS-9 (1983), STS-35 (1990)
 * Nicholas Patrick* — STS-116 (2006), STS-130 (2010)
 * James Pawelczyk — STS-90 (1998)
 * Gary Payton — STS-51-C (1985)
 * Donald H. Peterson — STS-6 (1983)
 * Donald Pettit — STS-113/Soyuz TMA-1 (2002), STS-126 (2008), Soyuz TMA-03M (2011)
 * John L. Phillips — STS-100 (2001), Soyuz TMA-6 (2005), STS-119 (2009)
 * William R. Pogue — Skylab 4 (1973)
 * Alan G. Poindexter (1961–2012) — STS-122 (2008), STS-131 (2010)
 * Mark L. Polansky — STS-98 (2001), STS-116 (2006), STS-127 (2009)
 * Charles J. Precourt — STS-55 (1993), STS-71 (1995), STS-84 (1997), STS-91 (1998)
 * Sian ProctorPink Venus symbol.svg - Inspiration4 (2021)

R

 * William F. Readdy — STS-42 (1992), STS-51 (1993), STS-79 (1996)
 * Kenneth S. Reightler, Jr. — STS-48 (1991), STS-60 (1994)
 * James F. Reilly — STS-89 (1998), STS-104 (2001), STS-117 (2007)
 * Garrett Reisman — STS-123/124 (2008), STS-132 (2010)
 * Judith ResnikPink Venus symbol.svg (1949–1986), died on the Challenger — STS-41-D (1984)
 * Paul W. Richards — STS-102 (2001)
 * Richard N. Richards — STS-28 (1989), STS-41 (1990), STS-50 (1992), STS-64 (1994)
 * Sally RidePink Venus symbol.svg (1951–2012), first American woman in space — STS-7 (1983), STS-41-G (1984)
 * Stephen Robinson — STS-85 (1997), STS-95 (1998), STS-114 (2005), STS-130 (2010)
 * Kent Rominger — STS-73 (1995), STS-80 (1996), STS-85 (1997), STS-96 (1999), STS-100 (2001)
 * Stuart Roosa (1933–1994) — Apollo 14 (1971)
 * Jerry L. Ross — STS-61-B (1985), STS-27 (1988), STS-37 (1991), STS-55 (1993), STS-74 (1995), STS-88 (1998), STS-110 (2002)
 * Kathleen RubinsPink Venus symbol.svg — Soyuz MS-01 (2016)
 * Francisco Rubio — Soyuz MS-22 (2022)
 * Mario Runco, Jr. — STS-44 (1991), STS-54 (1993), STS-77 (1996)

S

 * Albert Sacco — STS-73 (1995)
 * Robert Satcher‚ STS-129 (2009)
 * Wally Schirra (1923–2007) — Mercury 8 (1962), Gemini 6A (1965), Apollo 7 (1968)
 * Harrison Schmitt (The last, 12th man, who arrived and set foot on the Moon)— Apollo 17 (1972)
 * Rusty Schweickart — Apollo 9 (1969)
 * Dick Scobee (1939–1986), died on the Challenger — STS-41-C (1984)
 * David Scott — Gemini 8 (1966), Apollo 9 (1969), Apollo 15 (1971)
 * Winston E. Scott — STS-72 (1996), STS-87 (1997)
 * Paul D. Scully-Power* — STS-41-G (1984)
 * Richard A. Searfoss — STS-58 (1993), STS-76 (1996), STS-90 (1998)
 * Margaret Rhea SeddonPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-51-D (1985), STS-40 (1991), STS-58 (1993)
 * Ronald Sega — STS-60 (1994), STS-76 (1996)
 * Piers Sellers* (1955–2016) — STS-112 (2002), STS-121 (2006), STS-132 (2010)
 * Christopher Sembroski - Inspiration4 (2021)
 * Brewster H. Shaw — STS-9 (1983), STS-61-B (1985), STS-28 (1989)
 * Alan Shepard (1923–1998), first American in space — Apollo 14 (1971). Also flew suborbitally in Mercury 3 (1961).
 * William Shepherd — STS-27 (1988), STS-41 (1990), STS-52 (1992), Soyuz TM-31 /STS-102 (2001)
 * Nancy SherlockPink Venus symbol.svg – see Nancy Currie
 * John Shoffner — Axiom Mission 2 (2023)
 * Loren Shriver — STS-51-C (1985), STS-31 (1990), STS-46 (1992)
 * Charles Simonyi*, fifth space tourist — Soyuz TMA-10/9 (2007), Soyuz TMA-14/13 (2009)
 * Deke Slayton (1924–1993) — Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (1975)
 * Steven Smith — STS-68 (1994), STS-82 (1997), STS-103 (1999), STS-110 (2002)
 * Sherwood C. Spring — STS-61-B (1985)
 * Robert C. Springer — STS-29 (1989), STS-38 (1990)
 * Thomas Patten Stafford — Gemini 6A (1965), Gemini 9A (1966), Apollo 10 (1969), Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (1975)
 * Heidemarie M. Stefanyshyn-PiperPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-115 (2006), STS-126 (2008)
 * Robert L. Stewart — STS-41-B (1984), STS-51-J (1985)
 * Susan StillPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-83 (1997), STS-94 (1997)
 * Nicole P. StottPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-128/129 (2009), STS-133 (2011)
 * Frederick Sturckow — STS-88 (1998), STS-105 (2001), STS-117 (2007), STS-128 (2009)
 * Kathryn Dwyer SullivanPink Venus symbol.svg, first American woman to walk in space — STS-41-G (1984), STS-31 (1990), STS-45 (1992)
 * Steven Swanson — STS-117 (2007), STS-119 (2009)
 * John "Jack" Swigert (1931–1982) — Apollo 13 (1970)

