Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase

In enzymology, a pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction


 * L -proline + NAD(P)+ $$\rightleftharpoons$$ 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + NAD(P)H + H+

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are L -proline, NAD+, and NADP+, whereas its 4 products are 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate, NADH, NADPH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-NH group of donors with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is  L -proline:NAD(P)+ 5-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include proline oxidase,  L -proline oxidase, 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase, NADPH-L-Delta1-pyrroline carboxylic acid reductase, and  L -proline-NAD(P)+ 5-oxidoreductase. This enzyme participates in arginine and proline metabolism.

Structural studies
As of late 2007, 5 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes, , , , and.

Human genes

 * PYCR1, nuclear gene for mitochondrial protein
 * PYCR2, nuclear gene for mitochondrial protein
 * PYCR3 (formerly PYCRL), cytosolic protein