Sphaeropsis

The Sphaeropsis are a genus of fungi, within the family of Botryosphaeriaceae and within the order of Botryosphaeriales, within the class Dothideomycetes. They are plant pathogens.

Most known species is Sphaeropsis sapinea (or Diplodia sapinea  and Diplodia pinea ), which is the causal agent of the Diplodia tip blight disease on pines and other conifer species. It is also found on forest and ornamental trees in the Western Balkans, Europe, and in the United States.

History
The genus Sphaeropsis was introduced by Saccardo in 1880 (for several species of Diplodia with brown, aseptate conidia), with Sphaeropsis visci named as the type species. Sphaeropsis was later found to be the asexual morph of Phaeobotryosphaeria (Phillips et al. 2008, 2013; Wijayawardene et al. 2017).

Distribution
Species in Sphaeropsis have a cosmopolitan distribution since they have been recorded from both temperate and tropical countries. Including; Germany, Namibia, New Zealand, South Africa, Thailand, (Phillips et al. 2013; Slippers et al. 2014; Farr and Rossman 2019). China (Sphaeropsis citrigena and Sphaeropsis guizhouensis), and Chile.

Etymology
Sphaeropsis is derived from the New Latin from sphaer meaning sphere or globe and opsis meaning appearance, vision. So named as the species are similar in form to the fungal genus Sphaeria, (in the Hypoxylaceae family, Xylariales order).

Hosts
Species Sphaeropsis visci causes leaf-spot disease on Asian mistletoe (Viscum coloratum in China, and also on European mistletoe (Viscum album) populations.   While species Sphaeropsis pinea (Needle cast) is a significant problem in Chile.

Species
, the GBIF lists up to 143 species, while Species Fungorum lists about 139 species (out of 374 records). Over 600 species were accepted by Wijayawardene et al. 2020.

This list of species with name, authority and dates is based on the Species Fungorum list.


 * Sphaeropsis abietis
 * Sphaeropsis abietis-mariesii
 * Sphaeropsis actinidiae
 * Sphaeropsis akebiae
 * Sphaeropsis alsines
 * Sphaeropsis americana
 * Sphaeropsis amplispora
 * Sphaeropsis arenaria
 * Sphaeropsis aristolochiae
 * Sphaeropsis astericola
 * Sphaeropsis asterisci
 * Sphaeropsis astragali
 * Sphaeropsis begoniicola
 * Sphaeropsis berberidis
 * Sphaeropsis betulae
 * Sphaeropsis cactinae
 * Sphaeropsis cadabae
 * Sphaeropsis calycanthi
 * Sphaeropsis capparis
 * Sphaeropsis carthami
 * Sphaeropsis caryotae
 * Sphaeropsis caulincola
 * Sphaeropsis cerasifolia
 * Sphaeropsis cereicola
 * Sphaeropsis chromolaenicola
 * Sphaeropsis cinnamomi
 * Sphaeropsis citrigena
 * Sphaeropsis codiaei
 * Sphaeropsis coluteae
 * Sphaeropsis conspersa
 * Sphaeropsis cordiana
 * Sphaeropsis cornicola
 * Sphaeropsis cryptomeriae
 * Sphaeropsis cycadis
 * Sphaeropsis datiscae
 * Sphaeropsis dendranthemae
 * Sphaeropsis desmodiicola
 * Sphaeropsis dilleniae
 * Sphaeropsis dircae
 * Sphaeropsis dracaenae
 * Sphaeropsis eucalypticola
 * Sphaeropsis euonymi
 * Sphaeropsis fici-elasticae
 * Sphaeropsis foliicola
 * Sphaeropsis fragosoana
 * Sphaeropsis galii
 * Sphaeropsis ginkgonis
 * Sphaeropsis glandulosa
 * Sphaeropsis gouldiae
 * Sphaeropsis graminum
 * Sphaeropsis grandiflorae
 * Sphaeropsis grandinea
 * Sphaeropsis guizhouensis
 * Sphaeropsis guttifera
 * Sphaeropsis hamamelidis
 * Sphaeropsis hariotii
 * Sphaeropsis hassanii
 * Sphaeropsis hedericola
 * Sphaeropsis heterogena
 * Sphaeropsis heveae
 * Sphaeropsis hippocastanea
 * Sphaeropsis hranicensis
 * Sphaeropsis hrubyi
 * Sphaeropsis hyalina
 * Sphaeropsis hypodermia
 * Sphaeropsis ixorae-parviflorae
 * Sphaeropsis japonica
 * Sphaeropsis jodhpurensis
 * Sphaeropsis karachiensis
 * Sphaeropsis latispora
 * Sphaeropsis leptadeniae
 * Sphaeropsis ligniperda
 * Sphaeropsis ligustri
 * Sphaeropsis linariae
 * Sphaeropsis lineata
 * Sphaeropsis linhaiensis
 * Sphaeropsis loranthi
 * Sphaeropsis lycii
 * Sphaeropsis lyndonvillae
 * Sphaeropsis magnoliae
 * Sphaeropsis melanconioides
 * Sphaeropsis mespili
 * Sphaeropsis mimosicola
 * Sphaeropsis moelleriana
 * Sphaeropsis muehlenbeckiae
 * Sphaeropsis mulinicola
 * Sphaeropsis myrtaceicola
 * Sphaeropsis necatrix
 * Sphaeropsis negundinis
 * Sphaeropsis nubilosa
 * Sphaeropsis oligosperma
 * Sphaeropsis oncidii
 * Sphaeropsis orchidearum
 * Sphaeropsis paeoniae
 * Sphaeropsis pallidula
 * Sphaeropsis parca
 * Sphaeropsis persicae
 * Sphaeropsis philodendri
 * Sphaeropsis phoenicis
 * Sphaeropsis photiniae
 * Sphaeropsis pilocarpi
 * Sphaeropsis pinicola
 * Sphaeropsis plumeriae
 * Sphaeropsis polianthina
 * Sphaeropsis ponciri
 * Sphaeropsis porosa
 * Sphaeropsis profundae
 * Sphaeropsis ptilotrichi
 * Sphaeropsis punctata
 * Sphaeropsis punicae
 * Sphaeropsis puttemansii
 * Sphaeropsis ralfsii
 * Sphaeropsis raphiae
 * Sphaeropsis rehmanniae
 * Sphaeropsis rhodocarpa
 * Sphaeropsis rutae
 * Sphaeropsis sabalicola
 * Sphaeropsis salicis
 * Sphaeropsis salviae
 * Sphaeropsis sapinea
 * Sphaeropsis saponariae
 * Sphaeropsis sarmientoi
 * Sphaeropsis sideritis
 * Sphaeropsis solieri
 * Sphaeropsis spartii
 * Sphaeropsis spinulosa
 * Sphaeropsis sterculiae
 * Sphaeropsis stictoides
 * Sphaeropsis sumachi
 * Sphaeropsis teucrii
 * Sphaeropsis tulipastri
 * Sphaeropsis vaccinii
 * Sphaeropsis valentina
 * Sphaeropsis veronicae
 * Sphaeropsis verrucosa
 * Sphaeropsis viridula
 * Sphaeropsis viscicola
 * Sphaeropsis vochysiae
 * Sphaeropsis wisteriana

Former species
Many older species of Sphaeropsis have been transferred to other genera. Such as Sphaeropsis malorum, is now Botryosphaeria stevensii. Aklso Sphaeropsis tumefaciens now Cophinforma tumefaciens. Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens (Sphaeropsis Apple rot), now Xenosphaeropsis pyriputrescens (in the Phacidiaceae family).