T

 * Daniel Tani — STS-108 (2001), STS-120/122 (2007)
 * Joseph R. Tanner — STS-66 (1994), STS-82 (1997), STS-97 (2000), STS-115 (2006)
 * Norman Thagard — STS-7 (1983), STS-51-B (1985), STS-30 (1989), STS-42 (1992), Soyuz TM-21/STS-71 (1995)
 * Andy Thomas* — STS-77 (1996), STS-89 (1998), STS-91 (1998), STS-102 (2001), STS-114 (2005)
 * Donald A. Thomas — STS-65 (1994), STS-70 (1995), STS-83 (1997), STS-94 (1997)
 * Kathryn C. ThorntonPink Venus symbol.svg, first woman to make multiple EVAs — STS-33 (1989), STS-49 (1992), STS-61 (1993), STS-73 (1995)
 * William E. Thornton — STS-8 (1983), STS-51-B (1985)
 * Pierre Thuot — STS-36 (1990), STS-49 (1992), STS-62 (1994)
 * Scott D. Tingle — Soyuz MS-07 (2017)
 * Dennis Tito, first space tourist — Soyuz TM-32/31 (2001)
 * Eugene Trinh* — STS-50 (1992)
 * Richard H. Truly — STS-2 (1981), STS-8 4 (1983)

V

 * Lodewijk van den Berg* — STS-51-B (1985)
 * James van Hoften — STS-41-C (1984), STS-51-I (1985)
 * Charles Veach (1944–1995) — STS-39 (1991), STS-52 (1992)
 * Terry Virts — STS-130 (2010), Soyuz TMA-15M (2014)
 * James S. Voss — STS-44 (1991), STS-53 (1992), STS-69 (1995), STS-101 (2000), STS-102/105 (2001)
 * Janice E. VossPink Venus symbol.svg (1956–2012) — STS-57 (1993), STS-63 (1995), STS-83 (1997), STS-94 (1997), STS-99 (2000)

