Rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus

The rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF) is a collection of neurons in the mesencephalon (midbrain) responsible for mediating vertical conjugate eye movements (vertical gaze) and vertical saccades. It mostly projects efferents to the ipsilateral oculomotor and trochlear nuclei.

To mediate downgaze, it projects efferents to the ipsilateral oculomotor nucleus and trochlear nucleus; mediate upgaze, it projects efferents to the contralateral aforementioned nuclei  through the posterior commissure.

It is one of the accessory oculomotor nuclei.

Structure
The riMLF is a wing-shaped nucleus.

The riMLF contains two populations of neurons: excitatory burst neurons mediating vertical gaze/saccades, as well as omnipause neurons which are functionally similar to those mediating horizontal gaze.

Relations
It is situated at the caudal extremity of the mesencephalon at its juction with the telencephalon, at the level of the superior colliculus. It is situated dorsal to the rostral extremity of the red nucleus, and rostral to the interstitial nucleus of Cajal.

Clinical significance
Lesions of the riMLF may impair vertical gaze completely, or predominately impair downgaze. Lesions of the posterior commissure meanwhile disrupt upgaze.