Long-jawed orb weaver

Long-jawed orb weavers or long jawed spiders (Tetragnathidae) are a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Anton Menge in 1866. They have elongated bodies, legs, and chelicerae, and build small orb webs with an open hub with few, wide-set radii and spirals with no signal line or retreat. Some species are often found in long vegetation near water.

Systematics


, the World Spider Catalog accepts the following extant genera:


 * Allende Álvarez-Padilla, 2007 — Chile, Argentina
 * Antillognatha Bryant, 1945 — Hispaniola
 * Atelidea Simon, 1895 — Sri Lanka
 * Azilia Keyserling, 1881 — United States, Panama, South America, Caribbean
 * Chrysometa Simon, 1894 — South America, Central America, Mexico, Caribbean
 * Cyrtognatha Keyserling, 1881 — South America, Central America, Caribbean, Mexico
 * Dianleucauge Song & Zhu, 1994 — China
 * Diphya Nicolet, 1849 — Asia, South America, Africa
 * Dolichognatha O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 — Asia, Africa, South America, Oceania, United States, Panama
 * Doryonychus Simon, 1900 — Hawaii
 * Dyschiriognatha Simon, 1893 — Indonesia, Brazil, Samoa
 * Glenognatha Simon, 1887 — Africa, South America, Asia, North America, Central America, Caribbean
 * Harlanethis Álvarez-Padilla, Kallal & Hormiga, 2020 — Australia (Queensland)
 * Hispanognatha Bryant, 1945 — Hispaniola
 * Homalometa Simon, 1898 — Central America, Cuba, Mexico, Brazil
 * Iamarra Álvarez-Padilla, Kallal & Hormiga, 2020 — Australia (Queensland)
 * Leucauge White, 1841 (including Opas) — Africa, North America, Asia, Oceania, South America, Central America, Caribbean
 * Leucognatha Wunderlich, 1992 — Azores, Kenya, Tanzania
 * Mesida Kulczyński, 1911 — Oceania, Asia, Africa
 * Meta C. L. Koch, 1836 — Asia, North America, Tanzania, Oceania, Cuba
 * Metabus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899 — Mexico, Guatemala, Ecuador, Dominican Republic
 * Metellina Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941 — Africa, Asia, Canada
 * Metleucauge Levi, 1980 — Asia, United States
 * Mitoscelis Thorell, 1890 — Indonesia
 * Mollemeta Álvarez-Padilla, 2007 — Chile
 * Nanningia Zhu, Kim & Song, 1997
 * Nanometa Simon, 1908 — Australia
 * Neoprolochus Reimoser, 1927 — Indonesia
 * Okileucauge Tanikawa, 2001 — China, Japan
 * Orsinome Thorell, 1890 — Asia, Oceania, Madagascar
 * Pachygnatha Sundevall, 1823 — Africa, Asia, North America, Cuba, Europe
 * Parameta Simon, 1895 — Ethiopia, Somalia, Sierra Leone
 * Parazilia Lessert, 1938 — Congo
 * Pholcipes Schmidt & Krause, 1993 — Comoros
 * Pickardinella Archer, 1951 — Mexico
 * Pinkfloydia Dimitrov & Hormiga, 2011 — Australia
 * Sancus Tullgren, 1910 — Kenya, Tanzania
 * Schenkeliella Strand, 1934 — Sri Lanka
 * Taraire Álvarez-Padilla, Kallal & Hormiga, 2020 — New Zealand
 * Tawhai Álvarez-Padilla, Kallal & Hormiga, 2020 — New Zealand
 * Tetragnatha Latreille, 1804 — Asia, South America, Oceania, Africa, North America, Caribbean, Central America, Europe
 * Timonoe Thorell, 1898 — Myanmar
 * Tylorida Simon, 1894 — Asia, Africa, Oceania
 * Wolongia Zhu, Kim & Song, 1997 — China
 * Zhinu Kallal & Hormiga, 2018 — Taiwan, Korea, Japan
 * Zygiometella Wunderlich, 1995 — Israel

Fossil genera
Several extinct, fossil genera have been described:


 * †Anameta Wunderlich, 2004 (Palaeogene, Bitterfield and Baltic amber)
 * †Balticgnatha Wunderlich, 2004 (Palaeogene, Baltic amber)
 * †Corneometa Wunderlich, 2004 (Palaeogene, Baltic amber)
 * †Eometa Petrunkevitch, 1958 (Palaeogene, Baltic amber)
 * †Huergnina Selden & Penney, 2003 (Cretaceous, Las Hoyas, Spain)
 * †Macryphantes Selden, 1990 (Cretaceous)
 * †Palaeometa Petrunkevitch, 1922 (Palaeogene, Florissant)
 * †Palaeopachygnatha Petrunkevitch, 1922 (Palaeogene, Florissant)
 * †Priscometa Petrunkevitch, 1958 (Palaeogene, Baltic amber)
 * †Samlandicmeta Wunderlich, 2012 (Palaeogene, Baltic amber)

Formerly placed here

 * Deliochus Simon, 1894 – now in Araneidae
 * Eryciniolia Strand, 1912 – now a synonym of Nanometa
 * Menosira Chikuni, 1955 – now a synonym of Metellina
 * Nediphya Marusik & Omelko, 2017 – now a synonym of Nanometa
 * Phonognatha Simon, 1894 – now in Araneidae
 * Prolochus Thorell, 1895 – see Dolichognatha