Pretoria Boys High School

Pretoria Boys High School (colloquially known as "Boys High") is a public, tuition-charging, English-medium high school for boys situated in the suburb of Brooklyn in Pretoria in the Gauteng province of South Africa, founded in 1901 by Alfred Milner, 1st Viscount Milner.

The school enrols over 1,500 pupils, including 300 boarders, from South Africa and beyond, managed by about 100 full-time staff.

Though the school itself was founded in 1901, its neoclassical red-brick style main school buildings date from 1909, maintaining provincial heritage site status. A new media centre, library and music centre was completed in 2016. The 40-hectare school grounds also include a second campus, 'Pollock Campus', as well as sporting and recreational facilities. Three boarding houses are located on the school grounds: Rissik House and Solomon House are part of the original school complex completed in 1909, while School House was built later in 1920.

Its sister school is Pretoria High School for Girls, founded in 1902.

History
The antecedent of the current school is the historic Staats Model School, built 1896-1897 by the government of the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (later Transvaal) in central Pretoria. Alfred Fernández Harington was appointed English master on 1 October 1895. The school was not in operation for very long owing to the outbreak of the Second Boer War in 1899. At the time, the building served as a prison, where notably Winston Churchill was briefly imprisoned.

The school was part of the whites-only education system, until the abolition of apartheid.

Pretoria High School (1901–1903)
With Pretoria under British control, it became apparent to Lord Milner, the Colonial Secretary at the time, that the educational facilities in the city needed attention as there was no secondary school for English-speaking pupils. The Staats Model School was duly refurbished. It was renamed Pretoria High School and became the first of the so-called Milner schools in the Transvaal, opening on 3 June 1901 with Charles Hope - who also founded Potchefstroom Boys High - as headmaster. Initial enrolment was 32 pupils, both boys and girls, which increased to 132 by August of that year. Hope left 15 months later, along with the girls, who were finally accommodated into the old building of the former Transvaal Republic's Staatsmeischjeskool (State Girls' School), which was renamed Pretoria High School for Girls.

Pretoria College (1903–1909)
Under the new headmaster, Harold Atkinson, enrolment increased to 100 boys by 1903. The name of the school was also changed to Pretoria College. Atkinson left at the end of 1905 and was succeeded by J F Acheson who stayed with the school until it moved from Skinner Street to its current site in 1909. Formal devolution between primary and high school pupils only occurred in 1905.

The new buildings and bilingualism (1910-1920)
Milner's intention was to create a stable educational infrastructure in the new colony's capital and duly set aside 200 ha of ground to the south-east of central Pretoria for the construction of new academic institutions. The southernmost 60 ha, which included the Waterkloof Kop (English: Waterkloof Hill), was chosen as the new site for Pretoria Boys High School. The architect, Patrick Eagle, met the challenge by designing an edifice rivalling its larger contemporary, Sir Herbert Baker's Union Buildings. Eagle chose to site the main buildings on the ridge of the hill giving the school its well-known dramatic setting.

The new school buildings were officially opened in 1909 by Jan Smuts, then colonial secretary of the Transvaal. The main building of the school, sited on Waterkloof Hill, is at present close to University of Pretoria, sitting opposite to the distant Union Buildings on Meintjieskop.

One year later, the four colonies of the Transvaal, Orange River Colony, Natal and the Cape formed the Union of South Africa. Keen to forge unity between English and Dutch (Afrikaner) South Africans, Smuts' influence was evident when, on 6 April 1910, the school absorbed 100 boys and staff from the Dutch-medium Eendracht High School to form a dual-medium high school. The combined school was now named Pretoria High School for Boys - Pretoria Hogere school voor Jongens. Smuts would later send his own sons to the school.

Devolution and re-establishment (1920)
The dual-medium institution would last ten years. By 1920, the divide between English and Afrikaans speakers had become apparent nationwide; this was reflected in the need for a separate Afrikaans high school in Pretoria. Consequently, the Afrikaanse Hoër Seunskool was formed immediately south of its parent, becoming the first Afrikaans-medium high school in the country, several years before Afrikaans attained official recognition as a language (and not a semi-creole of Dutch). The two schools enjoy close ties to this day, especially in rivalry in sporting events. PBHS would now be left in its present form, known as Pretoria Boys High School, an English-medium public school.

Headmasters since 1909

 * William Hofmeyr (1909–1935)
 * Daniel Matheson (1936–1949)
 * Noel Pollock (1950–1955)
 * Desmond Abernethy (1956–1973)
 * Malcolm Armstrong (1974–1989)
 * William E. Schroder (1990–2009)
 * Anthony Reeler (2010-June 2020)
 * Gregary Hassenkamp (July 2020-)

Heraldry
According to Illsley, each component of the badge has a special meaning relating to the history and spirit of the school. The shield component of the badge is divided into four quadrants, with the book representing learning, the tools the wealth of the Transvaal through gold mining, the tree growth and the ox wagon the Transvaal. The background colours of the four quadrants were the colours of the first four houses when given permanent names, i.e. Town red, Solomon gold, Sunnyside black and Rissik green.

The school songs
The official school song, Tis Here We Learn To Live, was written in the 1930s by two Old Boys. The composer of the music, George Findlay, was a prominent Pretoria dermatologist. However, the school later adopted Forty Years On, originally the school song of Harrow School in London. It is this song that is sung at all school valedictions. The official school song was relegated to obscurity until it was revived as the school's rugby anthem.

