Sher Mohammad Abbas Stanikzai

Sher Mohammad Abbas Stanikzai (شیر محمد عباس ستانکزئی ; born 1963) is a senior member of the Afghan Taliban and the country's Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs in the internationally unrecognized Taliban regime since 7 September 2021.

He was an officer in the Afghan Army after training at an army academy in India. He defected from the army and joined Islamic movements to fight the Soviets in Afghanistan. He was a deputy cabinet minister in the first Taliban government. He has been a senior member of the Taliban's political office in Doha since it was set up in 2012, and was its head from 2015 to 2020. He speaks English, Urdu, Pashto, and Dari and has travelled widely to other countries as a Taliban political representative. On 7 September 2021, Sher Abbas was appointed as the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs.

Biography and early life
Stanikzai was born in 1963 in the Abbas Qala area of the Baraki Barak District, in the Logar Province of Afghanistan. He is the son of Pacha Khan and is an ethnic Pashtun of the Stanikzai subtribe. He studied political science in Afghanistan, gaining a master's degree. He can speak English, Urdu, Pashto, and Dari.

He trained as a soldier at the Army Cadet College of the Indian Army at Nowgaon in India for three years from 1979 to 1982 under an Indo-Afghan cooperation programme. He was also an officer cadet for a year and a half with the Keren Company of the Bhagat Battalion at the Indian Military Academy in Dehradun, one of 45 foreign cadets in the Keren Company. The Indian Military Academy trained cadets from a number of other countries in Asia and Africa. His fellow cadets nicknamed him "Sheru". After graduating he was a lieutenant in the Afghan National Army.

He defected from the army to fight against the Soviets in the Soviet–Afghan War, first with Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi's Islamic and National Revolution Movement of Afghanistan, then with Abdul Rasul Sayyaf's Islamic Union for the Liberation of Afghanistan, as commander of its south-western front. He had a role with Sayyaf in liaison with Pakistani military intelligence. He was more urbane than most Afghan mujahideen, and when in Quetta, Pakistan, in the 1980s he often dined at restaurants with his wife. Other mujahideen gossiped about this; in return Stanikzai criticised them for their old-fashioned ideas about keeping women secluded in their homes.

Taliban rule (1996–2001)
Stanikzai joined the Taliban in the 1990s. After they took power in 1996 he served as deputy minister of foreign affairs under foreign affairs minister Wakil Ahmed Muttawakil. Though he was reportedly not trusted by Muttawakil, foreign media often interviewed him, as he speaks English well. He traveled to Washington, D.C. as acting foreign minister in 1996 to ask the Clinton administration to extend diplomatic recognition to Taliban-ruled Afghanistan. In 1998 he reportedly drew the ire of Taliban leader Mohammed Omar, possibly related to issues of abuse of power and a loose attitude to alcohol, and was removed from his position and placed under house arrest. However, his connections with the Pakistani military intelligence agency, which had influence over the Taliban leadership, worked in his favour and a few months later he was appointed as deputy minister of health, albeit a less important position than in foreign affairs. Stanikzai denied misconduct and put his change of role down to routine ministerial changes.

Taliban political representative, 2001–2021
Stanikzai arrived in Qatar with Tayyab Agha and others in January 2012 to facilitate the opening of the Taliban's political office in that country. On 6 August 2015 he was appointed acting head of the political office, replacing Agha, who had resigned. After his appointment, Stanikzai pledged his allegiance to Akhtar Mansour, saying "I and other members of the Political Office of the Islamic Emirate declare allegiance to the honorable Mullah Akhtar Mansoor." He was confirmed in his position as head of the political office in November 2015.

From July 18–22, 2016, he traveled to China for talks with Chinese officials. In February 2017, Stanikzai was denied entry to the United Arab Emirates.

From August 7 to 10 2018, Stanikzal led a delegation of Taliban officials to Uzbekistan. The delegation met with Uzbekistan's Foreign Minister Abdulaziz Kamilov and Uzbekistan's special representative to Afghanistan Ismatilla Irgashev. From August 12–15, he traveled to Indonesia for talks with officials, meeting Indonesian First Vice President Muhammad Jusuf Kalla, Indonesia Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi and Hamid Awaluddin, Indonesia's special representative for Afghanistan. He became the deputy head of the office in September 2020, replaced by Abdul Hakim Ishaqzai.

Taliban rule (2021–present)
Stanikzai addressed Afghanistan on national television and radio on August 30, 2021, where he spoke of the Taliban's desire for friendly relations with the United States, NATO, and India, further stating that he would not allow Pakistan to use Afghan territory in its cold conflict with India. Stanikzai also spoke of the country's Sikhs and Hindus, stating that they could live peacefully and hoping that those who left would return.

During a televised speech in September 2022, Stanikzai urged the government to reopen schools for girls, saying that there was no religious justification to prevent female education.

In August 2023, Stanikzai further emphasized the importance of education for women. He remarked: "Justice should be ensured. The government should reopen the doors of the schools for everyone. The government should have a constitution and run its affairs based on it. The people should give consultations to the government officials". Following this, he also stated: "Women should take part in various parts of the society based on Sharia. We want freedom for women based on Sharia, not based on Western culture. The rights of girls should be provided completely and the ground for work and education for women be provided".