W

 * Rex J. Walheim — STS-110 (2002), STS-122 (2008), STS-135 (2011)
 * Charles Walker — STS-41-D (1984), STS-51-D (1985), STS-61-B (1985)
 * David M. Walker (1944–2001) — STS-51-A (1984), STS-30 (1989), STS-53 (1992), STS-69 (1995)
 * Shannon WalkerPink Venus symbol.svg — Soyuz TMA-19 (2010), SpaceX Crew-1 (2020)
 * Carl Walz — STS-51 (1993), STS-65 (1994), STS-79 (1996), STS-108/111 (2001)
 * Taylor Wang* — STS-51-B (1985)
 * Mary E. WeberPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-70 (1995), STS-101 (2000)
 * Jessica WatkinsPink Venus symbol.svg — SpaceX Crew-4 (2022)
 * Paul J. Weitz — Skylab 2, STS-6 (1983)
 * Jim Wetherbee — STS-32 (1990), STS-52 (1992), STS-63 (1995), STS-86, STS-102 (2001), STS-113 (2002)
 * Douglas H. Wheelock — STS-120 (2007), Soyuz TMA-19 (2010)
 * Ed White (1930–1967), first American to perform an EVA. Died in the Apollo 1 (1967) (1967) disaster — Gemini 4 (1965)
 * Peggy WhitsonPink Venus symbol.svg, holds the American record for time spent in space — STS-111/113 (2002), Soyuz TMA-11 (2007), Soyuz MS-03/MS-04 (2016), Axiom Mission 2 (2023)
 * Terrence Wilcutt — STS-68 (1994), STS-79 (1996), STS-89 (1998), STS-106 (2000)
 * Donald Williams — STS-51-D (1985), STS-34 (1989)
 * Jeffrey Williams — STS-101 (2000), Soyuz TMA-8 (2006), Soyuz TMA-16 (2009), Soyuz TMA-20M (2016)
 * Sunita WilliamsPink Venus symbol.svg, holder of the women's spacewalk record — STS-116/117 (2006), Soyuz TMA-05M (2012), Boeing CFT (2024)
 * Barry E. Wilmore — STS-129 (2009), Soyuz TMA-14M (2014), Boeing CFT (2024)
 * Stephanie WilsonPink Venus symbol.svg — STS-121 (2006), STS-120 (2007), STS-131 (2010)
 * Gregory R. Wiseman — Soyuz TMA-13M (2014)
 * Peter Wisoff — STS-57 (1993), STS-68 (1994), STS-81 (1997), STS-92 (2000)
 * David Wolf — STS-58 (1993), STS-86/89, STS-112 (2002), STS-127 (2009)
 * Alfred Worden — Apollo 15 (1971)

Y

 * John Young (1930–2018) — Gemini 3 (1965), Gemini 10 (1966), Apollo 10 (1969), Apollo 16 (1972), STS-1 (1981), STS-9 (1983)

Z

 * George D. Zamka — STS-120 (2007), STS-130 (2010)

Americans born abroad

 * 1) William Anders, born in Hong Kong to American parents.
 * 2) Fernando Caldeiro, born in Ituzaingó, Argentina.
 * 3) 🇨🇦 Gregory Chamitoff, born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
 * 4) 🇮🇹 Michael Collins, born in Rome, Italy to American parents.
 * 5) 🇬🇧 Richard Garriott, born in Cambridge, England.
 * 6) 🇬🇧 Gregory H. Johnson, born in South Ruislip, England.
 * 7) 🇵🇦 Frederick W. Leslie, born in Ancón, Panama Canal Zone (now Panama).
 * 8) 🇹🇼 Kjell N. Lindgren, born in Taipei, Taiwan.
 * 9) 🇨🇳 Shannon LucidPink Venus symbol.svg, born in Shanghai, China (then under Japanese rule) to American parents.
 * 10) James H. Newman, born in the United Nations Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (now Micronesia).
 * 11) Jasmin Moghbeli, born in Bad Nauheim, West Germany.

Naturalized Americans

 * 1) 🇮🇷 Anousheh AnsariPink Venus symbol.svg, born in Mashhad, Iran. First Iranian-American in space. Fourth space tourist and first female space tourist.
 * 2) 🇮🇳 Sirisha BandlaPink Venus symbol.svg, born in Guntur, India.
 * 3) Franklin Chang-Diaz, born in San José, Costa Rica. First Costa Rican-American in space.
 * 4) 🇮🇳 Kalpana ChawlaPink Venus symbol.svg, born in Karnal, India. First Indian-American in space.
 * 5) 🇬🇧 Michael Foale, born in Louth, England, dual British and American citizen.
 * 6) 🇪🇸 Michael Lopez-Alegria, born in Madrid, Spain.
 * 7) 🇵🇪 Carlos I. Noriega, born in Lima, Peru. First Peruvian-born person in space.
 * 8) 🇬🇧 Nicholas Patrick, born in Saltburn-by-the-Sea, England, dual UK-US citizen.
 * 9) 🇦🇺 Paul Scully-Power, born in Sydney, Australia.
 * 10) 🇬🇧 Piers Sellers, born in Crowborough, England, dual UK-US citizen.
 * 11) 🇭🇺 Charles Simonyi, born in Budapest, Hungary. Fifth space tourist.
 * 12) 🇦🇺 Andrew Thomas, born in Adelaide, Australia.
 * 13) Eugene Trinh, born in Saigon, State of Vietnam (now Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam). First Vietnamese-American in space.
 * 14) 🇳🇱 Lodewijk van den Berg, born in Sluiskil, the Netherlands.
 * 15) 🇨🇳 Taylor Wang, born in Shanghai, China. First Chinese American in space.

Vietnam

 * Phạm Tuân (Intercosmos), first Vietnamese and first Asian in space. — Soyuz 37 (1980)/36 (1980)