My Iron Lung

My Iron Lung is the third EP by the English rock band Radiohead, released on 26 September 1994 by Parlophone Records in the UK and by Capitol Records in the US. It was produced by Radiohead, John Leckie and Nigel Godrich. It marked Radiohead's first collaborations with Godrich and the artist Stanley Donwood, who have worked on every Radiohead release since.

Radiohead recorded most of the songs during the sessions for their second album, The Bends, released the following year. The EP consists of the Bends song "My Iron Lung" plus several non-album tracks. Radiohead wrote "My Iron Lung" in response to the success of their debut single, "Creep" (1992). Unsatisfied with the version recorded at RAK Studios, they used a performance recorded in May 1994 at the London Astoria.

Retrospective reviews of My Iron Lung described it as a growth in Radiohead's songwriting. The song "My Iron Lung" was also released as a single, and reached number 24 on the UK Singles Chart.

Recording
Radiohead recorded most of the songs on My Iron Lung at RAK Studios, London, during the sessions for their second album, The Bends (1995). The songwriter, Thom Yorke, said the EP was "just for fans", and described it as a collection of songs that did not fit on the album rather than outtakes: "We think they're good, otherwise we wouldn't have plugged them on." The EP also includes an acoustic version of Radiohead's debut single, "Creep" (1992), from a performance on KROQ-FM on July 13, 1993.

My Iron Lung was Radiohead's first collaboration with the producer Nigel Godrich, who was assisting the producer John Leckie at RAK as a tape engineer. It was also Radiohead's first collaboration with the cover artist Stanley Donwood. Donwood was not a fan of rock music, and said he took the work because he knew Yorke from their time as art students at the University of Exeter. Donwood and Godrich have worked on every Radiohead release since.

"My Iron Lung"
Only "My Iron Lung" was included on The Bends. Radiohead wrote it in response to the request from their record label, EMI, to record a single to repeat the success of "Creep". The caustic lyrics use an iron lung as a metaphor for the way "Creep" had both sustained and constrained them: "This is our new song / Just like the last one / A total waste of time / My iron lung". Yorke said in 1995: "People have defined our emotional range with that one song, 'Creep'. I saw reviews of 'My Iron Lung' that said it was just like 'Creep'. When you're up against things like that, it's like: 'Fuck you.' These people are never going to listen."

According to the journalist Mac Randall, "My Iron Lung" transitions from a "jangly" opening hook to a "McCartney-esque verse melody" and "pulverising guitar explosions" in the bridge. Jonny Greenwood used a DigiTech Whammy pedal to pitch-shift his guitar by one octave, creating a "glitchy, lo-fi" sound. Ed O'Brien used an EBow, an electronic sustaining device, to generate a drone on his guitar.

Radiohead recorded versions of "My Iron Lung" at RAK, but were not satisfied with the results. Instead, they used a performance recorded in May 1994 at the London Astoria, with Yorke's vocals replaced and the audience removed. Leckie said: "Considering it was recorded in the back of a truck outside the hall – not the best sound to get something from – we did quite well." The Astoria performance was included in the video Live at the Astoria, released in March 1995.

Release
"My Iron Lung" was released as a single in the UK in September 26 in four versions, each with different track order. Two CD versions were released; one included the B-sides "The Trickster", "Punchdrunk Lovesick Singalong", and "Lozenge of Love", while the other included the B-sides "Lewis (Mistreated)", "Permanent Daylight", and "You Never Wash Up After Yourself". The double release was an effort by EMI to encourage fans to buy multiple editions of the same single. My Iron Lung was later issued as an EP containing all the B-sides.

The "My Iron Lung" single reached number 24 on the UK Singles Chart. In the US, it topped the college radio charts, but sold only around 20,000 copies. Yorke and Greenwood expressed disappointment that Capitol, EMI's American subsidiary, had not promoted it more. The A&R vice president, Perry Watts-Russel, said Capitol had not pursued radio play as "My Iron Lung" was intended for fans rather than as the lead single for The Bends. Randall noted that, unlike the UK, the US was not a major market for singles, and that the sales instead indicated that Radiohead had built an audience in America. He argued that "My Iron Lung" boosted Radiohead's artistic credibility, creating commercial opportunity for The Bends.

Critical reception
"My Iron Lung" initially received mixed reviews, with critics likening its verse-chorus dynamic to the 1993 Nirvana song "Heart-Shaped Box". According to Randall, it puzzled fans and critics, confounding expectations, but "makes much more sense" on The Bends. Though he felt Radiohead were right to omit the other Bends tracks from the EP, he identified a growing sophistication and diversity in their songwriting and felt that Radiohead were building their own identity. He praised "The Trickster" and "Punchdrunk Lovesick Singalong" as the most developed songs, likening them to Sonic Youth.

The AllMusic critic Greg Prato praised the EP, writing: "Because of the tracks' consistency and sequencing, it plays like a real album rather than a collection of B-sides and outtakes thrown together haphazardly." He felt the acoustic version of "Creep", with a "surprisingly harsh and off-key middle section", was "the only weak spot".

Entertainment.ie wrote: "While these off-cuts are inevitably more low-key and experimental than the classics we're all familiar with, the same spirit of anguish [of The Bends] and fragility is still thrillingly familiar." In a retrospective review, the Pitchfork critic Scott Plagenhoef wrote that My Iron Lung had seen Radiohead finding "new ways to pick apart and re-construct the typical alt-rock template" and "demonstrated a band whose collective heads seemed to crack open and spill out new ideas". In 2020, the Guardian named "My Iron Lung" the 10th-best Radiohead song, writing that it "uses catchy hooks and brawny riffs to rally against commercialisation. It risks sounding bratty – it is bratty – but from insolence [Radiohead] fashioned a new identity: stadium-rock agitators declaring war on hypocrisy and greed – particularly their own."

Reissues
On 19 October, 2007, "My Iron Lung" was released as downloadable content for the music video game Rock Band. On 31 August, 2009, EMI reissued The Bends in a "Collector's Edition", including the My Iron Lung tracks. Radiohead had no input into the reissue and the music was not remastered. The EMI reissue was removed from streaming services after Radiohead's back catalogue was transferred to XL in 2016.

Personnel
Adapted from the liner notes.

Radiohead
 * Thom Yorke
 * Jonny Greenwood
 * Ed O'Brien
 * Colin Greenwood
 * Philip Selway

Production
 * John Leckie – production and engineering on tracks 1–4 and 6
 * Nigel Godrich – engineering on tracks 1–4 and 6, production on track 5
 * Chris Brown – engineering on tracks 1–4 and 6
 * Guy Massey – assistance
 * Shelly Saunders – assistance
 * Jim Warren – mixing on track 5, recording on track 7

Artwork
 * Stanley Donwood
 * Thom Yorke