Sulbactam

Sulbactam is a β-lactamase inhibitor. This drug is given in combination with β-lactam antibiotics to inhibit β-lactamase, an enzyme produced by bacteria that destroys the antibiotics.

It was patented in 1977 and approved for medical use in 1986.

Medical uses
The combination ampicillin/sulbactam (Unasyn) is available in the United States.

The combination cefoperazone/sulbactam (Sulperazon) is available in many countries.

The co-packaged combination sulbactam/durlobactam was approved for medical use in the United States in May 2023.

Mechanism
Sulbactam is primarily used as a suicide inhibitor of β-lactamase, shielding more potent beta-lactams such as ampicillin. Sulbactam itself contains a beta-lactam ring, and has weak antibacterial activity by inhibiting penicillin binding proteins (PBP) 1 and 3, but not 2.