Wandering spider

Wandering spiders (Ctenidae) are a family of spiders that includes the Brazilian wandering spiders. These spiders have a distinctive longitudinal groove on the top-rear of their oval carapace similar to those of the Amaurobiidae. They are highly defensive and venomous nocturnal hunters. Wandering spiders are known to hunt large prey, for example hylid species Dendropsophus branneri. Despite their notoriety for being dangerous, only a few members of Phoneutria have venom known to be hazardous to humans, but the venoms of this family are poorly known, so all larger ctenids should be treated with caution.

General
, the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera:


 * Acantheis Thorell, 1891 — Asia
 * Acanthoctenus Keyserling, 1877 — South America, Central America, Jamaica, Mexico
 * Africactenus Hyatt, 1954 — Africa, India
 * Afroneutria Polotow & Jocqué, 2015 — Africa
 * Amauropelma Raven, Stumkat & Gray, 2001 — Asia, Australia
 * Amicactenus Henrard & Jocqué, 2017 — Africa
 * Anahita Karsch, 1879 — Africa, Asia, United States
 * Ancylometes Bertkau, 1880 — South America, Honduras
 * Apolania Simon, 1898 — Seychelles
 * Arctenus Polotow & Jocqué, 2014 — Kenya
 * Asthenoctenus Simon, 1897 — South America
 * Bengalla Gray & Thompson, 2001 — Australia
 * Bulboctenus Pereira, Labarque & Polotow, 2020 — Brazil
 * Califorctenus Jiménez, Berrian, Polotow & Palacios-Cardiel, 2017
 * Caloctenus Keyserling, 1877 — Ethiopia, South America
 * Celaetycheus Simon, 1897 — Brazil
 * Centroctenus Mello-Leitão, 1929 — South America
 * Chococtenus Dupérré, 2015 — Ecuador, Colombia
 * Ciba Bloom, Binford, Esposito, Alayón, Peterson, Nishida, Loubet-Senear & Agnarsson, 2014 — Cuba, Dominican Republic
 * Ctenus Walckenaer, 1805 — Africa, South America, Oceania, Central America, Asia, North America, Caribbean
 * Diallomus Simon, 1897 — Sri Lanka
 * Enoploctenus Simon, 1897 — South America, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
 * Gephyroctenus Mello-Leitão, 1936 — Brazil, Peru
 * Isoctenus Bertkau, 1880 — Brazil, Argentina
 * Janusia Gray, 1973 — Australia
 * Kiekie Polotow & Brescovit, 2018 — Colombia, Central America, Mexico
 * Leptoctenus L. Koch, 1878 — Australia, North America, Panama
 * Macroctenus Henrard & Jocqué, 2017 — Guinea
 * Mahafalytenus Silva-Dávila, 2007 — Madagascar
 * Montescueia Carcavallo & Martínez, 1961 — Argentina
 * Nimbanahita Henrard & Jocqué, 2017 — Guinea
 * Nothroctenus Badcock, 1932 — Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay
 * Ohvida Polotow & Brescovit, 2009 — Cuba
 * Parabatinga Polotow & Brescovit, 2009 — South America
 * Perictenus Henrard & Jocqué, 2017 — Guinea
 * Petaloctenus Jocqué & Steyn, 1997 — Africa
 * Phoneutria Perty, 1833 — South America
 * Phymatoctenus Simon, 1897 — Brazil, Guyana, Costa Rica
 * Piloctenus Henrard & Jocqué, 2017 — Guinea, Togo, Ivory Coast
 * Sinoctenus Marusik, Zhang & Omelko, 2012
 * Spinoctenus Hazzi, Polotow, Brescovit, González-Obando & Simó, 2018
 * Thoriosa Simon, 1910 — São Tomé and Príncipe, Sierra Leone, Equatorial Guinea
 * Toca Polotow & Brescovit, 2009 — Brazil
 * Trogloctenus Lessert, 1935 — Congo
 * Trujillina Bryant, 1948 — Caribbean
 * Tuticanus Simon, 1897 — Ecuador, Peru
 * Viracucha Lehtinen, 1967 — South America
 * Wiedenmeyeria Schenkel, 1953 — Venezuela