Ntoroko clashes

On December 13, 2022, fighting broke out between the Uganda People's Defence Force and the Allied Democratic Forces in Ntoroko District, in western Uganda.

Prelude
In the 1990s, the Islamist group Allied Democratic Forces formed in southern Uganda, and quickly took hold in eastern Congo and the dense rainforests there, launching attacks on civilians and Congolese forces. However, the group has made several incursions into the Ugandan border in the late 2010s and early 2020s, as their influence grew in the Congo. In late 2021, the Ugandan Army dispatched to eastern Congo to aid the Congolese and Rwandan militaries in relieving the Kivu and Ituri conflicts. Incursions by the ADF into Uganda, however, occasionally happened, along with attacks in the Ugandan capital of Kampala.

Battle
Civilians in Bweramule sub-county, in Ntoroko, first spotted ADF militants on December 13. Speaking to the Ugandan military, they stated around 20-40 militants crossed the Semuliki river into the district. The fighters were armed with around 15-20 guns. Captured ADF fighters stated that once they crossed into Ntoroko, the ADF contingent was split into several groups. Meanwhile, the Ugandan military's 8th Mountain Battalion, stationed in the area, responded to the incursion. The ADF attacked civilians in Bweramule, killing three people. In the ensuing clashes between Ugandan forces and the ADF, seventeen ADF fighters were killed and thirteen were captured, mostly child soldiers. The commander of the Ugandan Mountain Division, Dick Olum, stated the other ten fighters likely drowned in the Semuliki river when crossing back. In the clashes, one Ugandan soldier was killed, and two were injured.

Aftermath
By December 14, civilians sheltering in the local public school were able to return home. Around 8,000 people were displaced in total from the attacks, 7,000 of which from Bweramule sub-county, and 1,000 combined from Butungama sub-county and Kibuuku town. On December 25, seven more ADF fighters that were hiding were caught by civilians and military forces. All fighters were between the ages of 12 and 14.