Cultural activities
Cultural activities include a well-established musical tradition, as well as a plethora of clubs and societies. These include photography, fantasy and historical war games, aeronautical, film, wildlife, drama, debating, chess, public speaking, creative writing and science clubs. The school newspaper "Boys Highlights" is published and distributed each term.

The school's Music Centre is regarded as one of the best in the country. The following ensembles frequently perform at school functions and external events:


 * Symphony orchestra
 * Big band
 * Dixie band
 * String quartet
 * Brass choir
 * Clarinet ensemble
 * Saxophone ensemble
 * The Salon Boys
 * "Boere Orkes"
 * Pipe band
 * Choir
 * Vocal ensemble also known as the Harmonics

Athletics and leisure
Sporting facilities include soccer, rugby union, cricket, Olympic standard athletics grounds, tennis, squash and basketball courts, a gymnasium, hockey fields, two swimming pools including one for waterpolo, an AstroTurf and a rock-climbing wall. There is also a man-made pine forest, an old shooting range which has been converted for the purpose of archery, an amphitheatre and an artificial lake, Loch Armstrong. The grounds form a protected bird sanctuary and are home to several different species of birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles.

Sports
The sports that are played at the school are:
 * Archery
 * Athletics
 * Basketball
 * Chess
 * Cricket
 * Cross country
 * Cycling
 * Climbing
 * Fencing
 * Golf
 * Hockey
 * Mountain biking
 * Rowing
 * Rugby
 * Rugby sevens
 * Football (soccer)
 * Squash
 * Swimming
 * Table tennis
 * Tennis
 * Water polo

School buildings
The new school buildings were officially opened in 1909 by Jan Smuts, then colonial secretary of the Transvaal. The main building of the school, sited on Waterkloof Hill, is at present close to University of Pretoria, sitting opposite to the distant Union Buildings on Meintjieskop.

Houses
Pretoria Boys High School is made up of ten constituent houses, each with its own culture and identity. House assemblies are held weekly, and house prefects are appointed annually. Annual inter-house sports meetings take place in which every pupil is encouraged to participate. The inter-house swim meet (gala) is the most popular and well-attended of sport meetings.

Boarding houses

 * Solomon
 * Rissik
 * School

Day-boy houses

 * Abernethy
 * Arcadia
 * Armstrong
 * Hofmeyr
 * Matheson
 * Sunnyside
 * Town

The Old Boys Association
Pretoria Boys High School has a network of Old Boys, forming one of the largest alumni organisations in South Africa. Pretoria Boys High School Old Boys Association publishes an annual journal and review, The Phobian, which is distributed to Old Boys across the globe. Members of the association meet annually at the school for the annual dinner, and regular reunions of each matriculating group are organised 10, 20, 30 and 40 years on, echoing the refrain of the school song, Forty Years On.

Notable alumni
The school has produced two Nobel Prize laureates, eighteen Rhodes scholars, eight Supreme Court judges, an archbishop, two English Premier League football players, seven national cricketers and four Springbok rugby players • Eddie Barlow, South African cricketer

• Jackie Botten, South African cricketer

• Edwin Cameron, Constitutional Court judge and AIDS activist

• Billy Downer, Advocate of the Supreme Court, National Prosecutor and Rhodes scholar

• David Epstein, mathematician and Fellow of the Royal Society

• Philip Evans, South African national football player

• Mark Fish, South Africa international football player

• Bernard Friedman, politician, writer, surgeon and founder of the Progressive Party

• Ken Funston, South African cricketer and hockey player

• Brian Galgut, Deputy Judge President of the KwaZulu-Natal High Court

• Damon Galgut, author, winner of the 2021 Booker Prize

• Ian Goldin, Professor of Globalisation and Development at Balliol College, Oxford, director of the Oxford Martin Research Programmes

• Peter Hain, British Cabinet Minister

• Glen Hall, South African cricketer

• Simon Harmer, South African cricketer

• Dennis Jensen, Australian politician and member of the Australian House of Representatives

• Ian Kantor, co-founder of Investec Bank

• Bernard Kantor, Managing Director of Investec Bank

• Charles Kimberlin Brain (C. K. 'Bob' Brain), paleontologist, cave taphonomist

• Richard Kunzmann, novelist

• Michael Levitt, Nobel Prize laureate for chemistry 2013 attended the school for two years

• Aiden Markram, South African cricketer and captain of the 2014 U-19 Cricket World Cup winning side

• Gerard Moerdijk, Architect best known for designing the Voortrekker Monument

• Chris Morris, South African cricketer

• Elon Musk, internet, space, electric car, renewable energy entrepreneur and Fellow of the Royal Society

• Oscar Pistorius, 100m Paralympic sprint champion (Beijing, 2008) also notorious for having murdered his girlfriend Reeva Steenkamp

• Chiliboy Ralepelle, Springbok Rugby player

• Vause Raw, South African politician and leader of the New Republic Party (NRP)

• John Smit, captain of the RWC 2007 winning Springbok team

• Nico Panagio, actor & presenter

• JP Ferreira, international rugby coach

• Max Theiler, Nobel Prize laureate for physiology or medicine 1951 who produced the vaccine against yellow fever;

• Francois Viljoen, U.S. men's national rugby union Eagles player

• Rik de Voest, professional South African tennis player

• Tucker Vorster, South African tennis player

• Roy Wegerle, US international football (soccer) player.

• Duduzane Zuma, son of former South African president, Jacob Zuma, and prominent acolyte of the Gupta family accused of corruption and the negligent death of a pedestrian.